Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), also known as keratocystic odontogenic tumor, is a distinct clinicopathologic lesion that can be clearly identified by histologic examination. Clinically, OKC is characterized by a high recurrence rate. This report describes a rare case of OKC with mural calcification in the maxilla of a 47-year-old male patient. Orthopantomography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography showed full opacification with calcification and lateral wall resorption in the left maxillary sinus, destroying the sinus floor. Hard tissue deposits have rarely been reported in the connective tissue walls of OKC. The importance of calcified material formation to the biological behavior of OKCs is unclear. Although its prognostic value has not been studied, the presence of calcification materials does not appear to increase the risk of recurrence. Study of a number of samples would be needed to determine the nature of the correlation between the presence of calcified materials and recurrence.

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor characterized by various sites of metastasis, malignant transformation, and a high recurrence rate over time. Ameloblastic carcinoma(AC) is the term reserved for an ameloblastoma with histologic evidence of malignancy in the primary tumor. AC is classified into two types: most ACs occur de novo, and only few cases of malignant transformation of ameloblastoma become apparent. Here, we report a case of AC, arising from recurrent acanthomatous ameloblastoma on the maxillary sinus, in a 60-year-old male patient. The mass was first diagnosed as acanthomatous ameloblastoma; subsequently, surgical curettage was performed thrice while partial maxillectomy was performed twice. On the fifth recurrence, the tumor was identified as AC.

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), also known as keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), is an emerging odontogenic tumor originating from the dental lamina. It is an aggressive lesion with a squamous epithelium and a recurrence rate of 15-35%.1 Radiologically, there is a clear, smooth, or shell-like border showing a unilocular or multifocal, polycystic radiographic picture. Hard tissue formation in OKC is a very rare phenomenon and occurs in the form of dystrophic calcification, cartilaginous tissue or dentinoid.2 In this article, we report the case of OKC with calcification. OKC with radiopaque lesion is very rare, these are considered as dystrophic calcification, dentinoid formation, ossification. The incidence of dystrophic calcification in recurrent OKC is low, so it can be inferred that the recurrence rate of OKC with dystrophic calcification is lower than that of conventional OKC.

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a very rare malignant neoplasm of jaw, with a significant clear cell component. It is nearly three times as common in the mandible with distinct female predominance. Past, identified as locally invasive tumor, CCOC is now considered to be malignant neoplasm, showing distant and regional lymph node metastasis. CCOC is histopathologically characterized by large glycogen-rich clear cells, often intermixed with eosinophilic cells. When diagnosing CCOC, ruling out salivary gland tumors, such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma or clear cell adenocarcinoma is important because they have overlapping histologic features with CCOC. Here in, we report a case of CCOC involving the right maxillary sinus of a 72-year-old female.

Malignant tumor of the paranasal sinus is a rare, occurring most frequently in the maxillary sinus. Carcinomas of the maxillary sinus are usually diagnosed at the advanced stage because most tumors have no symptom or nonspecific symptoms such as pain, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and epistaxis. In addition to these features, it is difficult to distinguish carcinoma from inflammatory or cystic lesion on imaging study until the carcinoma destroys the surrounding structures. Therefore, the diagnosis is prone to be delayed. Here, we report a case of an 83‐year‐old male with nonkeratinizing carcinoma on the maxillary sinus, which was initially misdiagnosed as a cystic lesion. The aim of this study is to emphasize the effort for early diagnosis in order to improve prognosis and avoid inadequate treatment

This infection includes an allergic bronchial reaction, an aspergilloma, and an invasive aspergillosis, which is more common in immunosuppressed patients and presents as multiorgan disease. The maxillary sinus is a relatively common site for formation of an aspergilloma where it forms around a nexus of foreign body. It has been indicated that the foreign body containing zinc extruded into the maxillary sinus has the potential to become infected and form an aspergilloma. The treatment of this disease is radical surgery and adjunctive systemic antifungal therapy. This is a case report of solitary aspergillosis of the right maxillary sinus. We experienced a case of right maxillary sinus aspergillosis in a 37 years old male who has dull pain on right temporal and zygoma area. We reported a case with review of literature

