The Government of Vietnam recently issued a Strategy for Intellectual Property 2030 and amended the Law on Intellectual Property in 2022 for the economic development of Vietnam through stimulating innovation and creativity. Many solutions are recommended to foster the integration of research and development, and intellectual property such as recycling, water cleaning, treatment of poisonous exhausted air, energy saving, green technology for conserving ecosystems. To have more inventions and patents, Vietnam needs to protect its intellectual property rights (IPRs) involving all its various sectors and entities more. However, the current status of IPRs protection in Vietnam shows limitations in this field due to lack of appropriate legal rules on civil and criminal sanctions. This article will give an overview of IPRs protection in Vietnam and then analyze some current provisions relating to civil and criminal sanctions for IPRs infringement based on the experiences of some foreign countries. It will also recommend some solutions for overcoming these challenges.

우리나라 중소기업은 국내 경제에서 큰 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 특히 성장과 고용 측면에서 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 그러나 중소기업은 기업의 성장을 위해 고숙련 인력을 확충하여 생산성을 높여가 야 함에도 불구하고, 인력 유치가 지속적으로 어려운 상황이다. 중소기업이 기업의 생산성을 제고하고 경 쟁우위를 확보하기 위해서는 인적자본의 고도화가 중요하다. 특히 빠르게 변화하는 기술 환경에 대응해 현장 적응력을 높이기 위해서는 조직구성원의 인적자원개발이 뒷받침되어야 한다. 본 연구는 그동안 선 행연구에서 다루지 않았던 혁신의 요인들, 즉 기업의 혁신활동과 연구개발투자, 조직 환경을 중심으로 중소기업의 인적자원개발에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다. 특히 대기업과의 비교를 통해 상 대적으로 인력 확보 측면에서 열위에 있는 중소기업 인적자원개발의 위치를 파악하고자 하였다. 「사업 체패널조사」의 6~8차 자료를 활용하여 패널 로짓 모형을 통해 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혁신활 동은 혁신활동의 요소에 따라 차별적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 중소기업과 대기업 모두 전반 적으로 영향력이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 연구개발투자는 중소기업의 인적자원개발을 촉진하는 요인 으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 조직환경 요인은 중소기업의 인적자원개발에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 대기업보다 중소기업에게 더 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 고숙련 인력 확보를 위해서는 연구개발투자와 조직 환경이 중소기업의 인적자원개발에 무엇보다 중요한 요소임을 나타내며, 이를 고려하여 중소기업이 효과적이고 전략적으로 인적자원개발 제도를 마련해야 함을 시사한다.

As competition among companies has intensified and the life cycle of products has been shortened, strong innovation is needed to meet consumers' needs. In addition, it is necessary to shorten the life cycle of the product and reduce the time required for technology development for the competitive advantage of the product. In particular, venture companies where new technologies and ideas are important require more innovative capabilities than others companies. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of technology innovation capabilities (product development process capability, human resource capability and financial capability) on sales by technology development for small and medium venture companies and analyzed moderating effect of technology development period on the relationship between technology innovation capabilities and sales by technology development. The data of 'Small and Medium Business Technology Statistics' collected by the government every year were used for analysis. Technology-intensive ventures were extracted from this data. In addition, the moderating effect was analyzed through hierarchical regression analysis. This study shows that product planning capability, test capability, and R&D expenditure have a positive impact on sales by technology development. In this study, the product development period showed a positive moderating effect on product development capability and sales performance. On the other hand, the product development period showed a negative moderating effect on R&D expenditure and sales by technology development.

The global apparel manufacturers have produced apparel and textiles to meet consumers’ needs. Recently, they have applied the sophisticated technologies and more effective organizational systems to improve the efficiencies in apparel product development and their applications have led to enhancement of consumers’ satisfaction (Kunz, Karpova, & Garner, 2016). In this study, we identified novel approaches of product innovation strategies including technological innovation and organizational effort which a representative mass-scale Bangladeshi apparel manufacturer, Ananta Group has practiced. For data collection, in-depth interviews were conducted with four managerial staffs who were managers and assistant managers working at the research and development (R&D), production, marketing and quality control departments in Ananta Group. The interviewees were male employees having degrees higher than bachelor’s degree in textile engineering. Their work experience years ranged from 5 to 15 years within their respective fields and their ages ranged from 28 to 55 years (m=40). Qualitative approach was used to analyze the data. It was found that Ananta Group has used innovative technologies such as advanced softwares, process systems and machineries in new product development and its organizational effort of running specialized teams of design, new product development, and marketing activities has enhanced technological innovation. These findings provide global apparel manufacturers with valuable information on how product innovation strategies for new apparel development are important and what technological approaches can be used to accomplish it.

