바위솔의 추출물로부터 항산화 활성 및 동물 항암세포를 이용한 생물학적 특성을 조사 해 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 생육지별 DPPH 프리라디칼 소거 및 xanthine/xanthine oxidase 억제 활성비교에서 재배지에서 수확한 시료의 활성이 6.07(IC50:μg/ml)로 가장 높았다 생육시기별 DPPH 프리라디칼 소거 및 xanthine/xanthine oxidase 억제의 활성은 9월 수확물이 가장 활성이 높았다. 실리카겔 컬럼크로마토그래피를 이용한 항산화물질 분리결과에서 S-4 분획물의 DPPH와 xanthine oxidase 억제활성이 5.02(IC50 : μg/ml)와 6.18(IC50:μg/ml)을 나타냄으로써 높은 분리효율를 보였다. 항산화활성이 가장 높았던 LH-4 분획물의 주요화합물은 GC/MS에 의하여 지방산, 폴리페놀화합물 및 페놀유도체로 동정되었으며 alpha-androsta-7,14-diene과 1,2,3-benzenetriol이 주 물질이었다. POD 및 SOD 활성은 생육지간에 재배지, 산, 바닷가 순으로, 생육시기간에는 시기가 늦을수록 높게 나타났다 SOD 동위효소의 밴드수는 전 생육지, 전 생육시기에서 공히 2개의 밴드가 나타났으나, 그 세기는 재배지와 9월의 수확물이 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 정제된 LH-4 분획물은 HL-60 세포의 종양증식을 억제시켰으며 종양유발유전자와 IPTG로 콜로니 형성을 유도한 암세포(2-12 cells)에서 분획물 400ppm 처리와 negative control 처리간의 colony형성은 유의차가 없었다.

One of the problems associated with in vitro culture of primordial gern cells (PGCs) is the large loss of cells during the initial period of culture. This study characterized the initial loss and determined the effectiveness of two classes of apoptosis inhibitors, protease inhibitors and antioxidants, on the ability of the porcine PGCs to survive in culture. Results from electron microscopic analysis and in situ DNA fragmentation assay indicated that porcine PGCs rapidly undergo apoptosis when placed in culture. Additionally, \ulcorner2-macroglobulin, a protease inhibitor and cytokine carrier, and N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, increased the survival of PGCs in vitro. While other protease inhibitors tested did not affect survival of PGCs, all antioxidants tested improved survival of PGCs (p<0.05). Further results indicated that the beneficial effect of the antioxidants was critical only during the initial period of culture. Finally, it was determined that in short-term culture, in the absence of feeder layer, antioxidants could partially replace the effect(s) of growth factors and reduce apoptosis. Collectively, these results indicate that the addition of \ulcorner2-macroglobulin and antioxidatns can increase the number of PGCs in vitro by suppressing apoptosis.

To assess resistance of transgenic tobacco plants which overexpress superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts to water stress, changes in leaf water potential, turgor potential, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were measured. Leaf water potential in all plants remained high up to day 4 after withholding water but thereafter decreased markedly. In spite of a remarkable decrease in leaf water potential, some of transgenic plants maintained higher turgor potential compared with control plant on day 12. In particular, the transgenic plant expressing MnSOD showed an outstanding maintenance in turgor pressure by osmotic adjustment throughout the experiment, resulting in high stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. However, among transgenic plants, osmotic potential was reduced more effectively in multiple transformants such as the double transformant expressing both MnSOD and APX, and the triple transformant expressing CuznSOD, MnSOD and APX than single transformants. Consequently, further research is needed to get general agreement on the tolerance of transgenic plants to water stress at different growth stages for each transgenic plant.

천연물유래의 안전하고 효과적인 항산화 화합물을 찾기 위하여 채취한 86종의 다양한 식물체로부터 얻은 MeOH 추출물을 DPPH free radical 소거법을 이용하여 항산화활성을 검정한 결과 밤껍질 (RC50=5.8μg)과 느릅나무 (RC50=12μg)에서 대조구인 α-tocopherol(RC50=12μg) 과 BHA(RC50=14μg)에 비해 강한 활성을 보였고 그외 13종에서 도 비교적 강한 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 대표적인 식물병원균 중 6종의 균주를 사용하여 in vivo 방법으로 항미생물 활성을 검정한 결과 굴피나무, 비목나무, 산국, 소리쟁이, 가막사리, 아왜나무에서 90% 이상의 식물병원균의 생육저해 효과를 보였다.

천연물로부터 새로운 항산화물질을 구명하기 위하여 국내에서 생산된 약용작물 38종을 수집하여 항산화 활성물질을 탐색한 결과 가시오갈피, 구절초, 건강, 목단, 시호, 산수유, 삼백초, 산사, 유근피, 작약, 천궁, 홍화씨, 및 황금등 13종이 항산화 활성이 높은 생약재로 선발되었다. 선발된 13종의 생약재중 홍화씨에 대한 활성물질을 추적, 분리하여 NMR로 물질구조를 동정한 결과 N-feruloylserotonin이 항산화 물질이라는 것을 처음 밝혀냈다. DPPH radical소거 활성에 의한 기존 항산화제인 α-tocopherol, BHA 및 BHT를 N-feruloylserotonin과 항산화력를 비교한 결과 N-feruloylserotonin이 6.6μg/ml로 활성이 가장 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다.

