Scythropiodes 속은 종전까지 Odites 속의 synonym으로 처리되어왔던 속으로 우리나라에서는 3종이 보고되어 왔었다. 금번 연구결과로 한국으로부터 S. hamatellus sp. nov 을 신종으로 기재하고, 중국으로부터 S. oncinius sp. nov., S. elasmatus sp. nov., S. jiulianae sp. nov., S. barbellatus sp. nov., S. gnophus sp. nov., 그리고 S. triangulus sp. novo 등 6종을 신종으로 기재 발표한다. 그리고 xenophaea Meyrick은 malivora (Meyrick)로, choricopa Meyrick은 approximans (Caradja)로 그 학명 을 수정하며, S. ussuriella Lovovky와 S. issikii (Takahashi)를 우리나라 미기록종으로 확인하였다. 또한 malivora (Meyrick) 유충의 기주식물로 밤나무와 배롱나무가 우리나라에서 확인되었다. 결과적으로 중국과 우리나라에 분포하는 Scythropiodes 속은 14종으로 확인되었으며, 이들 종에 대한 검색표와 성충 암.수생식기를 도해하였다.

산애기잎말이나방족(잎말이나방과)중 다음의 우리나라 미기록 7종을 보고한다. 이들의 형태적 특징을 간략히 기술하고 암수생식기의 특징을 도해하였다: Apotomis inundana([Denis et Schiffermuller]) 회색무늬애기잎말이나방(신칭), Eudemopsis tokui Kawabe 둥근점애기잎말이나방(신칭), Hedya tsushimanensis Kawabe흰점애기잎말이나방(신칭), Hedya vicinane(Ragonot) 검정큰날개애기잎말이나방(신칭), Hystrichosolus spathanum Walsingham 무느참나무애기잎말이나방(신칭), Olethreutes lacunana([Denis et Schiffermuller]) 무궁화애기잎말이나방(신칭), Pristerognatha penthiana(Guenee) 봉숭아애기잎말이나방(신칭).

According to historical records, Woon-Ju-Sa temple in Hwa-Soon, Chollanamdo, have had one thousand stone buddhas and one thousand stone pagodas, located south-west hill side of Woon-Ju-Sa is the Seven-Star-Stone(SSS). It consist of seven circular rocks with varying sizes that form a pattern similar to the constellation Ursa Major. SSS(Seven Star Stone) is an important astronomical remain because it might be one of the oldest records showing stellar brightness in Korea. We have compared the sizes of 888s with the magnitudes of stars of Ursa Major. It is found that the sizes of SSSs do roughly represent the magnitudes of Ursa Major stars in a way consistent with the magnitude scale used in Chun-Sang-Yul-Cha-Bun-Ya-Ji-Do(天象列次分野之圖) of Chosun.

한국산 Dichomeris속은 18종으로 정리되며 각 종의 외부형태, 분포 및 생활사에 관한 전반적인 내용을 정리, 보고한다. 이중 7종을 신종으로 기재하며, 3종은 우리나라에서 처음으로 보고되는 미기록종들이었다. 신종으로 기재되는 7종은 lespedezae Park, mitteri Park, strictella Park, polystigma Park, fareasta Park, cuspis Park, minutia Park 등이며 한국미기록종은 quercicola Meyrick, horoglypta Meyrick, litoxyla Meyrick 등 3종이었다. 금번연구를 통해 MNHN에 소장되어 있는 모식표본을 기준으로 D. harmonias Meyrick의 신모식표본(lectotype)을 지정하였다. 또한 각 종에 대한 검색표를 작성하였으며 새로이 보고되는 종들의 암수생식기를 각각 도해하였다.

초 록 잎말이나방아과의 극동산잎말이, Choristoneura evanidana(Kennel) , 빗날무늬잎말이, Daemilus fulvus (Filipjev) , 세줄둥근잎말이, Paratorna seriepuncta Filipjev , 검정어깨무늬잎말이, Acleris nigriradix (Filipjev) , 침무늬잎말이, A. nigrilineana Kawabe , 깃털무늬잎말이, A. cristana [Denis & Schiffermuller] 그리고 선비잎말이, A. Logiana (Clerk)등 7종이 우리나람 미기록종으로 보고된다. 이들중 Daemilus Yasuda 속은 우리나라에서는 처음으로 그 분포가 확인되는 속이다.