Creativity and innovation are crucial components of new product development (NPD) and incorporating environmental sustainability adds an extra dimension to the creative process, particularly for the fashion industry, which is a key sector in the UK creative industries that form a significant part of the national economy. Fashion designers’ creativity during NPD can be facilitated by effective collaboration with roles such as product technologists and buyers. This paper discusses ways in which creative knowledge and processes can be applied to innovative sustainable product development, exploring barriers and enablers involved in widening the availability and adoption of environmentally sustainable fashion. NPD is one of the more tangible aspects of creativity that can be managed, whereas creative design thinking is less tangible and logical, thus making it potentially incompatible with managers who are often more business-orientated and risk-averse in their approach than designers (Puryear, 2014). This can create tension for teams when selecting the most appropriate products for production and sustainable product features have traditionally not been a priority for fashion companies. Making products more sustainable is one of the challenging constraints that designers increasingly need to address within NPD, due to the high sustainability impacts of clothing in both environmental and social terms (Hjelmgrem et al., 2015). This research will adopt a qualitative approach, involving semi-structured interviews with a sample of 20 product development professionals from retailers, brands and manufacturers in the UK fashion business, during August to October 2018. In conclusion, the study will build on the primary research results to develop an original conceptual framework in the form of a model to facilitate product developers’ awareness and understanding of sustainability issues within creative processes and to adopt a new vocabulary to elicit more effectual communication regarding sustainability between NPD actors.

As companies develop more and more collaborative inter-firm relationships with others on new product development, successful configuration and management of R&D alliance portfolios becomes even more challenging. This paper seeks to understand how different characteristics of a firm’s R&D alliance portfolio influence its ability to acquire external knowledge and how knowledge acquisition in turn influences the firm’s innovation outcomes. The central argument is that a firm’s R&D alliance portfolio strategy entails both knowledge structure benefit and relational benefit. Firms seek to achieve these two different types of benefits by bringing in different desired partners. As a result, a firm’s choice or preferences for different types of R&D alliance partners influence both the scope of external knowledge it is exposed to (knowledge structure benefit) as well as the partner’s willingness to share and the focal firm’s ability to absorb and learn from its partners (relational benefit). While certain strategies may offer firms’ the opportunity to achieve both types of benefits simultaneously, other strategies may force firms to choose one benefit over the other. In order to exploit the value of the acquired knowledge acquired from external partners, firms need to further apply this knowledge to come up with innovative products or services. Literature has further classified new product offerings into radical vs. incremental innovations based on their innovativeness and customer benefit increase. Due to the different characteristics and knowledge requirements for radical vs. incremental innovation, we investigate how different dimensions play differential roles in the development process of these two types of innovation. We empirically tested our hypothesis in the context of pharmaceutical industry with a panel data of 64 firms over 15 years. The statistical results largely support our hypothesis.

Outsourcing allows companies to entrust to an external actor the management of part of their activities, particularly for peripheral processes to improve its performance. Outsourcing, in its strategic and global perception, can also be a support lever of activities related primary processes in a framework of partnership, facilitated by a process of innovation and promoting sustainable development especially in the area public. This is what this thesis seeks to demonstrate using a qualitative assessment of the main organizations responsible for the management of transport infrastructure in Morocco (Morocco's National Society of highways, roads department, National Agency of ports, National office of Airports and National Office of railway). This research adopted a recursive, abductive and inductive approach to first validate the theoretical corpus mobilized, and then design the analysis model of the empirical field and finally build the modeling of the proposed outsourcing oriented strategic partnership, innovation and sustainable development. The main components of this model are PARI model which considers the choice of partner the key to innovation, the structural model which distinguishes four levels (Corporate, Strategic business unit, Strategic Outsourcing, Sales Force) and management style model for every organizational level which is based on leadership, innovation and sustainable development. The appropriation of this modeling by public organizations will allow them the animation of the proposed economic model to make it an engine of entrepreneurship and unemployment resorption.

