This study explores the phenomenon of third-person self-reference (illeism) in the Indonesian and Korean languages, focusing on gender-based patterns in everyday interactions. While prior research has largely focused on literary works and the speech of public figures, this study explores illeism among everyday speakers with gender as a key influence. Comparing the two communities enhances our understanding of possible differences in the language use of illeism. A total of 64 participants were sampled: 40 Indonesians (20 males and 20 females) and 24 Koreans (12 males and 12 females). Using both quantitative and qualitative designs, data were collected via an online questionnaire using DCT (a discourse-completion task) with five social scenarios followed by an open-ended question for each scenario to elicit the reasoning behind the use of illeism. The responses were then analyzed thematically. The results show that Indonesian females use illeism more than males, while Korean respondents show balanced usage across genders. Four factors seem to influence illeism: context of formality and naturalness, emphasis on social roles, politeness and affection, and social distance.

study aims to explore the language attitudes toward the regional language and the identity as community members among Korean Language Learners(KLLs) who have migrated and reside in Jeonnam. It is important to pay attention to KLLs as community members, considering they communicate with speech community members who use the regional language. Therefore, in-depth interviews were conducted with six KLLs residing in Jeonnam to examine their language attitudes and identities. Analysis revealed that the KLLs exhibited a neutral attitude toward regional language, perceiving them as natural and commonplace. They positively accepted and used these dialects within their regional community. Furthermore, during the early stages of migration, learners experienced a lack of community belonging due to their unfamiliarity with regional language and insufficient language proficiency. However, through the process of striving to belong to the regional community, they began to unconsciously use the regional language, demonstrating that they employ the same linguistic resources as community members.

This study investigates the discursive construction of diasporic Korean identities across generations using a sociocultural narrative discourse approach. Combining interpretative phenomenological analysis with Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic framework, it examines interviews and public discourse materials to explore how language functions as both a symbolic resource and a medium of social practice. The findings reveal a generational shift from heritage-oriented identity maintenance to processes of identity reconstruction and negotiation. While earlier generations emphasize collective belonging through linguistic continuity and shared cultural memories, later generations reinterpret Korean as a resource for self-expression, relational positioning, and social recognition within multicultural contexts. In this sense, language does not operate as a marker of ethnic purity but as an interactive site where identities are negotiated, reconfigured, and performed. Theoretically, this study contributes to diasporic identity research by foregrounding performative subjectivity and demonstrating how language mediates identity construction across both generational and sociocultural contexts.

본 연구는 인공지능(AI) 기반 말하기 연습이 외국어로서의 한국어 (KFL) 학습자의 말하기 불안감과 정서적 발달에 미치는 영향을 분석함으 로써, AI 도구가 학습자의 정서적 요인에 미치는 교육적 의미를 탐색하 였다. 양적·질적 혼합연구 방법을 사용하여 설문조사 결과와 심층 인터 뷰 자료를 종합적으로 분석하였다. 통계분석 결과, 전반적으로 말하기 불 안이 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 한 문항에서 만 확인되었다. 그러나, 질적 분석에서는 인터뷰에 참가한 모든 학습자가 AI와의 상호작용을 통해 말하기에 대한 자신감과 편안함이 향상되었다고 보고하였으며, 이는 AI 기반 연습 환경이 학습자에게 심리적 안정감과 언어 사용의 부담 완화라는 긍정적 경험을 제공했음을 보여준다. AI 기 반 말하기 연습은 완전한 의사소통 능력의 습득을 대체하기보다는, 학습 자가 인간과의 실제 상호작용으로 나아가기 위한 초기 단계의 스캐폴드 역할을 수행하는 것으로 이해할 수 있다. 연구의 한계로는 소규모 표본, 짧은 개입 기간, 그리고 연구 결과의 일반화 가능성 제한이 있다.