A 37 years old male patient had suffered from fibrous nasal polyp for more than 10 years even though careful medical treatment, and recently aggravated with severe nasal stiffness and pain. In the radiological observation the lesion was continuously extended into the ipsilateral maxillary sinus by poly cystic radiopacities gradually destroying the anterior wall of antrum. During the Caldwell-Luc operation a cystic fibrous granulomatous tissue was removed, and its microsections showed multicystic and tunnel-like spaces, of which lumens were usually round and filled with parts of parasitic worm e xhibiting parasitic t eguments and eggs. The granulomatous l esion showed relatively mild inflammatory reaction with the infiltration of eosinophilic PMNs. The histological features of tunnel-like penetration of parasitic worms, and their teguments and eggs were competent with the diagnosis of sparganosis. Especially, although the patient had no experience of raw foods such as frog or snake, he used to drink the untreated natural stream water obtained in the mountain area of Gangwon prefecture in Korea. Therefore, the present study demonstrated a rare lesion of antral spanganosis, and we suppose that the frequent incident of oral sparganosis in Gangwon prefecture is possibly related to the usage of untreated stream water in the mountain area of Gangwon prefecture in Korea

Mucous retention cyst (MRC) is not uncommon in the pathology of maxillary sinus, which should be differentially diagnosed from chronic maxillary sinusitis. The main stream of diagnosis usually depends on the clinical symptoms and radiological findings. Thus it was sometimes puzzling to confirm the histological features of mucous retention phenomenon in the antral mucosa, when the specimen was from a limited portion or much degenerated by inflammatory reaction. This study aims to define the histopathological features of MRC through reevaluation of MRCs (n=19) and maxillary sinusitis (n=65) diagnosed previously. The present study classified three types of MRC, i.e., an extravasation type, a luminal retention type, and a mixed type of MRC. The extravasation type MRC showed clear pseudocyst cavity under sinus mucosa with infiltration of foamy macrophage, and the luminal retention type MRC showed mucous retention in the luminal cavity of maxillary sinus accompanied with inflammatory reaction, and the mixed type MRC showed the both features of extravasation and luminal retention type MRCs. Resultantly, among nineteen cases of MRC only three cases belonged to the extravasation type MRC, eleven cases belonged to luminal retention type MRC, and three cases belonged to mixed type MRC, while two cases were turned out to be postoperative residual cysts of maxillary sinus. The MRCs examined in this study showed different pathological features from ordinary maxillary sinusitis, exhibiting the typical mucin retention phenomenon of extravasation type or luminal retention type with relatively mild inflammatory reaction with infiltration of mucin-pooled macrophages. However, the luminal retention type MRC was predominant among the MRCs (11/17, 64.7%) and each of the extravasation and mixed type MRCs was only three cases out of 17 MRCs (17.6%). The extravasation type MRC characteristically produces a pseudocyst by the overexpressions of matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Because not only the pathogenetic mechanism but also the prognosis of MRC is different from chronic maxillary sinusitis, we suggest that the MRC of maxillary sinus should be classified into extravasation, luminal retention, and mixed types in the histological observations in addition to the clinical and radiological informations.

Zygomycosis and aspergillosis are representative filamentous fungal infections in the sinonasal region. However, their combined form seldom occurs. This report describes one case of zygomycosis and aspergillosis occurring in a patient that did not have diabetes or any other immunocompromising conditions. The patient presented with a history of intermittent swelling and pus discharge from the gingiva of the right maxillary posterior teeth. The radiographs demonstrated a periapical radiolucency around the right maxillary first molar, together with mild haziness and mucosal thickening of the right maxillary sinus. U nder t he c linical impression o f odontogenic sinusitis, a Caldwell-Luc operation was performed. However, the final diagnosis based on microscopic examination was combined zygomycosis and aspergillosis. Previous studies of zygomycosis occurring alone describe a very aggressive clinical course, including necrosis of tissue,cranial nerve involvement and death. Our patient did not show any of these symptoms, and recovered after surgical debridement only. It can be concluded from the present case that the prognosis of fungal infections depends on the immune status of the host, rather than behavior of the fungi.

Although the diagnostic rate of organizing hematoma has increased, any crucial characteristic findings are not fully understood and elucidated. Even though it is a non-neoplastic lesion, radiological image findings can range from a benign expansile appearance to a more aggressive form such as bony erosion, which sometimes can make any confusion. Thus, clinician should make a diagnosis thoroughly based on the histopathologic finding. Here, we presented two cases of organizing hematoma of the maxillary sinus mimicking chronic rhinosinusitis.