The present study elucidates the effect of drught by polyethylene glycol solution on germination of five temperate and two tropical grasses. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The germination percentage of seven grasses decreased with i

신애기잎말이나방족(族)(애기잎말이나방아과(亞科), 잎말이나방과(科))에 속하는 다음 7종(種)이 우리나라 미기록종(未記錄種)으로 보고(報告)된다. 새로이 보고(報告)되는 종(種)들은 달구지애기잎말이나방, Olethreutes siderana(T.), 돌기무늬애기잎말이나방, O. pryerana (W.), 우수리애기잎말이나방. O. nigricrista F., 귤빛애기잎말이나방, Pseudohedya retracta F., 혹돌기애기잎말이나방, Apotomis capreana(H.), 세모애기잎말이나방, Cryptaspasma maginifasciata(W.), 극남방애기잎말이나방, C. angulicostana(W.) 등(等)으로 각각 우리말 이름들이 명명(命名)되었다.

최근(最近)까지 필자(筆者)박(朴)등(等)에 의하여 보고(報告)된 우리나라의 굴나방과(科) 및 가는나방과(科)의 종수(種數)는 각각(各各) 8종(種), 30종(種)이었으나 금번 조사결과(調査結果) 아래의 7종(種)(굴나방과(科) 1종(種)과 가는나방과(科) 6종(種)이 우리나라 미기록종(未記錄種)으로 분류동정(分類同定)되었다. 새로 보고(報告)되는 종(種)들은 가는나방과(科)의 물푸레가는나방(Gracillaria ussuriella), 잡싸리가는나방(Liocrobyla kumatai), 신갈가는나방(Phyllonorycter leucocorona), 꼬마신갈가는나방(P. pygmaea), 오리엔트가는나방(P. orientalis), 쑥잎가는나방(Leucospilapteryx omissella)과 굴나방과(科)의 노박덩굴굴나방(Proleucoptera celastrella)으로 각각(各各) 우리말 이름을 명명(命名)하였다. 또한 현재(現在)까지 알려진 기주식물(寄主植物)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 기주식물(寄主植物) 7종(種)을 처음 밝혀 냄과 아울러 28종(種)을 우리나라에서 재확인하여 전체종(全體種)에 대(對)한 기주식물목록(寄主植物目錄)을 작성(作成)하였다.

To select fruit trees suitable for shaded urban garden with Elaeagnus umbellata var. coreana, Malus domestica 'Alps Otome', Malus domestica 'Fujii', Prunus mume, Prunus persica for. persica, Rubus fructicosus, and Vaccinium corymbosum 'Reka', leaf growth in response to different light was investigated two years after 35% shade treatment. Leaf area of E. umbellata var. coreana, M. domestica 'Alps Otome', P. mume, P. persica for. persica, and V. corymbosum 'Reka' increased in shading. Fresh weight of leaves make inconsistent response to shading in every species but dry weight of E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica showed the highest 150% and 148%, increment, respectively. Althought leaf water content of E. umbellata var. coreana decreased in shading, there is no difference in P. persica for. persica. Chlorophyll value of E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica that showed higher than any other species is correlated with dark leaf green. Compared to specific leaf weight of E. umbellata var. coreana, P. persica for. persica, and V. corymbosum 'Reka' showed lower than any other species in shading, that of M. domestica 'Fujii', and R. fructicosus increased in reverse. These results indicate that E. umbellata var. coreana and P. persica for. persica that showed high value in several invesetigaton items are suitable for shady urban condition considering leaf growth in response to shading.

