본 연구는 간호학생의 간호수행능력 관련요인을 파악하여 간호수행능력 증진을 위한 학부과정의 교육 방안을 마련하는데 기여하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 일 대학 간호학과의 4학년 학생 227명이었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성, 비판적 사고성향, 핵심기본간호술 성취도에 따른 간호수행능력은 independent t-test, pearson’s correlation coefficient를 실시하였고, 간호수행능력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 Linear regression을 시행하였다. 연구결과, 간호학생의 간호수행능력에는 비판적 사고성향의 지적공정성과 핵심기본간호술 난이도 중 및 하의 성취도가 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 모두 점수가 높을수록 간호수행능력이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 간호학생의 지적공정성과 핵심기본간호술 성취도를 높이는 한편 난이도 상의 성취도를 높이는 교육프로그램의 마련이 필요하다.

본 연구는 간호대학생의 학업탄력성, 내현적자기애, 대인관계능력 및 자기효능감의 구조적 관계 및 이들의 경로를 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 J소재 3개 대학교의 간호대학생 460명을 대상으로 편의표집 하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 간호대학생의 학업탄력성, 내현적자기애, 대인관계능력 및 자기효능감 간의 인과 모형의 적합도가 양호한 것으로 나타나 변인간의 인과관계를 타당하게 예측하였다. 둘째, 간호대학생의 내 현적자기애, 대인관계능력 및 자기효능감은 학업탄력성에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 셋째, 간호대학생의 대인관계능력과 자기효능감은 내현적자기애와 학업탄력성 간의 관계에서 매개효과이지만 경쟁효과인 억제효과로 나타났고, 자기효능감은 대인관계능력과 학업탄력 성간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 학업탄력성과 관련 요인을 고려한 효율적인 교육프로그램 개발의 필요성을 제언하였다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between emotional intelligence, interpersonal competence, and caring efficacy in nursing students. Method: Data were collected from 227 junior and senior nursing students in May 2017. The study adopted a cross-sectional design. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Collected data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, using SPSS 23.0. Results: Study results revealed positive correlations between emotional intelligence and interpersonal competence (r=.531, p<.001), interpersonal competence and caring efficacy (r=.556, p<.001), emotional intelligence and caring efficacy (r=.570, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that caring efficacy has a positive correlation with emotional intelligence and interpersonal competence. Therefore, it is important for nursing education programs to facilitate the students’emotional intelligence and interpersonal competence for achieving better results in terms of caring efficacy.

Generally, in vivo, primary oocytes are grown and matured into secondary oocytes in the ovarian follicles. Quality of the oocytes matured in vivo is higher than that of oocytes matured in vitro, indicating the importance of materializing the microenvironment of ovarian follicles for production of high quality oocyte. Therefore, we tried to mimic the stiffness of ovarian follicles using an agarose as a biocompatible natural polymer. Unfortunately, to date, there are no many reports on whether the quality of porcine oocytes can be increased effectively under the soft matrix. Accordingly, we tried to evaluate the effects of IVM using different mechanical properties of agarose substrate on developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Agarose substrate was constructed and cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) retrieved from porcine medium antral follicles were matured on non-coated (control) culture dish or dishes coated with 1% and 2% (w/v) agarose substrate. Then, cumulus expansion, embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation, and gene expression level were analyzed and compared. As the results, significant increase in blastocyst formation and cumulus expansion were detected in COCs matured on 1% (w/v) agarose substrate compared with control. Moreover, oocytes of COCs matured on 1% (w/v) agarose substrate showed significantly higher BMP15 expression level compared with control. Pro-apoptotic gene BAX expression was significantly increased in oocytes of COCs matured on 2% (w/v) agarose substrate compared with control. In the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFKP) gene expression, cumulus cells of COCs matured on agarose substrate showed significantly higher PFKP expression than control while they showed significantly lower BAX expression than control. These results demonstrated that quality of porcine oocytes could be increased efficiently by the IVM of immature oocytes on the soft culture matrix using agarose.

