Korean agricultural industry has weakened as demand for domestic agricultural products has declined due to accelerating market liberalization, aging and shrinking of rural population, and stagnating rural households’ incomes. On the other hand, as the forth industrial revolution unfolds in earnest, tremendous changes are expected, and those changes won’t be confined to certain industries but would shaken the world we know of entirely. Smart farm, which is one example of the fourth industrial revolution, is increasingly being recognized as a new growth engine for the future as smart farm and the science and technology behind it, not the size of arable land, will determine competitiveness of the agricultural industry and drive agricultural productivity and managerial efficiency. In consideration that John W. Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework has recently been presented as an important theoretical model in the policy field, this study analyzed problem stream, policy stream, and political stream in the process of forming the smart farm policy, and looked into what role the government played as policy entrepreneur in policy window. The smart farm policy was put on policy agenda by the government and was approved when the government announced the Smart Farm Plan together with relevant ministries at the 5th Economy-Related Ministers’ Meeting held in April 2018. This suggests that change of the government is the most critical factor in political stream, and explicitly indicates the importance of politics in formation of an agricultural policy. In addition, actual outcome of the policy and how policy alternatives that will enhance people’s understanding will support it seem to be the key to success. It also shows that it is important that policy alternatives be determined based on sufficient discussion amongst stakeholders.

The purpose of this study is to propose the policies for preservation, formation and management of Korean rural landscape. For this, the current rural landscape policies are examined and recent legislative changes are also surveyed. The Landscape Law and the Comprehensive Countermeasures for Rural Landscape Improvement are the most significant changes. The proposed issues are as follows: 1. the establishment of rural landscape planning system, 2. the arrangement of the criteria and guideline for rural landscape planning and design, 3. the re-arrangement of the rural landscape index and landscape map, 4. the survey and management of the rural landscape amenity, 5. the revitalization of the landscape projects for rural area, 6. the pragmatic connection with other law and system(especially the Landscape Law), 7. the education and cultivation of the rural landscape expert groups.