We investigated the effect of silicate coating of rice seeds on bakanae disease incidence and the quality of seedlings raised in seedling boxes and transplanted into pots. The silicate-coated rice seed (SCS) was prepared as follows. Naturally infested rice seeds not previously subjected to any fungicidal treatment were dressed with a mixture of 25% silicic acid at pH 11 and 300-mesh zeolite powder at a ratio of 50 g dry seed - 9 mL silicic acid - 25 g zeolite powder. The following nursery conditions were provided : Early sowing, dense seeding in a glass house with mulching overnight and no artificial heating, which were the ideal conditions for determining the effect on the seed. The nursery plants were evaluated for Gibberella. fujikuroi infection or to determine the recovery to normal growth of infected nursery plants in the Wagner pot. Seedlings emerged 2-3 days earlier for the SCS than they did for the non-SCS control, while damping-off and bakanae disease incidence were remarkably reduced. Specifically, bakanae disease incidence in the SCS was limited to only 7.8% for 80 days after sowing, as compared to 91.6% of the non-SCS control. For the 45-days-old SCS nursery seedlings, the fresh weight was increased by 11% and was two times heavier, with only mild damage compared to that observed for non-SCS. Even after transplanting, SCS treatment contributed to a lower incidence of further infections and possibly to recovery of the seedlings to normal growth as compared to that observed in symptomatic plants in the pot. The active pathogenic macro-conidia and micro-conidia were considerably lower in the soil, root, and seedling sheath base of the SCS. In particular, the underdeveloped macro-conidia with straight oblong shape without intact septum were isolated in the SCS ; this phenotype is likely to be at a comparative etiological disadvantage when compared to that of typical active macro-conidia, which are slightly sickle-shaped with 3-7 intact septa. A active intact conidia with high inoculum potential were rarely observed in the tissue of the seedlings treated only in the SCS. We propose that promising result was likely achieved via inhibition of the development of intact pathogenic conidia, in concert with the aerobic, acidic conditions induced by the physiochemical characteristics associated with the air porosity of zeolite, alkalinity of silicate and the seed husk as a carbon source. In addition, the resistance of the healthy plants to pathogenic conidia was also important factor.

Background : Usually, planting and harvest time is around the middle of April. A labor shortage deu to her planting time as harvest time and some farmers were late planting culture. After planting until take rooting It will take more than one month when late planting growth is bad. Seedling cultivation, just taking rooting is agricultural growth promotion. Methods and Results : So did design the optimum nursery days and number of plants. Nursery days were 30 days and 45 days and number of plants 1, 3, 5 plants. Plant length was longer in less number of plants while Root length was longer in more number of plants of Temporary planting seedling, Leaf number was a big increase but number of plants was not a big shift. In post-havest survey, plant length was longer in 3 number of stem and root length was longer in one number of stem. 45 days and 3 number of stem seedling was the most good in number, weight and length of tuberous root. Yield of 45 days and 3 number of stem seedling was higher 7% than 1 number of stem seedling and higher 5% than 5 number of stem seedling. 45 days and 3 number of stem seedling was 1,789 thousand per 10a in income was the most. Conclusion : Result of this study, for rasing healthy seeding nursery days 45 days and number of plants 3 plant