Mammalian oocytes are sensitive to psychological stress at each period of follicular development. Especially, thermal stress interfere with reproductive condition by inducing formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS). ROS lead to oocyte apoptosis, weakening oocyte quality and lowering the fertilization rate. As a result, the pregnancy rate is lowered, leading to infertility. Thermal stress also seems to influence zygotes through physiological changes in the maternal environment surrounding them. Loss of developmental competence suggests hyperthermia-induced oxidative stress in embryos. Interest in organic Lonicera caerulea berries has increased in recent years. They are abundant in various health-improving materials. Berries that found from natural products can be as free as possible from the bioactive toxicity of the active ingredient without side effects, and it can be a big advantage because it can work. Mammalian oocytes are arrested at the first meiotic prophase stage and get their meiotic competence to produce offspring during the development of follicle. A series of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturations are involved in this process and these vary in temperature sensitivity. Our study demonstrated that L. caerulea can relieve the negative effects of maternal hyperthermia by reducing ROS level at the developmental stage.

In this study, we examined sperm penetration and blastocyst developmental rate of oocytes to determine fertilizability of cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull. One testicle with epididymides were castrated from one Hanwoo bull (14 months of age) and transported to laboratory. Spermatozoa recovered from cauda epididymis by mincing with semen extender (Optixcell, IMV, France) and cryporeserved in liquid nitrogen tank until use. As control, frozen Hanwoo semen was used. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from follicles (2-8 mm) of slaughtered ovaries and 10 to15 COCs were matured in 50μl droplet with M-199 media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 10μg/ml FSH, 10μg/ml LH, 10μg/ml EGF for 22 to 24 hours in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. After maturation of COCs, matured COCs were co-incubated with cauda epididymal spermatozoa in 100μl droplet in modified Brackett and Oliphant media supplemented with 2.5 mM theophylline for 12 or 18 hours under 5% CO2 in air. Sperm concentration was adjusted to 5 × 106cells/ml. After IVF for 18 hours, presumptive zygotes were cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid with 1mM glutamine, 12 essential amino acids, 10 μg/ml insulin under 5% CO2, 5% O2 in air. In experiment 1, we examined sperm penetration rate at 12 hours of IVF of frozen-thawed epididymal sperm. Total penetration rate among cauda epididymis and control were not significantly different (mean±standard error, cauda epididymis and control vs. 49.7±11.3 and 54.4±12.8%) In experiment 2, cleavage and blastocyst development rate were evaluated at day 2 and day 8 after IVF for 18 hours. Cleavage rate among cauda epididymis and control was similar different (cauda epididymis and control vs. 81.2±3.4 and 82.7±2.5%). However, blastocyst developmental rate of cauda epididymis group was significantly higher than that of control group (cauda epididymis and control vs. 24.4±1.6 and 12.2±2.8%, p<0.05). In conclusion, cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull has high fertilizability and embryo development. Cauda epididymal sperm can be used as an alternative to ejaculated frozen sperm in vitro.

Poor embryo quality and low blastocyst formation have been major limitations in establishment of cloned embryonic stem cells and production of cloned animals through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Aggregation of embryos is a promising method for improving developmental competence of blastocysts. The aim of this study was to improve the blastocyst formation and the quality of parthenogenetic (PA) pig embryos by the aggregation of blastomeres at the 4-cell stage that were cultured in various type of culture dishes with or without phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The PA embryos were produced by the general method of our laboratory. On Day 2 after PA, the zona pellucida of 4 cell-stage embryos were removed by treatment with 0.5% (wt/vol) pronase solution. The 3x zona-free blastomere (ZFB) were randomly distributed in each of the following treatments for aggregation. ZFB were cultured for 5 days at 39℃ in an atmosphere 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2. In Experiment 1, effect of culture dishes on the aggregation efficiency and developmental competence of PA embryos were investigated. ZFB were cultured on non-coated (control) culture dish or dishes coated with 1% (wt/vol) agarose substrate (AS) or Well of the Well in dishes coated with 1% (wt/vol) agarose substrate (WAS). The ZFB cultured in WAS showed significantly higher (P<0.05) aggregation (81.2%) than AS and control (21.6-45.5%). The mean cell number in blastocysts derived from AS and WAS (81.4-89.3 cells/blastocyst) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of control (63.8 cells/blastocyst). In Experiment 2, effects of 150 ug/ml PHA treatment on the aggregation efficiency and developmental competence of embryos were investigated. The ZFB cultured in AS with PHA showed a higher (P<0.05) aggregation rate (90.0%) than that in AS without PHA, control with PHA, and control (39.2%, 57.9% and 17.5%, respectively). In conclusion, aggregation of porcine ZFB treated with PHA and agarose substrate could be a useful technique for producing improving blastocyst development with increased mean cell number of blastocysts in pigs.