본 연구는 『표준 한국어』 교재에 다문화 교육 요소가 어떻게 반영되어 있는지를 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 분석 대상은 초등 및 중·고등용 본 문 교재, 익힘책, 교사용 지도서 등 총 12권이며, 각 단원의 주제, 학습 활동 구성, 문화·삽화·사진 등의 제시 자료를 중심으로 다문화 관련 요소 의 제시 양상을 검토하였다. 분석 기준은 조영달(2010)의 세 범주(정체 성, 문화 다양성, 사회 정의)를 1차 틀로 설정하였으며, 이를 통해 단원 별 문화 내용의 범주화와 제시 방식의 특성을 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 문 화 다양성 요소는 비교적 자주 나타난 반면, 정체성 형성이나 사회 정의 와 관련된 요소는 제한적으로 제시되었고, 외국 문화 소개는 정보 전달 수준에 머무르는 경향이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, 향후 교재 개발에서 다문화 교육의 핵심 목표를 보다 체계적으로 반영하고, 학습자 의 문화 감수성과 비판적 사고를 촉진할 수 있는 학습활동 구성이 필요 함을 제안한다.

This study examines the development of Korean language education in Sri Lanka from secondary to tertiary levels and identifies key institutional challenges. Korean has recently been introduced as a high school subject and added to the university entrance examination, yet systematic academic research remains limited in the local educational context. Using document analysis and field-based inquiry, the study investigates the expansion and implementation of Korean language programs. Data come from statistics by the National Institute of Education, a survey of 123 secondary school teachers, and interviews with university instructors. The analysis covers curricula at the secondary and upper-secondary levels as well as programs in five universities that offer Korean courses. Findings show persistent structural issues, including insufficiently qualified and understaffed teachers, curriculum inconsistencies, limited instructional materials, and a lack of specialized institutions and research infrastructure. The study proposes a teacher-qualification framework, mentoring-based training, localized textbooks, and the expansion of university-level Korean majors.

This study examines linguistic variation in Korean spoken by the first generation of Korean immigrants to the United States (1903–1924), a group that marked the beginning of Korean-American history. While some studies have explored the language of contemporary Korean Americans, limited prior research has addressed the Korean language of these early immigrants. Around 1975, second-generation Korean American Sonia Shinn Sunoo conducted a large-scale oral history project, interviewing early Korean immigrants. Among the collected recordings, more than 40 participants used Korean for their interviews. Despite their historical and linguistic value, these recordings do not appear to have been used for linguistic research. Analysis reveals that early immigrants’ Korean reflects the regional dialects of early twentieth-century Korea and extensive English lexical borrowing. Rather than showing large-scale lexical changes influenced by Japanese in Korea during the same period, their speech demonstrates a strong English influence. This study highlights the sociolinguistic and historical significance of the early Korean immigrants' language use and calls for further scholarly attention to this valuable linguistic heritage.

This study investigates the Korean language learning needs of international students enrolled in English-track programs at universities in Korea, with the goal of suggesting improvements in both instruction and the broader educational environment. A survey of 329 English-track international students at a university in Busan was conducted, examining their needs in four areas: learning environment, Korean language courses, instructors, and learners. To complement the quantitative analysis, in-depth interviews were carried out with 10 selected participants. Findings reveal that students expressed the greatest needs in relation to the learning environment and learner-related factors. Specifically, they emphasized the importance of increased opportunities for interaction with Korean students, the establishment of student clubs and common spaces, courses designed for the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK), and classes emphasizing practical speaking skills. By contrast, satisfaction with instructors was generally high. Correlation analysis showed the strongest relationship between the learning environment and Korean language courses, underscoring the necessity of improving the overall educational environment to enhance course satisfaction. This study offers practical implications for tailoring Korean language instruction to the needs of English-track international students and recommends further research across diverse regions and language backgrounds.

