High-pressure membrane system like nanofiltration(NF) and reverse osmosis(RO) was investigated as a part of water treatment processes to produce high quality potable water with low organic matter concentration through membrane module tests and design simulation. River water and sand filtration permeate in Busan D water treatment plant were selected as feed water, and NE4040-90 and RE4040-Fen(Toray Chemical Korea) were used as NF and RO membranes, respectively. Total organic carbon(TOC) concentrations of NF and RO permeates were mostly below 0.5 mg/l and the average TOC removal rates of NF and RO membranes were 93.99% and 94.28%, respectively, which means NF used in this study is competitive with RO in terms of organic matter removal ability. Different from ions rejection tendency, the TOC removal rate increases at higher recovery rates, which is because the portion of higher molecular weight materials in the concentrated raw water with increasing recovery rate increases. Discharge of NF/RO concentrates to rivers may not be acceptable because the increased TDS concentration of the concentrates can harm the river eco-system. Thus, the idea of using NF/RO concentrate as the raw water for industrial water production was introduced. The design simulation results with feed water and membranes used in this work reveal that the raw water guideline can be satisfied if the recovery rate of NF/RO system is designed below 80%.

This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) based simulation and experimental tracer test of flow pattern and turbulent energy dissipation inside a serpentine flocculation basin with continuous operation. Research focused on the evaluation of a specific flow pattern on the hydraulic behavior on the flocculation basin. From the results of CFD simulation and actual tracer test, both results were in good accordance with each other. Also, each Morill index were calculated as 1.5 from CFD simulation and 1.7 from actual tracer test, respectively. Especially, turbulence energy was dissipated relatively higher in the vicinity of inlet to the flocculation basin than other region. The differences between the CFD simulation and actual tracer test were 1.4 min in T50, and 1.3 min in Tp, respectively.

2009년 1월 3일부터 12월 1일까지 11개월간 공업용수를 주변지역에 공급하는 A정수장 응집침전조의 상등수를 대상으로 실험을 진행한 본 연구는 RO막 전처리 장치로서의 압력식 섬유여과기인 PCF 여과기 2대를 직렬연결한 공정의 적용 가능성을 평가한 것이다. 성능평가는 SDI (Silt Density Index)를 통해 간접적으로 RO막에 대한 전처리 성능을 평가하였다. 실험 기간 동안 PCF Filter로 유입된 원수의 탁도는 평균 0.79 (0.28~4.01) NTU이었으며, 처리수의 탁도는 평균 0.16(0.04~0.50) NTU로 탁도 제거효율은 평균 77%이었다. 일일 평균 처리유량은 약 230 ㎥/day고 평균 역세유량은 8.7 ㎥/day로 평균 역세수량은 3.8%로 나타났다. 여과수의 탁도 및 SDI 값은 측정 전 보관시간에 따라 증가하는데 이번 실험에서 몇몇 시료는 1~11일 동안 보관한 후 탁도 및 SDI가 측정되었으며, 이들 전체의 평균 SDI 값은 3.6 (2.26~5.00)으로 RO 제조업체에서 RO의 수명보증을 위해 통상 요구하는 SDI 값인 5.0 이하를 나타내었다. 따라서 RO 전처리공정의 SDI 측면에서 2단 섬유여과 공정이 적합함을 알 수 있었다.

In this paper several advantage of RO/NF technologies have been described. However, it should be noted that membrane technology does not solve all the water treatment problems encountered in municipalities. Membranes can provide effective and highly optimized solutions when integrated with conventional technologies such as coagulation, sand filtration, and activated carbon treatments.

This study was designed to investigate the content of inorganic nitrogen(NH4, NO3) and its change in the 7 different sites; the permanent meadows of alfalfa, orchardgrass, and reed canarygrass, the fields of rye. corn, rice and a mountain region. th

Poly(DADM) was synthesized for the drinking water treatment. Poly(DADM) was produced by the free radical polymerization of diallyldimethylammonium chloride(DADM) monomer and its properties were characterized. The effects of monomer concentration, initiator concentration and reaction time on synthesis of poly(DADM) were investigated. Poly(DADM) flocculant was applied to Nak-dong river water to examine its efficiency in reducing turbidity. The synthesized poly(DADM) was effective as flocculant for drinking water treatment. The addition of 1 ㎎/L.of poly(DADM) flocculant caused the reduction of 50 % PAC(polyaluminium chloride).