본 연구는 간호대학생과 비 간호대학생의 문화적 역량과 심리적 안녕감 정도를 탐색하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구를 위해 S와 I지역의 종합대학 간호대학생 127명과 비 간호대학생 124명, 총 251명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 결과 문화적 역량 정도는 평균 5점 만점에 간호대학생 3.35점, 비 간호대학생 3.23점, 심리적 안녕감 정도는 평균 5점 만점에 간호대학생 3.53점, 비 간호대학생 3.37점으로 나타났으며, 두 군 모두 문화적 역량 및 심리적 안녕감 정도가 ‘중’ 수준 이상으로 나타났으며, 간호대학생이 비 간호대학생보다 유의하게 높았다. 문화적 역량과 심리적 안녕감 간의 관계 분석결과 간호대학생은 문화적 인식, 문화적 지식, 문화적 민감성, 문화적 기술, 문화적 경험, 자아수용성, 환경에 대한 통제, 긍정적 대인관계, 자율성, 삶의 목적, 개인적 성장 모든 항목에서 유의한 정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 간호대학생의 문화적 역량을 높은 수준으로 유지하도록 정규교육과정에 다문화교과목 편성 및 다문화현장체험, 특강 등 교과외 활동을 병행하여 심리적 안녕감을 가지고 문화적 다양성을 고려한 간호를 제공할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

In den Zeiten der Globalisierung und Internationalisierung unserer Lebens- und Arbeitswelt ist interkulturelle Kommunikations- und Handlungskompetenz essentiell Der schulische Deutschunterricht steht im Zuge der Globalisierung vor neuen Herausforderungen. Er muss neben der Ausbildung rein sprachlicher Qualifikationen auch auf den ständig wachsenden Austausch mit anderen Kulturen vorbereiten. Interkulturelles Lernen, das der Entwicklung interkultureller Kompetenz dienen soll, ist daher auch Bestandteil von Lehrplänen. Ziel der vorliegender Arbeit ist es, einen Lehrplan zum Erwerb interkultrueller Kompetenz im schulischen Deutschunterricht zu entwickeln. Für die Entwicklung von dem Lehrplan zum um Erwerb interkultrureller Kompetenz werden zunächst einen Dialogtext im Restaurant aus dem Schulbuch ‘Deutsch 1’ ausgewählt, und im interkulturellen Kontext analysiert. Als Ergebnisse sind im schulischen Deutschunterricht zwei Lehr- und Lernmethoden denkbar, um eine interkulturelle Kommunikation anzuregen. Dazu gehören diskursanalystische Lernmethode und Kulturassimilator.