To determine whether the enhanced UV-B causes oxidative stress, and to test the relationship between plant growth response and biochemical defense response to UV-B, two soybean plants, Keunolkong, a highly UV-B susceptible cultivar, and Danyeubkong, a less UV-B susceptible cultivar, were subjected to the enhanced UV-B [daily dose : 0.06 (control) and 11.32 (enhanced UV-B) kJ m^-2 ; UV-B_BE] for 3 weeks. Contents of malondialdehyde and total carotenoid were increased in Keunolkong compared with Danyeubkong by UV-B. In control plants, ascorbate level of Danyeubkong was 3 times higher than that of Keunolkong. The ratio of dehydroascorbate/ascorbate was highly increased in Keunolkong by UV-B. The activities of antioxidative enzyme such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase were increased in both cultivars by UV-B. This results indicate that enhanced UV-B caused oxidative stress in both two cultivars, especially in Keunolkong. Susceptibility of two soybean cultivars to UV-B is closely related to the levels of antioxidants such as carotenoid and ascorbate.

Screening of new antioxidants form oriental medicines resulted in the isolation of a new antioxidative compound and eight known compounds from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. On the basis of various spectrosopic studies, the structure of the new compound was determined to be 4-rhamnose-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid methly ester. Other known compounds were identified as ferulic acid, 4,5,6,-trihydroxyflavanone, 2', 4',4' -trihydroxychalcone, caffeic acid, coniferyl alcohol, syringin, 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid. These compounds showed lipid peroxidation inhibitory acitivity in rat liver microsomes and free radical scavenging acitivity.

Antioxidants of sesame have been reported to cure and prevent various diseases by means of diverse physiological activities, prevention of acidification in organisms, prevention of acidification and decay of lipids, cholesterol depression, preventive effects on chemical breast cancer, skin beauty and senescence inhibition, and so on. Recognizing their significance to health and disease prevention, researchers in Japan and America have given so much importance to study antioxidants in the last decade. In addition, they are actively pursuing studies on production, processing for food use and development of new varieties that have high antioxidant content. Recently, researchers in Korea have shown the same interest and have conducted similar studies, however, the importance of the following basic issues must be recognized to guide in future activites : First, improvement of sesame quality must be done to raise the contents of not only the fat and fatty acid but also sesamin, sesamolin and sesaminol glucoside. For the use of these components it is necessary to study the gentic pattern and individual selections developed from minimum sample size and fast lipid analysis techniques. Second, sesaminol of sesame has a remarkable function in preventing acidification and so sesame can be utilized as a food that prevents or delays aging caused by automatic acidification of fat. Therefore, for maximum medicinal benefit from sesame oil there is a need to develop food materials having new medicinal functions. Third, the sesamin and sesamolin content of sesame germplasms collected in Korea showed lower ranges of 0.04~~0.68 percent and 0.08~~0.68 percent respectively, while Japanese germ-plasm showed 1.9 percent maximum content of seasmin. Thus, germplasm collection and analysis of worldwide genetic resources are urgently needed.

참깨품종의 온도와 일장에 따른 항산화성분 함률차이를 조사하여 참깨 재배기술개선에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 무분지형 단백깨와 수원깨 및 분지형 안산깨와 한섬깨를 공시하여 작물시험장 인공기상실에서 온도와 일장을 달리 처리하여 시험하였던 바 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일장과 온도처리에 따른 참깨 항산화함량의 품종간 차이가 있었다. 2. 온도의 차이에 따라 20/15℃ (주간온도/연간온도)에서 sesamin 0.22%, sesamolin 0.16% 인데 비하여 30/25℃ 에서는 sesamin 0.28%, sesamolin 0.19%를 보여 저온조건 보다는 고온조건에서 항산화 성분함량이 높았다. 3. 일장의 차이에 따라 11시간 일장에서 sesamin 0.24%, sesamin 0.26%, sesamolin 0.20%와 큰 차이가 없었다. 4. 따라서 참깨 항산화성분 함량은 일장의 길이보다는 온도의 차이에 의해 크게 영향 받는 것으로 생각된다.

본 연구는 고항산화 양질 육종의 체계확립을 위해서 참깨에 있는 특수성분인 sesamin, sesamolin의 표준물질을 동정하고 그 분석기술을 개발하였는바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 한국산 참깨로부터 sesamin, sesamolin 성분을 분리하여 화학적 구조를 분광학적 방법(UV, 1 H와 13C-NMR, MS)으로 확인하여 sesamin, sesamolin의 표준물질을 동정하였다. 2. 참깨 lignan성분의 추출 및 분리에는 Unsaponifiable fration 보다 MeOH 냉온처리가 더 효과적이었다. 3. 검량선의 회귀직선의 방정식은 sesamin에서 y=53924.43＋1277.93x(r=0.9993)이었고 sesamolin의 경우는 y=11034.95＋1188.38x(r=0.9994)로 추정되었다. 4. 한국산 참깨의 lignan 성분함량은 단백깨의 경우 sesamin 0.42% sesamolin 0.3%로 나타났다.