Background: The gluteus maximus (GM) muscle comprise the lumbo-pelvic complex and is an important stabilizing muscle during leg extension. In patients with low back pain (LBP) with weakness of the GM, spine leads to compensatory muscle activities such as instantaneous increase of the erector spinae (ES) muscle activity. Four-point kneeling arm and leg lift (FKALL) is most common types of lumbopelvic and GM muscles strengthening exercise. We assumed that altered hip position during FKALL may increase thoraco-lumbar stabilizer like GM activity more effectively method. Objects: The purpose of this study was investigated that effects of the three exercise postures on the right-sided GM, internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), and multifidus (MF) muscle activities and pelvic kinematic during FKALL. Methods: Twenty eight healthy individuals participated in this study. The exercises were performed three conditions of FKALL (pure FKALL, FKALL with 120° hip flexion of the supporting leg, FKALL with 30° hip abduction of the lifted leg). Participants performed FKALL exercises three times each condition, and motion sensor used to measure pelvic tilt and rotation angle. Results: This study demonstrated that no significant change in pelvic angle during hip movement in the FKALL (p > 0.05). However, the MF and GM muscle activities in FKALL with hip flexion and hip abduction is greater than pure FKALL position (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our finding suggests that change the posture of the hip joint to facilitate GM muscle activation during trunk stabilization exercises such as the FKALL.

최근 국제해사기구(IMO)를 비롯한 국제사회에서 선박의 대기오염 배출 규제를 강화하고 있으며, 배기가스 배출을 줄이기 위한 친환경 선박 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 그중에서도 풍력 보조 선박추진 시스템 중 하나인 로터 세일(Rotor Sail, RS)이 다시금 주목 받고 있다. RS는 선박 데크에 설치되는 원통형 실린더 장치로 마그누스 효과를 사용하여 유체 동역학적 양력을 생성하는 장치이다. 이는 차세대 친환경 보조 추진 기술 중 하나이며, RS 적용 선박을 개발한 Enercon 社에서는 약 30% 이상의 연료 절감이 가능하다고 발표했다. 본 연구에서는 다중 RS를 선박에 설치할 경우 RS 간격 및 배열 형태와 같은 최적의 설치 조건을 선정하고자 하였으며, RS 배열에 따른 유동특성을 확인하기 위하여 AR(Aspect Ratio) = 5.1, SR(Spin Ratio) = 1.0 및 로터세일 지름과 엔드 플레이트 지름 비( )= 2.0 로 고정하고 자유 유속 U = 5 m/s로 풍향은 +y 축 단방향에 대한 조건만 고려하였다. 배열 조건은 횡방향 거리는 +x 축 방향으로 3D ~ 15D까지 3D 간격 으로 총 5가지 조건을, 종방향 거리는 +y 축 방향으로 5D ~ 25D까지 5D 간격으로 총 5가지 조건을 설정하였으며, 사각 형태(□)와 마름모 형태(◇) 배열에 따른 양력계수( ), 항력계수( )와 공기역학적 효율( / )을 비교하였다. 결과적으로 종방향 간격에 따른 RS의 영향은 크게 차이가 없었으나, 횡방향 간격에 따른 RS 유동특성의 경우 두 RS가 바람 방향에 거의 일치할 때 RS의 상호작용 효과가 가장 크게 나타났다. 배열에 따른 RS 유동특성의 경우, 전방(0°) 방향에서 바람이 불 때 마름모 형태(◇) 배열이 RS 간의 후류 영향을 가장 덜 받는 것으로 나타났다.

한국통합물류협회의 발표에 따르면, 2021년도 국내 총 택배 물량은 33억 7천만 개로 전년대비 7.59% 증가했고 매출액은 8조 5,800억 원으로 전년대비 14.6% 증가한 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 증가추세는 향후 지속될 것으로 전망된다. 이러한 택배 물량을 처리함에 있어 작업자는 대표적인 근골격계 부담작업에 노출되어 각종 근골격계 질환 유발 및 능률 저하가 갈수록 심화되고 있는 상황이다. 이에 따라 최신 통신네트워크 기술을 기반으로 하여 작업자와 자율주행 무인 운반차(Automated Guided Vehicle, AGV) 그리고 로봇의 협업을 지원하기 위한 기술개발에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 LTE / 5G와 같은 최신 통신네트워크 환경 하에서 물류센터에서 자율주행하면서 택배의 상/하차 작업을 수행하는 Horizontal Scissor Lift를 갖는 AGV를 개발하고 택배 분류작업을 수행하는 로봇이 AGV와 협업을 가능하도록 하여 물류 집하 및 분배 작업이 통합된 물류 자동화 플랫폼을 구축한다. 본 물류 자동화 플랫폼은 자율 주행하면서 택배를 상/하차 하는 Scissor Lift-type AGV, 택배 분류를 위한 로봇, 다수의 AGV의 충돌을 방지하고 작업지시 및 작업상태 확인, 작업결과 피드백 등의 실시간 모니터링을 위한 관제 시스템 등으로 구성된다. 특히, 본 논문에서는 Horizontal Scissor Lift를 갖는 AGV의 구체적인 설계 및 해석결과를 제시하고, AGV 시제품에 대해 이동속도, 긴급 제동거리 및 위치정밀도에 대한 성능 평가를 수행함으로써 개발되는 AGV 시스템의 성능을 검증한다.

Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, maintenance of high voltage transmission lines in narrow alleys, complex roads, or old factory areas is required. Since the existing aerial lift vehicle is made of steel, there is a risk of electric shock. Therefore, there is a need for the development of an insulated aerial lift vehicle that can prevent electric shock accidents during electrical work. In particular, the development of an insulated aerial lift vehicle is required in a recent work environment where live line work is inevitable. The development of composite insulation boom for the vertical swing type aerial lift vehicle is studied. The insulated boom was developed by applying glass fiber-epoxy composite and filament winding process. The developed insulated boom was verified by measuring dielectric breakdown strength, surface resistance and volume resistance according to ASTM D149 and ASTM D257.

Background: Forward head posture (FHP) is a postural alignment of the cervical vertebrae that leads to increased gravitational load on cervical segmental motions. The overhead arm lift test assesses the ability to actively dissociate and control low cervical flexion and move the shoulders through overhead flexion. Objects: The purpose of this study was to explore muscle activities in the upper trapezius (UT), serratus anterior (SA), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and lower trapezius (LT) alongside changes in head position during the overhead arm lift test in individuals with FHP. Methods: Fifteen subjects with forward head posture and fifteen subjects with normal subjcects were enrolled in this study. The patients performed the overhead arm lift test, and muscle activities of the UT, SCM, SA, and LT were measured using surface electromyography and by evaluating changes in head position. Independent t-tests were used to detect significant differences between the two groups and Cohen’s d was calculated to measure the size of the mean difference between the groups. Results: The FHP group demonstrated significantly increased muscle activity of the UT (32.46±7.64), SCM (12.79±4.01), and LT (45.65±10.52) and significantly decreased activity in the SA (26.65±6.15) than the normal group. The change in head position was significantly higher in the FHP group (6.66±2.08) than the normal group. Effect sizes for all parameters assessed were large between the two groups. Conclusion: The subjects with excessive FHP displayed were unable to fix their heads in position during the overhead arm lift test. The overhead arm lift test can thus be used in clinical settings to confirm control of the neck in these subjects.

PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to propose amendments to the Act on Financial Support to introduce and operate intercity buses with wheelchair lift. METHODS : The existing Act concerning required item(Vehicle modification, Terminal modification, Operating Losses) for the introduction and operation of intercity buses with wheelchair lift is reviewed, a revision of the Act is prepared for the insufficient part. RESULTS : In order to introduce intercity buses with wheelchair lifts, vehicle modifications and terminal modifications are required. If a wheelchair user rides an intercity bus equipped with a wheelchair lift, seat losses are also generated. (The space occupied by one wheelchair is equivalent to six regular intercity bus seats or three superior bus seats.) Under the existing Act, financial support for vehicle modification is possible but financial support for terminal modification and operating losses is impossible. When proposing an intercity bus with wheelchair lift, there is evidence of financial support but there is no representation of the central and local government share ratio. Therefore, this study proposes a share ratio for the central and local government with regard to the cost of vehicle modifications. It also proposes a legal basis for financial support for terminal modifications and operating losses.

본 논문에서는 마리나 항의 상하가 시설 및 장비의 형태를 분석하고 마리나 이용 대상 선박을 기준으로 기 설치된 마리나의 상하가 시설(리프트 피어)과 장비(마린 모바일 리프트)에 대한 분석을 통해 상하가 시설 및 장비의 설치기준을 마련했다. 국내에서 운항중인 선박 총톤수에 따라 요구되는 리프트 피어의 내부 간격은 35톤 선박은 5.50 m, 50톤 선박은 6.20 m이며, 이를 상하가하기 위한 마린 모바일 리프트의 내측 폭은 35톤 선박은 6.10 m, 50톤 선박은 6.80 m가 필요하다. 국내 마리나에 설치된 리프트 피어는 목표한 선박을 인양할 수 있는 곳은 2곳으로 나타났으며, 그 외 다른 마리나의 리프트 피어 내부 간격은 0.35 ~ 0.50 m가량 좁았다. 또한 운용 중인 마린 모바일 리프트 중 목표한 선박을 상하가하기 위해 필요한 내측 폭을 확보한 장비는 2개로 나타났으며, 그 외 마린 모바일 리프트 내측 폭이 0.3 ~ 0.6 m가량 부족했다.

The catch composition of commercially important species of the stationary lift net at Barangay Gines, Miagao, Iloilo, the Philippines was investigated from December 2013 to May 2014 during the different phases of the moon. A total of 486 kg of fish coming from 12 different genera, including mollusk and crustaceans, was caught and identified from the catch of the stationary lift net. Among the 12 genera identified from the catch of stationary lift net, anchovy (Stolephorus), sardines (Sardinella), squid (Loligo) and mysid shrimp (Acetes) were considered to be commercially important due to their value. Acetes catch was highest during the new moon in the month of January. Loligo catch was also high during the new moon except in the month of May. Stolephorus catch was also highest during the new moon except in the month of January. Sardinella catch was highest during the first quarter in the month of February. Full moon had the lowest catch all throughout the duration of the study while new moon had the highest catch during December 2013 to March 2014 and first quarter was the highest in the months of April and May.

Pick-up truck has the advantage that can transport more baggage by the deck. However, it is inconvenient to put loads by a high ground clearance values. In this paper, we proposed a corresponding method to the high ground clearance using 4-bar linkage lift mechanism of tailgate. In addition, the validity of the lift mechanism through the prototype test is verified.