현대 기업의 경쟁력은 공급사슬 경쟁력으로 대변되고 있다. 급변하는 시장 상황에 능동적으로 대응하 기 위하여 중소기업의 자생적인 역량 강화가 절실하다. 또한, 상호 신뢰를 기반으로 대·중소기업, 중소기업 간 사회적 자본 형성 및 호혜적인 관계가 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국 반도체 장비 산업의 1, 2차 공급기업 대상으로 상생협력과 핵심역량, 관계 자본이 어떻게 설명되는지, 구조방정식을 활용하여 모형과 가설을 확인하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 한국 반도체 장비산업의 대·중소기업, 기업 간 상생협력의 협력활동은 중소기업의 핵심역량을 통하여 관계 자본에 기여한다는 결론을 얻었다. 또한, 중소기업의 핵심 역량은 상생협력의 협력활동과 관계자본 사이에 매개 작용을 한다고 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 한국 반도체 장비산 업의 대·중소기업, 기업 간 상생협력의 공정한 거래는 관계 자본에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉, 기업 간 상생협력의 협력활동은 중소기업의 핵심역량을 통하여 관계 자본에 영향을 주고, 공정 거래는 관계 자본에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 관계 자본은 상생협력, 핵심역량과 중소기업 운영성과 사이의 매개 효과를 확인하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the service quality, professional competence and loyalty of China tourists visiting Taiwan. A crosssectional survey was used to collect usable data from the China tourists who participate in group tourism to Taiwan. The result indicate that the China tourists felt the service quality of “meal” in Taiwan is the best and good feeling in “professional knowledge” of tour guide. In addition, this study found that the professional competence of tour guide has an intermediary effect between the quality of tourist services and tourist loyalty. The quality of tourism service can positively influence the loyalty of China tourists to Taiwan, meanwhile, the quality of tourism service can positively affect the professional competence of tour guide and the professional competence of tour guide can positively affect the loyalty of China tourists travel to Taiwan. According to the results, the study found that travel agencies should focus on the training of tour guide, which help travel agencies to raise the value of travels product and attract more tourist.

Although the majority of prior literature has suggested the key reasons for consumer complaining in service failures are to vent negative emotions (e.g. anger, dissatisfaction) and to seek redress (Blodgett, Hill, & Tax 1997; Nyer 1997), some research has also pointed out that customers will give constructive suggestions to firms through complaining (Groth, 2005; Liu & Mattila, 2015). In this regard, consumer complaining can be classified into two types, namely, positive complaint (i.e., with constructive suggestion) and negative complaint (i.e., without constructive suggestion). Understanding what situations would dissatisfied consumers choose to give constructive suggestions in service failures would be of utmost important to firms. We suggest that a firm’s brand image may affect consumers’ intention to choose what types of complaint in service failures. In general, consumers may perceive a brand as having a competence image (e.g., professional and efficient) or having a warmth image (e.g., friendly and approachable) (Kervyn, Fiske and Malone, 2012). Comparatively speaking, a warmth image is associated with friendship and caring, whereas a competence image is associated with expertise. Therefore, it is possible that consumers would have a higher empathy and intention to help a firm with a warmth (vs. competent) image, and be more likely to choose positive complaint when a failure happens to this firm. An experimental study confirmed this prediction. In addition, we found that although a firm’s competence (vs. warmth) image does not affect the likelihood to give constructive suggestions in service failures, it leads to a higher level of return intention. Implications and future research directions will be discussed.

