Among service industries of knowledge based economic era, the roles of educational service field are becoming more important and standard of educational service makes a direct effect on economic development and social growth. Therefore, accurate measurement of service quality is the most important assignment and the measurement of the service quality remains difficult assignment. So, this researcher classified quality attributes applying weighted value and found potential satisfaction level(PSL) and potential customer demand improvement index(PCDI) for trainees participating in national manpower business so as to suggest measurement of service quality and easiness of use and then, calculated satisfaction position and opportunity cost by quality factor with Taguchi’s loss fraction. And, improvable satisfaction level was measured, opportunity cost by degree of customer dissatisfaction was quantitatively measured, and a model that can indicate with economic factors was suggested. In addition, methodology of measuring quality cost that can be reduced by quality improvement and direction of strategic decision-making for deciding items to be improved preferentially were suggested with qualitative index that can indicate the degree of customers’ dissatisfaction by loss.

방사선조사기술은 기존의 물리·화학적인 식물검역 방법의 대안 중의 하나로 여겨진다. 본 연구는 식물검역의 목적으로 1000 Gy 이하의 감마선 조사가 국내 주요 수출 농산물인 딸기의 이화학적, 관능적 품질 특성 및 유기성분 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이었다. 감마선 조사는 딸기의 부패율과 중량손실률을 감소시켰으며, pH, 산도, 수분활성도, 가용성 고형분 함량 변화에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 경도의 경우에도 조사 직후 유의적인 감소는 있었으나, 저장기간에 경과함에 따라 상쇄되었으며, 주요 페놀산 및 플라보노이드 함량 변화에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 반면, 감마선 조사는 딸기의 안토시아닌 생합성을 억제시켜 과일의 색도 변화를 지연시켰으며, 저장 9일째 비조사구보다 높은 관능적 선호도를 부여하였다. 결론적으로 딸기에 대한 1000 Gy 이하의 감마선 조사는 비조사구 대비 유익한 품질상승효과를 나타내는 것으로 관찰되었다.

해양심층수는 수심 200 m보다 깊은 심층(深層)에 위치하고 있어 차가운 온도를 유지하고 있으며, 대장균 및 일반세균 등에 의해서도 오염 되지 않은 깨끗한 해수이다. 해양심층수는 산업적 가치가 높은 재생순환형 자원이기 때문에 이를 상업적으로 이용하기 위한 활동이 활발히 전개되고 있다. 해양심층수를 기존 식육가공품의 염지제 대체제로서, 최적인 해양심층수 처리수를 적용한 시제품을 일반 식육가공품 소세지와 비교하여 안전성과 품질특성, 미네랄 함량차이를 알아보았다. 이를 통하여 해양심층수의 염지액 대체제로서의 가능성을 검토하고 이를 이용하여 제작한 식육가공품의 품질을 검토한 결과, 안전성과 품질특성에서는 일반 식육가공품 소세지와 차이가 없었으나, 미네랄 함량은 해양심층수를 적용한 축산가공품이 더 높았다. 이를 통하여 해양심층수는 소금의 대체제와 청정미네랄로 그 활용도가 높아서 해양심층수를 이용한 새로운 식품시장이 크게 활성화될 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 식품공전 규격 검사에 의한 안전성 평가 시험방법을 이용하여 품질검사항목 분석에 의한 품질특성 평가 및 유통기한 경과에 의한 안정성을 검토하고, 시험군과 대조군간의 미네랄 함량 시험을 진행하여 그 함량을 비교, 분석한 결과 후속 연구를 통한 식품, 의약품 및 축산업에 다양하고 차별화된 식육가공품을 제조할 수 있는 가능성이 있다고 판단하였다.

Successful business models have some shared attributes or features. The quality of the business model can be used to determine the feasibility and potential of the business model, which can help make decisions on how to invest and risk prevention. However, the business model is not static, but changes with external factors such as demand, competition, technology, macro policies, and internal factors such as business goals, strategies, and resources. Therefore, the requirements of the quality attributes of the business model at each stage are different. Dynamic evaluation of business model quality is essential for the development of any enterprises, but on the emerging issue, academic research has greatly lagged behind the needs of business practices. Fist in this paper, the generation and evolution of the business model is divided into four stages: blueprint design, practical modeling, application copying, and transformational change. Then, based on reviewing literature, seven key attributes of business model quality are identified, namely, uniqueness, complementary, novelty, certainty, scalability, win-win and matching degree. Thereafter, by using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA), some configurations of key attributes of business model quality are identified, which are considered critical paths for the business success. Finally, the theory of dynamic evaluation of business model quality has been put forward and used to assess the sample business model.