한국에서의 역할수행 게임은 역할놀이 보다는 콘텐츠에서의 플레이어와 아바타의 조작을 통한 일체 감이 강조되어 왔다. 스마트폰 기반 모바일 게임에서 역시 역할수행 게임은 전투 콘텐츠를 중심으로 구성되어 있다. 모바일 역할수행 게임은 PvE보다는 PvP가 강조되는 충돌의 형태를 지니고 있으며, 그 에 따라 플레이 양상도 반복, 조작 등으로 상이하게 나타난다. 또한 자동전투를 게임 시스템 안에서 지 원하기 때문에 섬세한 조작보다는 플레이어가 입력한 전략이 예측대로 출력되었는지를 확인하는 심성 모델에 대한 실험에서 재미가 발생한다. 이러한 모바일 역할수행 게임의 특성을 대표적인 게임인 〈세 븐 나이츠〉를 통해 분석했다. 플레이어는 자원 생산과 같은 단조로운 활동은 자동화하고, 단시간에 집 약적인 재미를 경험할 수 있는 레이드, PvP 콘텐츠에 집중하는 플레이 패턴을 생성한다.

In monsoon climates, persistent shade is a troublesome weather condition with an impact on the growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.). We imposed 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of consecutive shade (CS) on Gwangpyeongok and P3394 corn hybrids at the beginning of the kernel filling stages. Shade had little impact on leaf area and dry matter accumulation in the stem and leaves. However, dry matter accumulation in the ear was severely reduced by approximately 28% and 53% after 14 and 28 days of CS, respectively. For the components of grain yield, 7 and 14 days of shade did irreparable damage to the number of filled kernels, the kernel number per ear row, and the percent of filled kernels, but did little damage or reversible damage after removal of the shade to the 100-grain weight and the row number per ear. Shade significantly reduced the relative growth rate (RGR) due to a decrease in the net assimilation rate (NAR). These results suggest that source activity limitation by shade during the kernel filling stages leads to the inhibition of sink activity and size. The yield of biomass, ear, and grain logistically declined as the length of CS increased. Probit analysis revealed that the number of days of CS needed to cause 25% and 50% reductions in grain yield were 3.7 and 23.1, respectively. These results suggest that the plant yield loss induced by shade at the beginning of the kernel filling stages is mainly achieved within the first 7 days of consecutive shade.

After carrying out on-the-spot observation targeting each farmhouse of large-scale environment-friendly agricultural district (LEAD), Suncheon, Sancheong, Jangheung, Yeongam, Hamyang, Okcheon, and Jeongseon in 2015, only one LEAD, a farmhouse in Jangheung had used sustainable compost coming out under their own non-antibiotic livestock. The soil pH and EC at a depth of 0-20 cm in the seven LEADs were ranged between 5.3-6.6 and 0.4-1.2 dS m-1, respectively, with 0.03- 0.27% for T-N concentration, 22-322 mg kg-1 for P, and 0.05-0.29 mg kg-1, which were, in particular, low a farmhouse in Jeongseon. When intensively surveying on each farmhouse of Suncheon, Jangheung, and Okcheon for a growing period, seasonal soil pH was maintained above 6.0 and high in a farmhouse in Okcheon, with similar soil EC observed among the three LEADs. Seasonal soil T-N was 0.1% higher on the farmhouse in Suncheon than other two LEADs, with higher seasonal soil P observed on the farmhouse in Okcheon and higher soil K in the Jangheung. T-N concentration in rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops was the highest in Jangheung, and concentrations of T-N, P, and K decreased in a season. Plant height and number of tillers per hill were the highest on the farmhouse in Okcheon, where was similar or low plant diameter and SPAD levels compared to other two LEADs. Dry weight (DW) before harvest was ranged between 52-63 g, and DW, rough rice yield (kg), brown rice/rough rice (%), brown rice yield (kg), head rice (%), and broken rice (%) were not significantly different among the three LEADs. Total annual gross production ha-1 was the highest on the farmhouse in Okcheon (16,230,000 won) planting with high class of variety, ‘Milky queen’ atearly maturation, which was expected to be increased on an agricultural income. However, high amount of fertilizer was applied for growing the following crops on the farmhouse in Okcheon, affecting the highest balance of T-N, P, and K more than 200 kg ha-1.

