최근 초고층 건축물과 지하연계 복합건축물 등의 증가로 건축물의 형태가 다양화, 복합화, 대형화되고 있다. 이러한 건축물 형태의 변화는 화재와 같은 인적재난 발생 시 초기대응 및 자력대피가 곤란해 대규모 인명피해가 우려되고 있다. 실제 2010년 10월에는 부산 해운대구에서 지상 38층짜리 주거용 오피스텔에서 화재가 발생, 5명이 부상을 당하는 사건이 발생하기도 했다. 이에 따라 국토해양부는 고층건축물 화재안전 기준을 강화한 ‘건축법’ 개정으로, 30층 이상 건축물에 피난안전구역 등 대피공간을 설치하고, 구조·피난·내화 등의 안전기준을 강화 적용할 수 있는 근거 규정을 마련하였다. 또한, 소방방재청에서는 ‘소방시설설치유지 및 안전관리에 관한 법률’ 개정을 통해 화재에 따른 재난 발생 시 대규모 인명·재난 피해를 줄이기 위해 소방시설의 설치기준을 강화하고 고층건축물에 대한 방화관리대상의 분류 기준 및 자격기준을 개선하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 화재안전관리 기준을 적용할 화재취약시설을 취약성 분석을 통해 도출하고 도출된 시설물을 검증하고자 한다. 본 연구의 주요 내용은 첫째, 국가화재정보시스템, 도시연감, 예방소방행정 통계자료를 활용하여 28개 시설물 용도 분류에 따른 130여개 시설에 대한 4년(‘07-’10)간의 화재발생현황, 재산피해, 인명피해 규모에 대한 DB를 구축하였다. 둘째, 안전관리측면에서 시설물에 대한 화재취약성은 발생빈도, 인명피해, 재산피해를 고려하여 5단계 등급으로 구별하는 취약성 평가방법을 선정하였다. 셋째, 취약 단계를 리스크매트릭스를 활용하여 화재발생빈도와 인명피해(명/건), 화재발생빈도와 재산피해(천원/건)로 구별하여 취약등급을 Ⅰ~Ⅴ등급으로 분석하고 안전관리대상 시설물을 도출하였다. 넷째, 분석된 취약등급에 대한 적절성은 상관성 분석을 활용하여 검증하고, 재실자 특성을 고려한 보완사항을 제시하였다.

The objectives of this study were to develop an evaluation method of regional vulnerability to agricultural drought and to classify the vulnerability patterns. In order to test the method, 24 city or county areas of Gyeonggi-do were chose. First, statistic data and digital maps referred for agricultural drought were defined, and the input data of 31 items were set up from 5 categories: land use factor, water resource factor, climate factor, topographic and soil factor, and agricultural production foundation factor. Second, for simplification of the factors, principal component analysis was carried out, and eventually 4 principal components which explain about 80.8% of total variance were extracted. Each of the principal components was explained into the vulnerability components of scale factor, geographical factor, weather factor and agricultural production foundation factor. Next, DVIP (Drought Vulnerability Index for Paddy), was calculated using factor scores from principal components. Last, by means of statistical cluster analysis on the DVIP, the study area was classified as 5 patterns from A to E. The cluster A corresponds to the area where the agricultural industry is insignificant and the agricultural foundation is little equipped, and the cluster B includes typical agricultural areas where the cultivation areas are large but irrigation facilities are still insufficient. As for the cluster C, the corresponding areas are vulnerable to the climate change, and the D cluster applies to the area with extensive forests and high elevation farmlands. The last cluster I indicates the areas where the farmlands are small but most of them are irrigated as much.

It has been well known that soil erosion and sediments from alpine agricultural fields are causing severe water quality and turbidity problems in receiving waters. Also these result in the loss of money because farmers have to buy top soils to provide enough root zone in the following year. Thus, there have been needs to reduce soil erosion and sediment discharge into the stream networks. To accomplish this end, an effective erosion control plans should be developed based on scientific research, not by rule of thumb. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) has been widely used to estimate the soil erosion in many countries over the years. In this study, the USLE was used to estimate soil erosion potential under different cropping scenarios in HongCheon County, Kangwon. The soil erosion potential for continuous corn cropping was the highest compared with those from continuous potato find average cropping scenarios. This indicates the soil erosion plans need to be established considering cropping system in the field. The Unit Stream Power Erosion-Deposition (USPED) was applied for HongCheon County to estimate soil erosion and deposition areas. The USPED estimated results can be used to complement USLE results in developing effective erosion control plans.