Emissions of leachate, odor, and landfill gas(LFG) from an open-dumping landfill site do harm to public health by contaminating neighboring soil, underground water, and rivers. Particularly, methane(CH4) and carbon dioxide(CO2), the main components of LFG, are especially noted as the causing material of the global warming that become seriously recognized worldwide issue. As one of alternatives in managing LFG, incineration of inflammable wastes that are generated during excavation process at an open-dumping landfill has been evaluated. Standard on stabilization for evaluation, neither CH4 density nor CO2 density could not Because meet 'less than 5%' criterion and so it is right to install a gas collection system during landfill renewal to prevent diffusion of odor and collect it. Because it shows considerable heating value, incineration of inflammable wastes might be the reasonable solution from the result of our study.

Results for application of RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) to selected wastes in metropolitan and small and medium cities are as follows. The physical characteristics of waste are paper, plastic, food waste, and so on. The proximate analysis in P city showed 20.2% of moisture, 71% of combustible material, and 8.8% of ash on annual average. That in G city showed 31.6% of moisture, 59.5% of combustible material, and 8.9% of ash. Ultimate analysis in P city showed 52.04% of carbon, 7.02% of hydrogen, 28.80% of oxygen, 0.66% of nitrogen, and 0.09% of sulfur. Heating value was 3,363 kcal/kg. Ultimate analysis in G city showed 50.85% of carbon, 6.56% of hydrogen, 29.86% of oxygen, 0.79% of nitrogen, and 0.12% of sulfur. Heating value in the G city was somewhat lower than that in the P city with 2,632 kcal/kg. Thus, application of RDF in metropolitan city was more effective than that in small and medium cities. Heating value in mixture for the P city was lower than that in waste of the volume rate waste charge system alone by 143 kcal/kg. In proximate analysis, moisture, and combustible material were likely to be more adequate to RDF.

Hydraulic gradient of the landfill soils is estimated by Devlin (2003) method, and its variation characteristics from rainfall and permeability of the aquifer material are analyzed. The study site of 18 m × 12 m is located in front of the Environment Research Center at the Pukyong National University, and core logging, slug/bail test and groundwater monitoring was performed. The slug/bail tests were performed in 9 wells (except BH9 well), and drawdown data with elapsed time for bail tests were analyzed using Bouwer-Rice and Hvorslev methods. The average hydraulic conductivity estimated in each of the test wells was ranged 1.991 ×10-7~4.714×10-6 m/sec, and the average hydraulic conductivity in the study site was estimated 2.376×10-6 m/sec for arithmetic average, 1.655×10-6 m/sec for geometric average and 9.366×10-7 m/sec for harmonic average. The permeability of landfill soils was higher at the east side of the study site than at the west side. Groundwater level in 10 wells was monitored 44 times from October 2 to November 7, 2007. The groundwater level was ranged 1.187~1.610 m, and the average groundwater level range in each of the well showed 1.256~1.407 m. The groundwater level was higher at the east side than at the west side of the study site, and this distribution is identify to it of hydraulic conductivity. The hydraulic gradient and the major flow direction for 10 wells were estimated 0.0072～0.0093 and 81.7618～88.0836°, respectively. Also, the hydraulic gradient and the major flow direction for 9 wells were estimated 0.0102～0.0124 and 84.6822～89.1174°, respectively. The hydraulic gradient of the study site increased from rainfall (83.5 mm) on October 7, causing by that the groundwater level of the site with high permeability was higher. The hydraulic gradient estimated on and after October 16 was stable, due to almost no rainfall. Thus, it was confirmed that the variation of the hydraulic gradient in the landfill soils was controlled by the rainfall.

We investigated the ecological characteristics of reed populations growing in Korea and tried to select reed populations showing better growth patterns in waste landfill leachate. To examine the growth characteristics, 14 reed populations from various habitats were collected. Four reed populations were from inland reclaimed habitats, 4 reed populations from brackish or salt marsh habitats, and 6 reed populations from fresh water habitats. Total plant biomass after the treatment with landfill leachate showed that Daebudo and Nanjido reed populations had the higher biomass with 3755 g DW/pot and 3305 g DW/pot, respectively. Reed populations being sampled from the higher salinity and landfill habitats had relatively higher total biomass than that of other reed populations. Especially reed populations from landfill habitats showed higher biomass. Reed populations from Songjiho and Daebudo, which were believed to have tolerance to salt stress, also showed good growth patterns. Population from the fresh water habitats exhibited relatively lower tolerance to leachate treatment compared to others. From the results, we could conclude that reed populations from Nanjido and Daebudo with higher biomass and better salt tolerance were able to good candidates for purification of waste landfill leachate.

The purpose of this study is to investigate weighted compaction density according to a loading density in truck, a compaction density of solid waste and composition ratios of solid waste for calculation of a capacity of the landfill sites. The experiments for calculations of in-place density at landfill site have been conducted in S landfill site at B City. The size of vessel for measuring the compaction density was 1m3(1m×1m×1m). The experiment tests have been carried out methods (1 time for bulldozer and 4 times for compactor) that do contain all of specification at the landfill site. Average of the loading density at the landfill site was 0.264 ton/m3 (0.113～0.487 ton/m³). When the loading density for each compositions was compared, the composition of the highest average loading density (0.474 ton/m³) was miscellaneous wastes. The composition of the lowest average loading density (0.120 ton/m³) was general solid waste. The reported results indicated that the compaction density at the landfill site was 0.538 ton/m³, which was calculated with weighted incoming ratios of compositions. The ranges of the density for each composition were from 0.021 ton/m³ to 0.221 ton/m³. When the compaction density for each composition was compared, the composition with the highest average compaction density (0.221 ton/m³) was miscellaneous wastes. The composition with the lowest average compaction density (0.021 ton/m³) was general solid wastes.

Characteristic of wastes in a unsanitary landfill at the residential development site in H city, Kyunggi-do was investigated for the disposal of huge amount of wastes. The total amount of wastes was estimated at 117,000 ton and construction solid wastes and municipal solid wastes were detected together. The portion of combustibles was very low and soils, concrete wastes, and pebbles were the major components in landfilled wastes. Because the site was the residential development site, the landfilled wastes should be removed immediately for the construction. Therefore the way that the unsanitary landfill was excavated and the wastes were sorted into three categories such as soils, noncombustibles and combustibles was selected as the best method. Soils and noncombustibles could be recycled and sorted combustibles could be re-landfilled in a smaller area or incinerated.