This paper examines the pedagogical application of Linguistic Landscape in Korean as a Heritage Language (KHL) education. Although previous research affirms that the linguistic landscape enhances learners’ awareness of real-world language use, promotes cultural understanding, and motivates learners through authentic engagement with the target language in their local community, it remains underutilized in the Korean language classrooms. Adopting a project-based learning (PBL) approach, this paper presents a linguistic landscape project conducted by Korean heritage learners in a KHL class at a state university in the United States and discusses how the project fostered their language awareness and understanding of the Korean diaspora. The paper outlines how the project was implemented, examines learners’ observations of the linguistic landscape in the local Koreatown, and analyzes their self-reflections. The results suggest that learners recognize translanguaging between Korean and English, understand the distinct functions of each language, and identify the marketing strategies informing language choices. The project also encouraged learners to reflect on their own identities as Korean Americans, their local Korean American communities, and, more broadly, the Korean diaspora in the United States.

This study aims to analyze a case of a short-term Korean language training program for learners from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to derive its implications. The program was structured in the following sequence: student recruitment by the UAEU (United Arab Emirates University) coordinator, pre-program preparation by the coordinator at University B, joint operation of the program by coordinators from both institutions, and the preparation and sharing of a final report by the University B coordinator. This study focuses on training programs conducted from 2023 to 2025 and employs qualitative analysis based on responses to surveys administered after the program. The analysis revealed that while learners generally expressed high satisfaction with the Korean language classes and cultural experiences, some reported lower satisfaction in aspects related to daily living, such as food and accommodation, due to cultural differences. These findings suggest areas for improvement in future program design. By presenting a practical case of short-term Korean language training for UAE learners, this study serves as foundational data for the development of Korean language education programs and related research targeting learners from the Middle East.

This study examines the perception and utilization of grammatical terminology among international students in non-language majors and empirically investigates its impact on grammar learning. To this end, a mixed-method approach was employed, combining a questionnaire, a modified Forced-Choice Grammaticality Judgment Test (FC-GJT), and semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that learners perceive grammatical terminology as “difficult yet necessary linguistic tools”. Furthermore, they actively use these terms during self-directed learning by organizing notes, conducting online searches, translating them into their first language, and using AI-based tools. However, the FC-GJT results showed no statistically significant differences in scores or confidence levels between the tests with and without grammatical explanations—positive perceptions of terminology do not necessarily translate into improved grammatical performance. These findings imply that while grammatical terminology can facilitate learners’ rule awareness and explicit knowledge formation, its effect on actual performance is limited. This study recommends reconsidering the role, presentation, and pedagogical use of grammatical terminology as a learning tool in Korean grammar instruction.

This study investigates representations of motherhood in Korean language textbooks for female marriage immigrants, focusing on The Exciting Korean Language and The Accurate Korean Language, which are widely used in multicultural family centers. Drawing on Sadker and Sadker’s (2003) framework of “Stereotyping” and “Imbalance and selectivity“, this study analyzed illustrations and texts. Findings revealed that mothers were consistently depicted as the primary agents of childcare, education, and household management, with such topics concentrated in dialogues between female characters. Additionally, textual portrayals emphasize devotion and self-sacrifice, whereas marriage-migrant mothers are often depicted as dependent, unlike Korean mothers. The study highlights the need for future textbook development to address learner needs within their structural contexts and include more diverse and non-traditional representations of motherhood (e.g., scenes that emphasize experience-sharing and mutual support among mothers from minority backgrounds.

This study investigates the language attitudes of English-track international students at a Korean university operating under an English-medium instruction (EMI) system. Survey data from 195 students were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively to assess attitudes toward English (L2) and Korean (L3) across cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The finding shows that the students regarded both languages as important, but attributed different functional roles to each: English operated as academic symbolic capital, whereas Korean was essential for daily life. English consistently received high scores across all domains, whereas Korean showed a marked discrepancy between strong cognitive recognition and lower affective and behavioral attitudes. Furthermore, attitudes toward Korean declined with longer residence (p < .01), likely reflecting limited institutional support, discontinuities in Korean language education, and broader tensions arising from conflicting language policies. These results suggest that EMI programs should incorporate plurilingual pedagogical approaches that support the flexible and integrated use of students' linguistic resources.