The new businesses started by the companies usually results in being unsuccessful. The main reasons for that are either aiming targeting wrong customers, unsatisfaction of customers’ requesting quality standards, or taking wrong actions against the competitors in the market. Therefore, companies should aim the targets for the newly developing products based on the fulfilling values for the customers when they start the new businesses, and should take good cares for risk managements at the each step of the new business to prevent the failure in advance. In addition to that, the companies starting new businesses not only need to take the customers attributes (CA) into account, but they also should apply the new technologies as one system to initiate a new business to satisfy the basic wants of the customers. This article suggests the New Product Development Pursuing Model using the Indicative Planning methodology and the Quality Management tools. The New Product Development Pursuing Model would be completed by the following steps as below; 1. Drawing the CTQ (Critical To Quality) for setting up the new product development objectives by : i) using the VOC (Voice Of Customers) obtained by the QFD (Quality Function Deploypment) if the market is mature, ii) applying AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to information in the QIS (Quality Information System) if the market is unmature to get enough need information of the customers. 2. Risk Management in NPD : The NPD pursuing model consisted of the IP (indicative planning) is suggested not by the process of top-down-way mandatory planning process, but by the tools used in the administrative science and economic fields, namely by governance. The companies could apply innovative methodology for new products development processes to fulfil the customers satisfaction in the fields, through the CA (Contingency Approach) of the NPD (New Product Development) process.

본 연구는 우리나라의 대표적인 혁신클러스터인 대덕연구개발특구를 대상으로 혁신클러스터의 성장에 미치는 영향요인을 제도적⋅물리적⋅사회적 구성요인으로 구분하여 고찰한 사례연구이다. 특히 이들 구성요인은 지난 15년간 대덕연구개발특구의 변화와 발전을 통해 성장에 영향 을 미쳐왔으며, 향후에도 지속적 발전에 중요한 영향요인이 될 것이다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 보완적으로 대덕특구의 혁신활동에 있어서의 혁신주체들의 위상 변화 및 환경, 제도 ⋅정책변화 등을 제도적⋅물리적⋅사회적 구성요인 측면에서 다각적으로 살펴보았다. 또한 도출된 대덕특구의 성장에 영향을 미치는 구성요인에 대해 AHP분석 방법을 통해 내부 혁신 주체들이 인식하는 중요도를 측정하였다. 본 연구는 대덕특구를 대상으로 장기적인 관점에서 혁신클러스터의 성장에 영향을 미치는 구성요소들을 제시하고 그 중요도를 도출함으로써 지역혁신 및 혁신클러스터 정책적 시사점 을 제공한다.

아키텍처 혁신은 급진적 혁신과 달리 기술적 불연속성의 정도는 낮지만 제품 아키텍처의 변경을 통한 기술적 성능개선 폭은 큰 혁신으로 이해되고 있다. 신생 산업의 초 기, 급진적 혁신 제품의 개발에 성공한 기업은 이후, 열등한 아키텍처 효율성 문제를 극복하 지 않으면 더 이상 기술적 성능 개선이 둔화되는 시점에 도달하게 된다. 이 지점에서는 급진 적 혁신 단계에서의 열등하지만 창의성이 깃든 제품 아키텍처의 창출 경험은 오히려 아키텍 처 혁신의 장애물로 작용하게 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 아키텍처 혁신 전후의 시장 요구변화와 이에 대한 기술적 해결 전략을 단계모델의 관점과 문제해결 모델의 관점이 결합된 분석틀의 구축을 통해 이해해보고자 하였다. 한국의 중소기업 자화전자(주)는 산업 초창기 휴대폰에 장착되는 진동모터의 급진적 혁신에 성공 후 아키텍처 혁신과 연관된 장애물들을 극복함으로써 마침내 자신이 개발한 진동모터의 본격적 확산에 성공할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 진동모 터의 개발과정에 대한 능동적 참여관찰을 통해 단일 사례를 종단적으로 깊이 연구함으로서, 이 과정이 어떻게 진행되었는지를 이해하고자 하였다.

본 연구는 구매자-공급자 간 협력에 기반을 둔 기술혁신 성과창출에서 공급 자 조직 학습역량의 역할에 초점을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 국내 제조업에 종사하 고 있는 중소기업 221개사를 이용하여 매개효과분석을 수행하였다. 실증검증 결과, 공급자 의 기술혁신 성과에 대한 구매자의 직접지원(기술인력 지원, 기계도구 및 검사장비 지원, 설비사용 교육)은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았지만, 구매자의 간접지원(지식, 노하우, 가치, 정보 공유)은 긍정적이며 유의한 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 매개효과분석을 위한 추가 검증 결과, 공급자의 학습역량과 구매자의 간접지원 사이에 부분 매개효과가 존재한 반면 에 구매자의 직접지원과 공급자의 학습역량 간에는 완전 매개효과가 존재하는 것으로 나 타났다. 이 연구결과는 구매자의 간접지원이 공급자의 기술혁신 성과를 향상시키는데 더욱 중요한 역할을 할 수 있음을 제시한다.