Despite important theoretical implications seldom research exist regarding the impact of luxury parent brand status signaling on the evaluation of horizontal line extension through the moderating role of extension authenticity, quality and fit. The luxury literature review revealed that despite important theoretical implications seldom research exist regarding the impact of luxury parent brand status signaling on the evaluation of horizontal line extension through the moderating role of extension authenticity, quality and fit. Research has examined how consumers use luxury goods to signal their status or relative position in social hierarchies (Berger & Ward 2010; Dubois et al., 2012; Geiger-Oneto et al., 2013; Kastanakis, & Balabanis, 2014) but until the current study the luxury literature could not support the extent to which status signaling impact line extension’s evaluation through the moderating role of extension authenticity (Spiggle, Nguyen, & Caravella, 2012; Beverland & Farrelly, 2010; Morhart et al., 2015; Guèvremont & Grohmann, 2016). Previous studies have found that authenticity can be to emotional attachment (Morhart et al., 2015), help pursue personal goals (Beverland & Farrelli, 2010), or relevant to brand identity, status and equity (Guevremont & Grohmann, 2016). Surprisingly, none of these studies has empirically tested this important relationship. This study’s contribution to the literature is important as it empirically confirms that in launching a new line extension, a luxury parent brand’s status signaling will directly impact the extension’s evaluation. In the process, the perceived authenticity of the extension proves to affect the evaluation significantly if the perceived quality and fit of the extension are taken into consideration in the measurement framework.

PURPOSES: The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of panels that affect the evaluating results of riding quality and to evaluate the appropriateness of roughness management criteria based on ride comfort satisfaction. METHODS: In order to analyze the influence of panel characteristics of riding quality, 33 panels, consisting of civilians and experts, were selected. Also, considering the roughness distribution of the expressway, 35 sections with MRI ranging from 1.17 m/km to 4.65 m/km were selected. Each panel boarded a passenger car and evaluated the riding quality with grades from 0 to 10, and assessed whether it was satisfied or not. After removing outlier results using a box plot technique, 964 results were analyzed. An ANOVA was conducted to evaluate the effects of panel expertise, age, driving experience, vehicle ownership, and gender on the evaluation results. In addition, by using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, the MRI value, which can most accurately evaluate the satisfaction with riding quality, was derived. Then, the compatibility of MRI was evaluated using AUC as a criterion to assess whether the riding quality was satisfactory. RESULTS: Only the age of the panel participants were found to have an effect on the riding quality satisfaction. It was found that satisfaction with riding quality and MRI are strongly correlated. The satisfaction rate of roughness management criteria on new (MRI 1.6 m/km) and maintenance (MRI 3.0 m/km) expressways were 95% and 53%, respectively. As a result of evaluating the roughness management criteria by using the ROC curve, it was found that the accuracy of satisfaction was the highest at MRI 3.1-3.2 m/km. In addition, the AUC of the MRI was about 0.8, indicating that the MRI was an appropriate index for evaluating the riding quality satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results, the distribution of the panels’age should be considered when panel rating is conducted. From the results of the ROC curve, MRI of 3.0 m/km, which is a criterion of roughness management on maintenance expressways, is considered as appropriate.

For several decades, attribute classification methods using the asymmetrical relationship between an attribute performance and the satisfaction of that attribute have been explored by numerous researchers. In particular, the Kano model, which classifies quality attributes into 5 elements using simple questionnaire and two-dimensional evaluation table, has gained popularity: Attractive, One-dimensional, Must-be, Indifferent, and Reverse quality. As Kano's model is well accepted, many literatures have introduced categorization methods using the Kano's evaluation table at attribute level. However, they applied different terminologies and classification criteria and this causes confusion and misunderstanding. Therefore, a criterion for quality classification at attribute level is necessary. This study is aimed to suggest a new attribute classification method that sub-categorizes quality attributes using 5-point ordinal point and Kano's two-dimensional evaluation table through an extensive literature review. For this, the current study examines the intrinsic and extrinsic problems of the well-recognized Kano model that have been used for measuring customer satisfaction of products and services. For empirical study, the author conducted a comparative study between the results of Kano's model and the proposed method for an e-learning case (33 attributes). Results show that the proposed method is better in terms of ease of use and understanding of kano's results and this result will contribute to the further development of the attractive quality theory that enables to understand both the customers explicit and implicit needs.