This qualitative study explored how teaching practicum experiences influence foreign language teaching anxiety (FLTA) among Korean pre-service secondary English teachers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted before and after the practicum with eight pre-service English teachers selected for their high FLTA levels. Results showed a notable reduction in anxiety post-practicum. Initially, FLTA was driven by perceived linguistic deficiencies, fear of negative evaluation, perfectionism, non-nativeness, and inadequate pedagogical preparation. After the practicum, triggers shifted toward practical classroom issues, including time management and responding to student questions. Coping strategies evolved from rigid rehearsal and avoidance to adaptive practices such as rapport-building and reflective teaching. Participants emphasized the practicum’s role in reducing anxiety through authentic teaching experiences, advocating longer and more frequent practicums. These findings highlight the critical role of supervised, experiential classroom exposure in teacher education for mitigating FLTA and easing the transition from theory to practice.

이 연구의 목적은 중국인 유학생의 한국어 학습에 대한 메타인지 능력 을 파악해 봄으로써 한국어 학습을 스스로 해야만 하는 학부생의 자기주 도적 학습 능력을 견인할 메타인지 활성화 방안을 모색해 보는 것이다. 이를 위해 학부의 특정 교과목의 중국인 수강생 102명의 학습 경험, 학 습 전략, 학습 성찰에 관한 서술형 응답을 수집하고, 문헌 검토를 통해 메타인지적 지식과 메타인지적 조절을 대범주로 설정한 후 개방 코딩 절 차를 통해 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 메타인지적 지식 측면에 비해 메타인지적 조절 측면이 상대적으로 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 국인 유학생의 한국어 학습에서는 다양한 학습 전략에 대한 지식 제공과 더불어 체계적인 전략 수립과 학습 방법 평가 능력을 함양할 수 있는 메 타인지 훈련이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

본 연구는 한국어 기반 디지털 리터러시 교육이 외국인 유학생의 디지 털 리터러시 역량과 경험에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 전라 남도 소재 4년제 대학에서 한국어 통합 수업을 듣는 외국인 유학생 17 명을 대상으로 3주간 디지털 리터러시 역량 함양을 위한 구체적이고 실 제적인 수업을 실시하였다. 역량별 사전-사후 평균 및 표준편차 분석, 독립표본 t-검정, 문항별 사전-사후 평균 및 표준편차 분석을 실시한 결 과 모든 영역에서 수업 이후 통계적으로 유의미한 향상이 나타났다. 특 히 ‘데이터 활용 역량’과 ‘디지털 활용 학습 역량’에서 뚜렷한 역량 향상 을 보였다. 이는 학습자들이 데이터를 능동적으로 생성하거나 분석하고, 자료를 효과적으로 시각화하고 발표하는 능력을 수업 과정에서 실질적으 로 습득하였기 때문으로 판단된다. 다만 본 연구는 소규모 표본과 익명 성 유지로 인해 개별 학습자의 사전-사후 변화를 추적하지 못한 한계가 있으므로, 향후 연구에서는 보다 큰 표본을 확보하여 개별 학습자의 변 화 양상을 구체적으로 분석할 필요가 있다.

In the context of globalization and increasingly frequent intercultural communication, L2 willingness to communicate (WTC) is a crucial factor influencing language acquisition, use, and teaching. Despite the growing body of L2 WTC research, there is a paucity of systematic reviews in this area. This study conducts a comprehensive review of 44 empirical articles (2019-2024) sourced from SSCI and KCI/KISS journals, focusing on WTC among Korean and English language learners. The analysis delves into research trends, participant demographics, methodologies, and thematic emphases. Notably, there has been a marked increase in publications since 2020. Korean WTC studies predominantly feature in education journals, concentrating on Korean as a second language (KSL) contexts. Conversely, English WTC studies are more prevalent in psychology journals, focusing on English as a foreign language (EFL) environments. The primary cohort of participants in these studies comprises university students. Methodologically, both fields heavily favor large-scale quantitative designs, although longitudinal approaches are more prevalent in English-focused studies. The majority of investigations center on the antecedents of WTC, with limited exploration of its impact on learning outcomes. The findings underscore substantial research gaps, particularly the necessity for diversified methodologies and in-depth examinations of Korean learners’ WTC.