This research introduces the Financial Effect Measurement (FEM) models which measures both the improvement and the innovation performance of Quality Control Circle (QCC) and activities of Six Sigma. Concepts and principle of Comprehensive Income Statement (CIS), Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Time-Driven Activity Based-Costing (TDABC) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) are applied in order to develop the 4 FEM models presented in this paper. First of all, FEM using CIS depicts the improvement effects of production capacity and yield using relationships between demand and supply, and line balancing efficiency between bottleneck process and non-bottleneck processes . Secondly, cause-and-effect relation of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is used to present Critical Success Factor (CSF) effects for QC Story 15 steps of QCC and DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) of Six Sigma. The next is FEM model for service management innovation activities that uses TDABC to calculate the time-driven effect for improving the indirect activities according to the cost object. Lastly, FEM model for TPM activities presents the interpretation of improvement effect model of TPM Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) maintenance using profit, cash and Economic Added Value (EVA) as metrics of enterprise values. To better understand and further investigate FEMs, recent cases on National Quality Circle Contest are used to evaluate new financial effect measurement developed in this paper.

Research on new product development has emphasized the importance of integrating customers, employees, and suppliers in an organization’s innovation processes. While several studies evaluate respective participatory processes, there is, surprisingly, no consensus on which dimension participation quality consists of, and how to measure them consistently. The present study contributes to the literature by identifying the dimensions of participation quality and by constructing a participation quality scale that includes six dimensions, namely (1) project-related resources, (2) early involvement, (3) degree of influence, (4) transparency of processes, (5) incentive mechanisms, and (6) voluntariness of participation. Furthermore, a 24-item measure of participation quality is developed using a mixed-method design. Results of our study show that the developed measure impacts important innovation-related outcomes such as innovation performance, acceptance of the innovation, and intention to participate in future innovation projects. Given that the six identified dimensions of participation quality differentially affect these outcomes, the scale provides the opportunity to better design participatory innovation projects, and thus helps managers to integrate stakeholders more successfully in these projects.

This study designed a “Diagnostic Model for Management Innovation of Medium Enterprises” based on the theoretical background of success factor and management diagnosis model for management innovation of medium enterprises and suggested a measure for utilization of strategic subject and diagnostic model that enterprises can apply. Utilization of medium enterprises management innovation diagnostic model designed through this study would be of help for making a diagnosis of the capability maturity level of enterprises’ current management system and improving it by establishing a challenging capability objective and building a circulation system capable of innovating enterprises. It is expected for enterprises to overcome growing pains and establish a management system capable of achieving outcome (productivity) by repeating measurement and innovation through management diagnosis. In addition, this study provides a method to produce a strategic subject, select priority of implementation and prepare an implementation road map by classifying and filtering management issues produced as a result of management diagnosis in a systematic way. If variables necessary for production of an objective weighted value of scoring and discover of elements for category of diagnostic model and elementary items as well as design of a self-diagnosis questionnaire, measurement of management outcome suggested in this study can be able to be verified and supplemented through case study in the future, it is expected to make the degree of completion as a diagnostic model elevated that may help for growth and development through innovation of medium enterprises.

개방화, 세계화의 심화로 국제사회 및 국가간의 상호의존성이 확대되고 있으며, 이에 따라 국제개발협력의 역할과 중요성도 커지고 있다. 또한 글로벌 시장의 개방과 경쟁이날로 심화되고 선진국 위주의 시장확대, 성장이 한계에 다다름은 물론 OECD DAC 가입등 외교적 국격향상에 따라 대개도국 국제개발협력 확대에 대한 내외부의 수요가 증가하고 있다.이러한 대외환경의 빠른 변화는 정책 및 국제공조의 강화 등 거시적 수준의 변화뿐만 아니라 국제개발협력의 방법론의 미시적 수준의 변화를 동시에 요구한다. 이에본 연구는 국제개발협력의 방법론에 대한 새로운 접근법으로서 오픈 이노베이션의 가치를 검토 하였고, 특히 교육분야에서 오픈 이노베이션의 운영사례인 ALCoB을 분석하여 향후 국제개발협력 방법론의 대안을 제시하고자 하였다.

