동아시아 지역 봄철에 주로 발생하는 황사의 물리적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 부산지역에서 발생한 2009년 황사 기간의 종관 일기도와 자동기상관측장비(AWS)를 이용한 기상해석, PM10 샘플러와 레이저입자계수기(LPC)를 이용한 대기입자상 물질농도 분석, 위성영상과 역궤적분석 모델을 이용한 발생원을 조사하였다. 2009년 2월 20일의 경우 (사례 1), PM10 농도가 급격히 증가할 때 0.3-1.0μm의 작은 입자의 에어로솔 체적 농도 분포가 감소한 반면 1.0-10.0μm의 큰 입자의 농도는 증가하였다. 그 후 PM10 농도가 감소할 때 지상의 풍향은 북풍에서 남서풍으로 변하였으며, 전체 에어로솔 농도는 감소하였다. PM10과 1.0-10.0μm의 큰 입자 농도의 상관계수는 0.9 이상으로 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이는 내몽골 지역에서 발달된 황사가 중국 고비 사막을 통과하여 한반도로 유입된 것으로 추측할 수 있었다. 2009년 4월 25일의 경우 (사례 2), PM10 농도가 급격히 증가할 때 0.3-0.5μm의 작은 입자의 에어로솔 체적 농도 분포가 감소한 반면 0.5-10.0μm의 큰 입자의 농도는 증가하였다. 그 후 PM10 농도가 감소할 때 0.3-0.5μm의 작은 입자의 농도는 증가한 반면 0.5-10.0μm의 큰 입자의 농도는 감소하였다. 이 때 지상의 풍향은 북동풍에서 남서풍으로 변한 후 다시 북동풍으로 변하였다. PM10과 1.0-10.0μm의 큰 입자의 농도의 상관계수는 약 0.9에 가까운 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 입자의 역궤적 수송 모델 분석 결과, 만주지역과 중국 동쪽 해안으로부터 한반도로 유입된 것으로 추측할 수 있었다.

Aerosol mass size distributions were investigated at 865 m high the of Jirisan national park. A nanosampler cascade impactor was used to collect aerosols. The atmospheric aerosol particles had a unimodal mass size distribution, which peaked at 0.5–1.0 μm, and a mass aerodynamic diameter of 1.13 μm. The annual average concentrations of TSP, PM10, PM2.5, PM1, PM0.5 and PM0.1 were 20.9 μg/m3, 19.3 μg/m3, 14.9 μg/m3, 10.7 μg/m3, 5.3 μg/m3, 1.2 μg/m3, respectively. TSP concentrations were below 30 μg/m3 during the sampling period. On average PM10, PM2.5, PM1, PM0.5 and PM0.1 made up 0.91, 0.70, 0.41, 0.19 and 0.07 of TSP, respectively. The annual average of PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.77.

Atmospheric aerosol particles were investigated at GNTECH university in Jinju city. Samples were collected using the Nanosampler period from January to December 2014. The Nanosampler is a 6 stage cascade impactor(1 stage : > 10 μm, 2 stage : 2.5~10 μm, 3 stage : 1.0~2.5 μm, 4 stage : 0.5~1.0 μm, 5 stage : 0.1~0.5 μm, back-up : < 0.1 μm) with the stages having 50% cut-off ranging from 0.1 to 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter. The mass size distribution of Atmospheric aerosol particles was unimodal with peak at 1.0~2.5 μm or 0.5~1.0 μm. The annual average concentrations of TSP, PM10, PM2.5, PM1, PM0.5 and PM0.1 were 44.0 μg/m3, 40.3 μg/m3, 31.4 μg/m3, 18.0 μ g/m3, 8.2 μg/m3, 3.0 μg/m3, respectively. On average PM10, PM2.5, PM1, PM0.5 and PM0.1 make up 0.91, 0.70, 0.41, 0.19 and 0.07 of TSP, respectively. The annual average of PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.77.

During the period from April to September 2002, the size distributions of ambient aerosol were measured at the coastal site at Hamduk in Jeju Island. Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Cl- exhibited mostly a bimodal coarse mode size distribution, while ammonium and sulfate were mainly in the fine size range, with maximum at around 0.54㎛. The average molar concentration ratio of ammonium to sulfate for fine particles was equal to 2.0±0.9. Nitrate was evenly found in both the coarse and fine modes. Elements like Al, Fe, Cu, Mg, Na, Ti, Sr and Mn were dominant in coarse particles, with the maximum at around 5.25㎛. S and Pb were mainly in the submicrometer size range. Other elements with a fine and coarse modes were V, Ni, Cu, Ba and Mo. The patterns of the size distributions of trace elements measured at the downtown in Jeju City were very similar to those at the coastal site in Hamduk. However, the amplitude of size fractional concentrations at Jeju City was narrower than that at Hamduk. While the mass median diameters for the chemical species originated from the natural origin such as marine and crust were relatively large, those for ammonium, sulfate, S and Pb were very small.