본 연구는 임종과 동시에 칠칠재로 설행되는 사십구재의 성립과정과 재차의 전승양상에 대하여 영남지역을 중심으로 살펴본 글이다.『삼국 사기』, 『고려사』, 『조선왕조실록』등에 신라와 고려에서는 팔관회와 연등회를 열어 망자를 위령한 기록도 있고, 고려 태조 23년(940)과 광종 19년(968)에 무차대회를 열었고, 조선은 개국 후 고려 왕씨의 천도, 왕실의 안녕 등을 위해 수륙재를 설행한 많은 기록이 확인된다. 이는 칠칠재로 설행되던 수륙재가 전승되어 현재의 사십구재로 성립되었음을 알 수 있다. 이와 같은 사십구재의 성립과정에서 시대별로 간행된 의례문을 통해 재차의 전승과정도 살필 수 있다. 고려 말인 14세기에 간행된 『결수문』, 15세기 『진언권공』, 16세기 『권공제반문』, 17세기 『운수단과 『제반문』, 18세기 『제반문(청문)』, 19세기 『작법구감』, 20세기 『석문의범』을 중심으로 재차의 전승양상을 살펴보았다. 『권공제반문』의 간행은 수륙재 재차로 일관되던 것에서 현재의 사십구재 재차로 나타나는 변곡점이 되었다. 특히 중위는 수륙재의 중하단을 재정립한 시왕청으로, 하위시식은 전시식과 관음시식의 차서를 갖춘 시식문이 확인된다. 이를 바탕으로 『작법구감』과 『석문의범』은 상·중·하의 삼위가 독립된 재차로 나타난다. 상위의식은 삼보통청으로, 중위의식은 시왕청으로, 하위의식은 대령과 전시식으로 확인된다. 이는 『권공제반문』, 『작법구감』, 『석문의범』이 현재 영남지역의 사십구재 재차에 많은 영향을 미쳤다는 것을 의미한다. 수륙재로 비롯된 칠칠재가 고려와 조선을 거쳐 현재 영남지역의 사십구재 재차로 전승되었다는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sowing and harvesting dates on agronomic characteristics and feed values of rye and triticale at Sanchoeng, South Korea. The experimental design consisted of the different sowing and harvesting dates as follows; rye (Secale cereale L., cv. Gogu) of sowing (October 15, 25, and November 5) in 2015 and harvesting (April 20, May 1 and May 11) in 2016, and triticale (X Triticosecale, cv. Joseong) of sowing (October 15, 25, and November 5) in 2015 and harvesting (May 18, 28, and June 7) in 2016. In rye, fresh and dry matter (DM) yields increased (p<0.05) with the delayed-harvesting date. Crude protein (CP) content and relative feed value (RFV) decreased (p<0.05) with the delayed-harvesting date, but neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased (p<0.05). In triticale, fresh and dry matter (DM) yields increased (p<0.05) with the delayed-harvesting date. The CP content decreased (p<0.05) with the delayed-harvesting date, but NDF content and RFV increased (p<0.05). This study concluded that rye sown in the middle of October then harvested in early May, and the triticale sown at the end of October then harvested at the end May are recommended to increase dry matter yield and feed value.

This study was carried out from 2015 to 2016 to identify the suitable sowing and harvesting dates of summer crops in the mountain of Yeongnam, South Korea. The experimental design consisted of the different sowing and harvesting dates as follows: corn hybrid (Z. mays, Kwangpyeongok) of sowing (May 8, 19, and 27) and harvesting (August 10, 20, and 30); sorghum×sorghum hybrid (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor, SS405) of sowing (May 27, June 19 and June 27) and harvesting (August 10, 20, and 30). In corn hybrid, ear rate and dry matter (DM) yield decreased (p<0.05) with the postponement of sowing date. Otherwise, ear rate and DM yield increased (p<0.05) with the postponement of harvesting date. Crude protein content decreased (p<0.05) with the postponement of sowing date, but neutral detergent fiber content increased (p<0.05). In sorghum×sorghum hybrid, plant length and DM yield with the postponement of harvesting date increased (p<0.05), while crude protein content with the postponement of harvesting date decreased (p<0.05). This study concluded that sowing corn hybrid in early May and sorghum×sorghum hybrid in early June then harvest in the middle of August was recommend to increase dry matter yield and feed value.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the double stylobate of the three-story stone pagoda in Yeongnam region and to divide the types of arrangements of the body-stone and roof-stone and find their correlation. Research objects are 47 three-story stone pagodas in Yeongnam region which have accurate documents and plans. After dividing a double stylobate of three-story stone pagodas into a lower and upper stylobate, we classified each stylobate into a type of body-stone and roof-stone from an architectural point of view. Types of arrangement of body-stones are divided into methods of using the ‘ㅡ’ shaped stone and methods of using ‘ㄱ’ shaped stone in the corner. And types of arrangement of roof-stones are divided into methods of arranging stones in a row or in a grid pattern. As the size of the pagoda increases, ‘ㄱ’ shaped stones used for the body-stone and stones for the roof-stone are arranged in a grid pattern. As the size of the pagoda becomes smaller, the body-stone is consist of ‘ㅡ’ shaped stone, and the roof-stone is arranged in a row. As the construction year of the pagoda becomes later, the size of the pagoda becomes smaller and types of body-stone and roof-stone had been stereotyped. As a result, the size of the stone pagoda became smaller as constructed later, and the type of body-stone and roof-stone of the double stylobate appear differently according to the size of the pagoda.

This study estimated the effect of sowing and harvesting dates on dry matter (DM) yield and feed value of forage oats at Sancheong, Korea. The forage oats (Darkhorse vs. Highspeed) were used in this experiment. The experimental main plots consisted of the different sowing and harvesting dates at 2 seasons as follows: spring oats of sowing (February 25, March 3 and March 13) and harvesting (May 27, June 6 and June 16); and fall oats of sowing (August 15, August 25 and September 4) and harvesting (October 15, October 25 and November 4). On spring oats, Highspeed sown on March 3 and then harvesting on June 6 had the highest (p<0.05) plant length and DM yield. Crude protein content decreased (p<0.05) in seed of the delayed-harvesting Highspeed. On fall oats, plant length and DM yield with the delayed-harvesting date increased (p<0.05), while crude protein content of the delayed-harvesting Highspeed decreased (p<0.05). This study concluded that the spring oat sown in early March and then harvesting in early June was recommended to increase dry matter and feed value although the fall oat sown in end August and then harvesting in early November was recommended for fall period.