이 연구의 목적은 소득에 따른 베이커리 제품 구매 속성과 형태에 대해서 조사하였으며, 일반적인 사항에서 전체 1,235명 중에서 여성이 59.6%, 남성이 40.4%로 여성이 남성보다 다소 많았다. 베이커리 제품 구매 속성에서 ‘건강관심형’이 40.0%로 가장 많았고, 거주지에서는 대도시 거주자가 ‘맛 관심형'이 35.8%인 반면에 중소도시 거주자는 ‘건강 관심형'(p<0.001)의 45.4%로(p<0.001), 소득이 높을 수록 건강에 대한 관심이 높았다(p<0.001). 베이커리 제품을 구매하는 소비자들은 ‘맛’ 67.1%, ‘영양’ 13.7%, ‘가격’ 7.8% 순으로 거주지에 따라 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.01). 베이커리 이용형태에서는 프랜차이즈 베이커리가 71.1%, 윈도우 베이커리 14.6%, 인스토어 베이커리 8.4%였다.

When social media users post their opinion on social media, they might expect to receive a favorable evaluation from others (e.g., ‘like’ on Facebook and ‘heart’ on Instagram). On the contrary, when users read and evaluate other’s posts, they are less likely to care about others. What’s more, if users spend more time on social media, posting would make them more care about others. This research answers the question ‘Does social media interaction alter the way we perceive value and affect different choice? Three studies show 1) how social media interaction affects consumers’ luxury value perception and the mediating role of social media self-view (interdependent vs. independent self), 2) how main effect and mediated relationship are different between two groups divided by participants’ time spent on social media (high vs. low: ±1 SD) and 3) how the type of social media interaction (post vs. “like”) affects handbag choice between social and functional luxury-superior option.

The study is aimed to find out the influencing factors when consumers decide to choose products with low quality. The result indicates that major considered factors should be short life cycle, low quality, design, price and purchase intention, while price be considered as the one which has significant effect on consumers’ choices of accepting low quality, as well as product design. Most companies put the market share at the vital position, in traditional commercial thinking, high quality always means that products will be accepted by most customers; but now it is totally different. We take fast fashion industry and mobile phone industry as examples and choose fsQCA as the methodology to analyses the relationship between variable and result. Most of the customers are pursuing for high quality with low price (Dodds et al., 1991; Alfred, 2013; Shirai, 2015). But the companies are difficult to make the high quality products have low price. The companies can have the high quality advantage. However, quality is not the only factor to make the products with high price, design, corporate culture and brand can also be the factors (Homburg et al., 2015). How to make the consumers accept the low quality in short lifecycle product (e.g. fast fashion or high-tech industry), which means consumers may purchase new product to replace the old one before it has problems. In our study, we collect these data from customers via questionnaire. And use fsQCA to analyze the relationship between price, design and short lifecycle, all these influencing factors and customer purchase intention on low quality product. And we have some findings. Sometimes, low quality products can help companies achieve success by bringing income and satisfy consumers’ needs of goods and services in affordable price. From company’s aspect, low quality products are more affordable than those of high quality, so these products will win larger market share and promote fast fashion items to sell fast. While customers sometimes demand more products with good design, at the same time, they cannot bear the expensive items, low quality products can achieve balanced between demands and consuming ability. This means both companies and customers can get win-win situation.

이 연구의 목적은 서울 지역 소비자들의 베이커리 제품 구매자들의 구매 속성과 형태를 성별과 세대에 따라서 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다 : 일반적 사항에서 전체 654명 중에서 남성이 46.6%, 여성이 53.4%로 여성이 남성보다 좀 더 많았다. 베이커리 제품의 구매속성에서 식생활 유형은 ‘미각 관심형’이 35.6%로 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로 ‘건강 관심형’이 35.2%, ‘편리 관심형’이 16.8%순이었다. 베이커리 제품의 구매 기준은 맛이 79.1%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, ‘영양’ 10.2%, ‘가격’ 6.6%, ‘위생’ 5.5% 순이었으며, 성별에 따라서 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.01). 베이커리 이용 형태에서 프랜차이즈 베이커리가 71.1%, 윈도우 베이커리 13.3%, 인스토어 베이커리 8.4%순으로 이용하였으며. 성별에서 유의미하였다(p<0.001).

이 연구는 부정감정인 좌절에 주목하고, 좌절감정을 유발시키는 원인을 탐색하였으며, 좌절한 소비자가 좌절 을 극복하는 과정을 식별하고, 또 제품을 선택하는 경우에 디자인의 심미성 선호도의 제품선택에 대한 영향을 살펴보았다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 좌절은, 실패의 원인이 소비자가 통제할 수 있을 때 느껴지는 분노와 다르게, 목적달성의 실패가 확실하 고 실패의 원인이 소비자가 통제할 수 없는 환경요인에 있을 때 느끼는 것으로 탐색되었다. 둘째, 좌절을 느낀 소비자는, 재도전을 통해 실패상황을 적극적으로 극복하기 보다는, 자신의 실패상황에 대한 감정적 지지와 위로를 가까운 지인으로부터 받아서 실패상황을 감정적으로 극복하려 한다. 셋째, 좌절을 느낀 소비자는 제품의 선택 에서 제품의 디자인이 강조심미성 보다는 조화 심미성을 느끼게 할 때에 더 선호한다. 따라서 마케팅관리자가 좌절을 느낀 소비자에게 자신의 제품을 소구할 때에 제품 디자인에서 강조원리보다 조화의 원리에 의한 접근이 필요하다.