국내에서 육성된 중생종 동양배 품종인 ‘창조’는 성숙 기간 중 지속적으로 과실이 비대하여 600g대의 편원형 과실로 발달하였다. 성숙기간 중 경도는 경시적으로 저하되어 만개 후 153일인 9월 13일에 32.58N으로 조사되었고 만개 후 160일에는 26.44N으로 급격히 경도가 저하되었다. 식감과 관련된 품질요인 중 과실의 전분함 량은 만개 후 153일에 0.737, 만개 후 160일에 0.451로 전분함량이 급속히 감소하였고, 과육의 세포벽함량을 조사하였던 결과, 과실비대가 증가하고 과실성숙의 진행과 더불어 알코올불용성물질 함량은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 과피색차 중 적색도(a*)는 만개 후 139일 이후 양의 값을 보여 외관상의 과피녹색 발현이 소실되었는데 과피의 SPAD 값을 조사한 결과에서도 동일하게 엽록소의 감소를 확인할 수 있었다. Hue angle 역시 성숙과 연화 기간 중 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 보여 수확시기의 지 표로 활용 가능하다고 판단되었다. 성숙기간 중 과육 내에 축적되는 당 성분을 분석한 결과, 만개 후 153일에 총량이 최대치를 보였는데 전 생육시기에 걸쳐 전체 당 성분 중 과당이 우점하고 있었고, 과실성숙도가 높아질 수록 자당의 비율이 유의하게 증가하여 만개 후 160일 에 수확한 과실에서는 자당이 과당을 넘어 우점하여 과숙단계로 생각되었다. 따라서, 배 신품종 ‘창조’의 적정 수확시기는 만개 후 153일인 9월 13일 이전으로 평가되었고 수확시기를 놓친 경우에는 경도 등 과실의 품질이 급격하게 하락하는 것으로 사료되었다. 대만 지역 수출 을 모의하여 단기수송온도 설정을 위한 수확 후 저온순화 실험을 실시한 결과, 만개 후 146일에 수확한 과실이 만개 후 153일에 수확한 과실에 비하여 25oC 유통 후 높은 경도를 유지하는 경향을 보였고 최종 수송 목표 온도인 5oC로 저하되는 속도가 느릴수록 과육장해의 발 생심도 및 에틸렌발생량이 높은 경향을 보였으므로 ‘창조’ 품종에 있어 동남아 지역 수출 시 생리장해 및 과실 품질 유지를 위해서는 수확시기를 만개 후 146일 이전 에 설정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 ‘창조’ 배의 목적별 수확시기 결정 및 과실의 선별 기술에 일조하고 수출 시장에서의 한국산 배의 신인도 확보에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

In this study, the homogeneity and stability of standard samples for proficiency testing in indoor air quality within the country (formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, styrene, TVOC) were evaluated. The procedures and statistical analysis methods applied in ISO/IEC 13528 (2009) and KS A ISO Guide 35 (2005) were applied as evaluation methods. The homogeneity evaluation was a statistical analysis of repeated measurements of each of the 11 ports and between the 11 ports concentration data. As a result, the coefficient of variation (CV) was within the range of 1.9%~5.9%. The difference between the ports was found to be insignificant and met the statistical standard specified in KS Q ISO 13528. The stability evaluation was assessed by the change in concentration over the long-term stability of the standard samples stored for 90 days. The coefficient of variation (CV), which was within the range of 2.6%~9.0%, exhibited changes in the concentration of the long-term stored standard samples. However, the results satisfy the statistical standard specified in KS A ISO Guide 35. Overall, there is no significant difference between the homogeneity of the standard samples by the port and the stability of the long-term stored samples. Therefore, it is considered to be an appropriate method to supply standard samples in an indoor air quality proficiency test.

PURPOSES: This study aims to evaluate the effects of vehicle dynamic behaviors on ride quality. METHODS: Simulation and field test were conducted to analyze the behavior of a driving vehicle. The simulation program CarSIM was applied and an INS (Inertial Navigation System) was used for field experiments. A small simulator was developed to simulate vehicle behavior such as roll, pitch, and bounce. The panels evaluated the ride quality in five stages from “very satisfied”to “very dissatisfied.”Experiments were conducted on a total of 144 cases of vehicle behavior combinations. RESULTS: In both simulation and field tests, pitch is the largest and yaw the smallest. Especially in the field test, the amount of yaw is very low, about 7% of pitch and 18% of roll. The sensitive and extensive analysis conducted related ride quality with changing the frequency and amplitude. It was found that the most sensitive frequency range is 8 Hz across all amplitudes. Moreover, the combination of the roll and bounce was most sensitive to the ride quality at the low-frequency range. CONCLUSIONS: This result show that the vertical vehicle behavior (bounce) as well as the rotational behavior (roll and pitch) are highly correlated with ride quality. Therefore, it is expected that a more reasonable roughness index can be developed through a combination of vertical and rotational vehicle behavior.