The main purpose of this study is to identify the connection between urban characteristics and food wastes production. As a fundamental work for ‘Resource Recirculation’ in the metropolis, urban indicators is classified into traits of population, land use, residential construction, traffics, industries and economies in detail and then the extracted particular variables illustrate the relation of urban features and organic wastes by classifying urban indicators into traits of population, land use, residential construction, traffics, industries and economies. The scope of research is conducted in seventy-four district (Gu in Korea) in seven metropolises including Seoul to manifest the interrelationship of cities and wastes by correlation and multiple correlation analysis. According to this research, it concludes that the most influential variables for the existing food wastes treatment facility's location is the economic variables, property taxes than the population traits such as the number of population and employees. Particularly, the a noteworthy part is that the household is more critical element of wastes generation than the total population in population features.

This study aimed to investigate the images that affect general travel behavior and satisfaction of eco-tourists of Section seven of Jeju Olle-gil and to give eco-tourists preferred images to newly constructed eco-tour sections. Adjectives were selected to evaluate images, and for analysis, a survey was carried out with 132 persons who have toured 7 section of Jeju Olle-gil. On this survey, basic travel type, overall satisfaction, image before and after experience, age, gender, satisfaction level and accompanying type were inquired. 81(61.4%) knew section 7 of Jeju Olle-gil 'in advance', and 58(39.1%), which takes up the largest portion in this question, came to choose section 7 by a word of mouth. 95(71.9%) answered that they stayed 2 nights and 3 days, and 55(41.7%) answered that they stayed at a pension as accommodation. As for accompanying type, 34(25.7%) answered they accompanied family and relatives. As for the decision of visit, 60(45.5%) replied that they decided one month prior to the visit. And as for the purpose of visit, 63 (33.8%) replied they visited to appreciate nature. The adjectives that demonstrate overall satisfaction and significance level of the tourists were 'placid', 'refreshing', 'living', 'mountainous' and 'green'. As for the satisfaction level, people were satisfied with its environment, cleanliness level and direction boards. The types of section preferred by the tourists were clay pavements, followed by sand-masa soil mixture pavement and wooden deck pavement. 'Oidolgae' section was selected as the representative section, and 10:00a.m.~12:00p.m. was preferred as visiting time. And it is also proved that people were positive in appointing photo zones.

This study were conducted to investigate the effect of horticultural activities on the sociability and eating habit for children seven years old in kindergarten. The two groups of preschool children 7 years, in 'M' kindergarten and in 'N' kindergarten, were objects of this research. The number of children were 22 and 7, respectively. The horticultural activities program were applied for 12 sessions in one time a week to 'M' kindergarten and for 15 sessions in one time a week to 'N' kindergarten. The results showed horticultural activities significantly improved sociability and eating habit. Especially the inclination for violence, injuring or beating, was reduced remarkably. Horticultural activities seem to be effective for understanding on natural phenomenon, involve the characteristics of a plant and an animal, and also for recognizing signification of nature life while children did horticultural activities. It was seem those positive effects lead improve sociability in their group. Horticultural activities had an effect on eating habit for children. Especially, It was seem that this effect, improving an unbalanced diet habit, arise from getting familar with vegetables while children cultured and cared themselves.

한국에서 재배되고 있는 당귀속 (Angelica) 식물 7종을 대상으로 핵형 분석을 수행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 당귀속 식물들의 기본염색체 수는 x=11로, 체세포 염색체 수는 모든 종에서 2n = 2x = 22로 관찰되었다. 참당귀의 핵형은 K(2n) = 2x = 20m + 2sm, 일당귀의 핵형은 K(2n) = 2x = 12m + 10sm, 당당귀의 핵형은 K(2n) = 2x =16m + 6sm, 고본의 핵형은 K(2n) = 2x = 22m, 바디나물은 K(2n) = 2x = 18m + 4sm, 구릿대는 K(2n)= 2x = 10m + 10sm 2st, 왜친궁은 K(2n)= 2x = 22t로 각각 구분되었다. 염색체 크기는 3.56 μM-8.91 μM 사이였다. 고본의 체세포 염색체는 모두 중부 염색체로, 왜천궁은 모두 차단부 염색체로만 관찰되어 다른 종들과 이질적인 핵형을 보였다. 한국에 본포하고 있는 당귀속 식물의 핵형과 러시아, 일본, 중국에 분포하는 식물들의 핵형과 비교에서는 일부 다형현상이 관찰되었다.