정삼투 공정에 유용한 유도용질로서 diethyl malonate를 사용한 citrate 계열의 유기 화합물을 합성하였다. 최종적으로 얻은 potassium pentane-1,3,3,5-tetracarboxylate는 1H-NMR과 13C-NMR을 통하여 확인하였다. 유도용질의 물성을 확인 하기 위해 삼투압, 용해도, 수투과도, 역염 투과도를 측정하였다. 합성한 유도용액을 사용하여 정삼투 공정을 진행한 결과, 동일한 citrate 계열인 trisodium citrate 및 tripotassium citrate보다 높은 수투과량을 나타내었으며 염의 역확산 정도는 NaCl에 비하여 매우 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 합성된 유도용질의 삼투압은 NaCl보다 약 25% 낮았으나 물에 대한 용해도는 NaCl의 8.8 배인 317 g/100 g water의 값을 나타내었다. 정삼투 종료 후 유도용질의 회수를 위해 상용화된 나노여과막을 사용하였고, 낮은 압력에서 효율적으로 회수가 가능하였다.

The photocatalytic decomposition characteristics of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and n-pentane mixed with ethyl acetate (EA) by cylindrical UV reactor installed with TiO2-coated perforated plane were studied. The effects of the residence time, the inlet gas concentration, and the oxygen concentration were investigated. The removal efficiency of n-pentane was increased with increasing the residence time and the oxygen concentration, but decreased with increasing the inlet concentration of n-pentane. The photocatalytic decomposition rates of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with MEK, and n-pentane mixed with EA fitted well on Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics equation. The maximum elimination capacities of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with MEK, and n-pentane mixed with EA were obtained to be 465 g/m3․day, 217 g/m3․day, and 320 g/m3․day, respectively. The presence of coexisting MEK and EA vapor had a negative effect on the photocatalytic decomposition of n-pentane and the negative effect of MEK was higher than that of EA.