Purpose - This study investigated small business members' cognition of happiness in accordance with changes of employment environment at the nation's industrialization. The study verified effects of labor workers' psychological wellbeing conditions upon life satisfaction as well as the effects of job burden and family burden of employment instability. Research design, data, and methodology - The subjects were small business workers in Seoul and Metropolitan areas. The author collected 150 copies of effective questionnaires. Regression analysis, hierarchical analysis and 3-stage mediation regression analysis were done. Results – The findings of this research was that psychological wellbeing factors alleviated job burden and family burden to increase satisfaction with life. Employment instability moderated between job burden and satisfaction with life, job burden between environmental control and satisfaction with life, and family burden between goal and satisfaction of life. Members needed sub factors of psychological wellbeing, especially reflection for self-acceptance. Conclusions - This study inspected effects of small business workers' psychological wellbeing upon life satisfaction at changes of management environment as well as labor environment to verify effects of job burden, family burden and employment instability and to find out conditions of human resources management from point of view of small business and workers.

Purpose - This paper aims to obtain a theoretical understanding for the relationship among the elderly's leisure activity, social support, life satisfaction and mental loneliness in their life. This paper has the purpose to draw policy implications by the course of research and study as well as to find alternatives in enhancing the elderly’s psychological well-being in a practical dimension. Research design, data, and methodology - Data has been collected from 380 elderly persons participating in leisure activities in 10 senior welfare service centers located in the Seoul area. A structured questionnaire sheet was used, and as the main analysis method for hypothesis verification, the hierarchical regression method was used. Results - Social support is moderating factor for the relationships among the productive leisure activity, life satisfaction and mental loneliness, but does not play the moderating role in the relationships such as consumptive leisure activity, life satisfaction and mental loneliness. Conclusions - It is necessary to make efforts to provide policies for promoting and expanding the elderly's participation especially in productive leisure activity. And also, an institutional support should be provided for maintaining and expanding a stable social relationship network for the elderly’s participation.

Purpose - The elderly do not want to know what they want and what happiness is, and have no interest in their society. Thus, many studies have been made to investigate real-life situations and to find a solution. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of the elderly's dating upon happiness. This study investigated the effects of the elderly's dating upon life satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology - After coding, SPSS Win18.0 was used. The study was investigated as follows. The subjects were 530 elderly of 3 cities in Chungnam who live without children. A total of 512 questionnaire responses were used after we excluded 18 questionnaire because of incomplete responses. Results - The elderly's date value accounted for 3.22 of 5 in full. In this study, the interviewees (82.3%) said normal or higher level to be satisfied with the date. Conclusions – With the extended life span of the elderly, their chances to retain or make new partners have increased. Considering this trend, social workers and others in senior centers should give health services to the elderly to consult and give educational programs to be free from prejudice and conservative attitudes. Most of the elderly had desire to date but thought that with prejudice and bias.

본 연구의 목적은 교사의 소명의식과 삶의 만족간의 간계에서 자아존중감과 직업적 정체감 의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울 및 경남지역 교사 346명을 대상으로 소명의 식척도, 자아존중감척도, 직업적 정체감척도와 삶의 만족척도를 실시하여 그 결과를 분석하였 다. 소명의식, 자아존중감, 직업적 정체감, 삶의 만족도의 관계는 상관분석을 통해 검토하였고, 소명의식과 삶의 만족 관계에서 자아존중감과 직업적 정체감의 매개효과를 구조방정식 모형검 증을 통해 확인하였다. 본 연구결과 소명의식과 자아존중감, 직업적 정체성, 삶의 만족은 모두 유의한 정적 상관이 있었다. 그리고 자아존중감은 직업적 정체성과 삶의 만족, 직업적 정체성 은 삶의 만족과 정적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 교사의 소명의식이 자아존중감, 직업적 정체감, 삶 의 만족에 이르는 경로, 자아존중감이 직업적 정체감, 삶의 만족도에 이르는 경로는 유의한 것 으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교사의 소명의식과 삶의 만족 사이에서 자아존중감과 직업적 정체감의 매개효과는 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 시사점과 한계점을 논의하였다.