울펀든 보고서는 법과 도덕의 규범적 관계에 관하여 유명한 하트-데 블린 논쟁의 계기가 되었다. 그 보고서는 “공익에 반하지 않는다면, 사적인 도덕문제에 형법이 관여할 수 없다”는 원칙에 기초하여서, 성인들이 합의하여 사적으로 행하는 동성애행위를 비범죄화할 것을 권고하였다. 그러나 성매매에 관하여는 성판매여성들을 길거리에서 내쫓기 위하여 관련 형사법의 구성요건을 강화하고 형량을 높이는 반(反)자유주의적인 권고를 하였다. 이 연구는 울펀든 원칙 자체에 그런 반(反)자유주의적인 사용 가능성이 있는지를 다음의 문제들을 검토해서 답하고자 한다. [문제1] 울펀든 원칙은 문제되는 행위에 대한 도덕적 평가와 무관하게 사용될 수 있는가? [문제2] 울펀든 원칙은 형법이 관여할 수 없는 자유로운 영역을 확인 하는데 유용한 지침인가? [문제3] 울펀든 원칙이 자유주의와 무관하게 사용될 가능성이 있는가? 데블린과 하트의 논변에서 이 문제들이 어떻게 다루어졌는지를 보고나서 이 문제들을 검토한 결과 다음의 결론에 이르렀다. (ⅰ) 울펀든 원칙은 문제되는 행위에 대한 도덕적 평가와 무관하게 사용되기 어렵다. (ⅱ) 울펀든 원칙은 형법이 관여할 수 없는 행위영역을 확인하는 유용한 지침이 될 수 없다. (ⅲ) 울펀든 원칙은 자유주의와 무관하게 사용될 수 있다. 그리고 그 과정에서 다음도 논증하였다. (ⅳ) 데블린과 하트의 논쟁에서는 [문제3]이 소홀히 다루어졌다. (ⅴ) (ⅰ)~(ⅲ)의 결론은 밀의 『자유론(On Liberty)』이나 도덕이론 에서 해악원칙만을 떼어낸 ‘단순한 해악원칙(the Simple Harm Princip le)’에도 적용될 것으로 보인다.

Zohar(1980) emphasized the influence of social, organizational, and psychological context in occupational safety and health study. With this research trend, Neal, Griffin, and Hart(2000) developed a sequential safety climate model. In this paper, author examined the usability of their model the relationships among safety climates, safety knowledge, safety motivation, and safety performance(safety compliance and safety participation). The author conducted a survey to 207 manufacturing workers, and the chief results of statistical analysis are as follows : 1) the leadership has positive effects on safety knowledge and motivation, 2) the precaution activities has only positive on safety knowledge, 3) the safety system has only on safety motivation, 4) the safety knowledge and motivation have positive effects on safety compliance and participation.

Zohar(1980) began to emphasize the influence of social, organizational or psychological context in occupational safety and health study. With this research trend, Neal, Griffin, and Hart(2000) developed sequential model of safety climate. This paper tried to review their model of relationships among safety climates, safety knowledge, safety motivation, and safety performance(safety compliance and safety participation). Based on the responses from 207 manufacturing workers, this paper reviewed the proposed relationships. The results of statistical analysis showed that leadership has affirmative effects on safety knowledge and motivation, and precaution activities only on safety knowledge, safety system only on safety motivation. And also, safety knowledge and motivation have affirmative effect on safety compliance and participation.

The writing style of Hart Crane has embarked on Symbolism that French Symbolists had developed in the nineteenth century and that modern English poets, such as Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot, found as a new poetic form in the early twentieth century. In the nineteen-twenties, Crane had felt the strong power of Eliot’s poetic skills which brought English aesthetic styles in his early poetic life from the French poets, such as Arthur Rimbaud or Jules Laforgue. Hence, it is interestingly remarkable to see Eliot’s objective, impersonal stance leading the literary tendency of the nineteen-twenties in view of French poets and Crane’s different goal in style. Obviously, in reaction to Eliot’s negative attitudes to human characters as seen in The Waste Land, Crane’s different style developed further with the conventional symbols, Faustus and Helen, which yet function to associate his imagination with the agreeable life of New Yorkers the speaker sympathetically talks about in the first long poem, “Faustus and Helen.”In a matter of style, Crane, away from Eliot’s perspective of poetry, opened the way to another convention in poetry: Symbolism in a historical sense. Unlike Edmund Wilson who confined French Symbolism within modern poetry, Northrop Frye widely connected Symbolism to the whole history of literature, revealing it as a proper term to interpret its meaning. In the nineteen-twenties, Eliot, discrediting romantic sensibility, engaged thoroughly in synthesizing the complex literary movements, French Symbolism and English classic aestheticism, into religio-philosophical directions for years to come. Yet, Crane tried to reconcile the romantically spirited French Symbolism and Coleridgean imagination within his poetic style relying more on romantically spirited personality. Unfortunately, Crane stopped his poetic life when only thirty-three years old, allegedly buried by the prominent movement, a contemporary Classicism of Eliot.