This study aims to identify the patterns of vocabulary composition changes by conducting a quantitative comparative analysis of the vocabulary included in Sejong Korean (2011-2013) and Sejong Korean (2022), a standard textbook series for Korean language education. The research methodology involved a comprehensive survey of index vocabulary from both textbook versions, followed by systematic comparative analysis based on vocabulary volume, part-of-speech distribution, vocabulary type composition, and grade-level consistency. The results revealed that the revised edition showed a significant decrease in total vocabulary. The proportion of Sino-Korean words decreased while native Korean words and loanwords increased. Content-wise, traditional culture-related vocabulary decreased while modern leisure activity-related vocabulary increased, with a notable shift from vocabulary focused on foreign culture to vocabulary related to tourist attractions in Seoul. These changes are analyzed as results of Sejong Institute’s curriculum diversification, its pursuit of universal Korean language education goals, and reflection of contemporary demands. This research provides important implications for future Korean language educational vocabulary selection and textbook development direction.

본 연구는 비원어민 한국어교원을 대상으로 한국 고전 문학을 활용한 교수-학습 모형을 제안하고, 이를 실제 교육 현장에서 적용한 결과를 분 석함으로써 문학교육의 실천적 가능성과 교육적 효과를 고찰하였다. 최 근 전 세계적으로 한국어와 한국문화에 대한 수요가 급증하면서, 비원어 민 교사의 비중이 확대되고 있음에도 불구하고, 이들이 한국문학 및 문 화교육에 대해 갖는 부담과 어려움은 여전히 크다. 특히 고전 문학은 외 국인 학습자의 문화 이해, 어휘·담화 능력 향상, 창의적 사고 촉진 등 교 육적 가치를 지니고 있음에도, 현행 교육과정에서는 체계적인 접근이 부 족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식을 바탕으로, 한국 대학의 한 국어교육 과정 내 베트남 교원 연수프로그램에서 고전설화 ‘장자못 이야 기’를 중심으로 문학 수업을 시연하였으며, 모국 문학과의 비교, 창의적 재구성 활동, 내면화 단계를 포함한 4단계 교수-학습 모형을 적용하였 다. 수업 후 비원어민 교사 14명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 분 석 결과, 교원들은 문학 수업이 한국문화와 언어 통합 교육에 효과적이 며, 비교문화적 접근이 학습자의 참여와 이해를 증진하는 데 도움이 된 다고 인식하였다. 본 논문은 해당 수업의 설계와 실행 과정을 구체적으 로 기술함으로써, 한국어교육 현장에서 고전 문학이 실질적으로 활용될 수 있는 수업 모형을 제안하고, 비원어민 교원의 교육역량 제고를 위한 실천적 토대를 마련하고자 하였다.

이 연구는 국내 네팔 유학생을 대상으로 한국어 학습에 대한 기대, 가 치, 비용을 분석하여 이들의 학습 동기를 파악하고, 한국어 교육 과정에 시사점을 도출하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 영어트랙 네팔 유학생 을 대상으로 설문조사와 TF-IDF 분석을 실시한 결과, 이들은 한국어 학 습을 학문적·직업적 성공을 위한 중요한 도구로 인식하며, 특히 외적 가 치를 가장 높게 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한국어 학습에 할애되 는 기회비용이 학습 기대나 가치에 영향을 주고 있음을 확인하였다. 연 구 결과를 바탕으로 본고에서는 학습자의 실질적 요구와 취업 연계성 반 영, 자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 다층적 평가와 지속 가능한 한국어 학습 지원 체계 마련 등을 제안하였다.