This research studied the effect of underwear’s product cues (style, fabric and price) on consumer choice by using conjoint and consumer neural response (EEG). The results reveal that female prefers bikini style and silk fabrics while male likes brief and boxer. In addition, male more relies on price than female.

본 연구에서는 구매 의사결정에서 소비자가 심미성과 사용성 중 어느 제품 속성에 우선적인 가치를 부여하고 제품을 선택하는지 알아본다. 최근 독일에서 진행된 연구에 의하면, 사람들은 외관 디자인이 뛰어난 제품을 선호하지만 실제로 제품을 선택할 때는 심미성을 상대적으로 중시하지 않았다(Diefenbach & Hassenzahl, 2009). 개인적 가치를 중시하는 개인주의 문화(예, 독일)에 비하여 집단주의 문화(예, 한국)에서는 타인으로부터 인정받는 것을 매우 중시한다. 한국에서는 사람들이 인지하기 쉬운 제품 속성(심미성)이 그렇지 않은 제품 속성(사용성)보다 우선될 것이다. 독일에서 실시된 연구를 한국에서 동일한 절차로 재연한 결과, 예상한대로 참가자들은 심미성에 우선적인 가치를 두고 제품을 선택하였다. 참가자들은 심미성에 있어서는 가격이 비싸더라도 심미성이 높은 제품을 더 많이 선택한 반면, 사용성에 있어서는 사용성이 높지 않더라도 가격이 싼 제품을 더 많이 선택하였다(연구 1). 심미성과 사용성이 상충하는 경우에는 사용성이 낮더라도 심미성이 높은 제품을 더 많이 선택하였다(연구 2). 개인의 사회인정 욕구를 살펴본 결과, 심미성이 높은 제품을 선택한 참가자는 심미성이 낮은 제품을 선택한 참가자보다 사회인정 욕구가 높았으나 사용성에 있어서는 그러한 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

The purpose of this study is to derive various clues for the establishment of marketing strategies for companies that produce and sell high-involvement products for Millennials who are not the subject of current consumption but who will lead future consumption. For this purpose, this study aimed to derive 17 factors of high-involvement product selection attributes through FGI, and its relationship on repurchase intention after make a variable through PCA. A total of 158 valid questionnaires were used, and IPA, independent sample t-test, regression analysis, and hierarchical controlled regression analysis were performed. The results showed that overall, external and internal selection factors had a positive influence on repurchase intentions, and in particular, appealing to internal and external selection factors in order to promote repurchase intention. Meanwhile, the Millennials were found to have no gender difference. Therefore, the company producing and selling high-involvement products suggests that it is necessary to make a priority effort to secure brand awareness, trust in product producers, store trust, and product self-reputation as components of internal selection factors. It was also concluded that more strategic efforts were needed to focus on and appeal to the characteristics of the Millennial itself rather than to consider gender differences.

Purpose: Understanding which product types of overseas travel (free independent travel vs. package travel) consumers will choose is one of the key issues of marketing and consumer behavior in travel agency management. Prior studies on overseas travel type preferences mainly focused on comparing regional differences (e.g., Asian vs. Westerner, or Korean vs. Australian, or Korean vs. Japanese, or American, French, Italian vs. Japanese) influencing the choice of overseas travel type. Another researchers focused on comparing cultural differences (e.g., individualism vs. collectivism, or individualistic culture vs. collectivistic culture), subcultural difference (e.g., acculturation; Koreans living in Republic of Korea vs. Koreans living in Australia), travel lifestyle, and socio-demographics (e.g., age, gender, income level, education level, marital status, occupation etc.). However, there are few studies that identify individual psychological differences (i.e., individual psychological differences within the same culture) influencing the choice of overseas travel type. Self-construal is a psychological factors that greatly influences choice behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of self-construal as an antecedent variable influencing choice of overseas travel product type. Research design, data and methodology: To achieve the purpose of this study, the questionnaire survey method was used. Selfconstrual items composed of independent self-construal items and interdependent self-construal items. Product types of overseas travel were free independent travel (FIT) type versus package travel type. In this study, the correlation coefficient between independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal was nonsignificant. It meant that the relationship between independent self-construal and interdependent selfconstrual was orthogonal. Therefore it was analyzed that independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal separately. Reliability analysis, factor analysis, and logistic regression analysis (controlling gender and age) was used as the data analysis method. Results: According to the results of this study, the stronger independent self-construal, the more preference for the free independent travel type rather than package travel, and the stronger interdependent self-construal, the more preference for the package travel type rather than free independent travel. Conclusions: Self-construal is an antecedent variable influencing the choice of travel type. Travel agencies must consider the consumer’s selfconstrual (independent self-construal vs. interdependent self-construal) before planning and designing overseas travel products.