The paper’s proposition is that Mexican public universities potentiate social oriented activity for gsed purposes while agents in Knowledge and Innovation Networking. But they must comply with the structural restrictions of communicative action. The aim is to present communication principles for Knowledge and Innovation Networking (KIN) that promotes Green Sustainable Economic Development (gsed) in Latin American societies, characterized by heterogeneous cultural traits and varied levels of economic and political development, within countries themselves and between them. Prime gsed issues are the preservation of natural resources considering their use and enjoyment by the coming generations, the right to material progress of developing countries as well as the obligation of developed economies to reduce their energy consumption (raw energy and processed commodities). However, the validity of any gsed model is questionable unless it is coherent in terms of what gsed is considered both locally and globally, thus the relevance of networking for knowledge and innovation (see Hidalgo 2011), integrated with regional, national and international innovation systems. How can Knowledge and Innovation Networking (kin) increase university participation in the promotion of gsed? This is a question that this paper aims to answer and provide some strategies to increase participation and contribution to gsed. Knowledge and innovation networks are environments for participation of key social groups where concurrence protocols ease both lawfulness and transparency regarding market issues (global, regional and local) and sustainable development. On-line kin interactions implementation are insufficient for gsed, but will provide participants (state, business, universities and individuals) favorable environments for coordinated actions that represent added value to each and all participants with a reduced hierarchical control because the overall purpose is redefinition of gsed principles that meaningful taking into consideration each participant’s condition.

우리나라 상품의 대외경쟁력은 대체적으로 국내 물류비에서 결정된다. 이 좁은 국토(거리상으로)에서 왜 그리도 많은 내륙 물류비를 부담해야 하는 지 많은 이들이 의아해 한다. 제대로 갖추어져 있지 못한 국가차원의 사회간접자본(SOC) 시설, 승용차 중심의 도로운송시스템도 문제지만 제품공장과 수출입관문인 항만.공항간의 연결점에 있는 물류거점시설들이 활성화돼 있지 않다는 것이 요인으로 지적되고 있다. 민간업자 차원에서는 국토 요소요소에 물류센타를 세워놓고 고객들의 화물에 대한 일괄 물류서비스를 제공하려고 많은 노력들을 하고 있다. 이곳에서는 보관, 재고관리, 유통가공, 보세운송, 수배송, 물류대행, 물류컨설팅 등 종합(통합) 물류서비스들이 이루어진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 물류센터의 실태를 조사하여 수요에 따른 물류센터의 공급능력을 평가하면서 물류의 일괄서비스 측면에서의 효율성을 점검해 보고져 한다. 또한 향후 이 분야에 있는 연구나 조사 필요성이 있는 과제가 무엇인지를 검토하여 단계별 연구과제를 정의하여 체계적인 연구가 진행될 수 있도록 하는데 그 믿걸음이 되고져 한다.

반도체 제조 시스템에 대한 다양한 상황과 관련한 연구는 많지 않다 게다가, 모든 상황에 항상 적합한 생산시스템 전략은 없다. 반도체 제조공정 시스템에 대한 스케줄은 생산공정의 재진입, 공정의 높은 불확실성, 급속하게 변하는 제품과 기술과 같은 특성 때문에 반도체 제조공정시스템에 대한 스케줄은 복잡하고 어려운 작업이며, 사이클타임의 절감 및 단위시간당 생산량의 증대와 같은 시스템 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 반도체 제조 시스템에 대한 좋은 방법을 발견하기 위한 많은 연구가 있었다. 반도체 산업의 생산 흐름은 가장 독특한 특징을 가지고 있으며 생산계획과 반도체 제조의 스케줄링과 계획을 어렵게 하고 있다. 각각 다른 단계에 있는 자재는 같은 장비의 사용을 위해 경쟁을 하는데, 이로 인하여 작업시간 보다 단지 기다리는 시간에 상당한 시간을 할애하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 반도체 공정에 모듈 생산방식을 접목시켜 공정의 사이클 타임을 줄이고, WIP를 최소화하여, 생산량을 최대화는 방안을 제시하고 공정 모듈 시스템 (Process Modular System)을 구축하고자 한다.