This study investigates the effect of high-level customization experience delivered via information and communication technology (ICT) on consumers’ patronage behavior toward a brand. The results indicate that customization experience increases purchasing intention for it enhance the level of happiness about the product. The relationship between customization experience and happiness is found to be mediated by autonomy (i.e., feeling of being in charge of one’s own action), competence (i.e., feeling that one effectively utilize one’s skill and abilities) and the pride of authorship (i.e. feeling of pride when creating an artifact of one’s own). Introduction The advancement of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has led the paradigm shift in managing a producer and consumer relationship in the fashion industry. In particular, it has blurred the boundaries between the role of a producer and the role of a consumer. For example, Adidas, one of the biggest sportswear companies in the world, has built SpeedFactory, which offers a special customization service for their users to build sneakers according to their own design specifications. There it takes only five hours for a customized design put together by its users to be produced in a real pair of sneakers and ready to be delivered to their home (Wiener, 2017). The term, prosumer (i.e., producer and consumer) indicates such people who not only purchase and use a product a company offers but also actively participate in the production process by communicating and reflecting their preference (Toffler, 1980). This phenomenon is particularly evident with millennial consumers who desire customer-centric experiences with which they feel wanted and valued. They are willing to engage with brands through producing consumer-generated contents and suggesting their ideas during the production process (McGee, 2017). Such desire has driven the growth of customization services and the rapid development of technology further enabling companies to provide customization more easily and at lower costs (Mitrea, Werner, & Greif, 2010). Despite its increasing significance, not much attention has been paid to understanding the psychological underpinnings as to how and why customization services may enhance consumer patronage behavior toward a brand. This study fills this void by examining the underlying mechanism of the relation between personalization experiences and purchasing intention. Literature review and research questions Customization Experience and Happiness “Experience” has emerged as an important keyword for marketing professionals in the last couple of decades (Pine & Gillomore, 1999; Schmitt, 1999). Consumers wanted and were willing to pay for unique, personalized events that are not the same as anyone else’s, and those that can surprise and impress them beyond providing mere satisfaction (Pine & Gillomore, 1999). Customized services thus have a great impact on consumer patronage behavior such as purchase intention and brand loyalty. Recently, marketing and psychology research has also observed that customized experiences bring happiness (e.g. Bhattacharjee, & Mogilner, 2014; Guevarra & Howell, 2015). Happiness refers to a cognitive and emotional evaluation of one's own life (Diener, 1984). While, to some extent, happiness can be assessed by external criteria such as socioeconomic level or objective indicators, subjective well-being is argued to be important for individuals to assess their own psychological states (Diener, 1984). In general, studies have found that material goods provide lower level of happiness than life experiences, since consumers tend to evaluate happiness through specific events. However, Guevarra & Howell (2015) illustrated that the dichotomous distinction between material items and life experience is ambiguous at the boundary, and in the middle of continuum from material items to life experiences exists “experiential products,” which give consumers the same level of happiness as life experiences. Offering consumers the ability to reflect their preferences in product designs is a way to tap into this psychology. Customization can be a unique experience in that consumers themselves participate in production processes. It is expected that the experience of designing one’s own good will positively affect consumer's happiness level. What Drives Happiness from Customization Experiences? Self-determination theory of Deci & Ryan (2012) (e.g., Maltby & Day, 2001; Wilson, Rodgers, Fraser, & Murray, 2004) is used as the conceptual framework to identify the underlying psychological mechanisms for this study. In particular, the selfdetermination theory posits that people feel happiness when they are satisfied with such psychological needs as autonomy (i.e., engaging in behaviors that express one’s true identity and feeling of being in charge of one’s own action), competence (i.e., feeling of fulfillment that one effectively utilize one’s skill and abilities), and relatedness (i.e., feelings of closeness to a desired social group) through experience (Deci & Ryan, 2012). Given the focus of this study is the customized service delivered online, the variable of relatedness is less relevant since our study focuses on independently designing a product to a user’s unique preferences. The variable of relatedness is excluded in our research model. Instead, we include the “pride of authorship” (Trentin, Perin, & Forza, 2014), which refers to the feeling of pride generated when creating an artifact of their own and a sense of being the creator of it (Schreier, 2006). Customized services can enhance the sense of accomplishment as an author which is also found to affect happiness (Schreier, 2006). We thus formulated the following hypotheses. Hypothesis 1-3. Perceived customization experience will have a positive influence on autonomy (H1), competence (H2), pride of authorship (H3). Hypothesis 4-6. Autonomy (H4), competence (H5), pride of authorship (H6) will have a positive influence on happiness. Hypothesis 7. Happiness will have a positive influence on purchase intention. Method The data were collected via an online experiment in May 2017 with women in their 20s and 30s residing in South Korea, nationwide. Procedure The target site we used as an experiment stimulus was a shoe retail site (http://www.shoesofprey.com) that offers customization options (e.g., shapes, colors, and heel height). The data were collected for a week with 180 participants in total. After entering a designated computer lab, participants were given a detailed instruction of how to use the customized services of this brand. Experiment assistants provided real-time help to participants for any technical difficulties. We asked respondents to visit an online website of this brand. The participants were asked to explore the site and to design customized shoes to their liking. After spending some time on the site and finish customization, they were asked to answer questions in our questionnaire. Measures/Data Collection and Analysis The measures of our constructs were developed based on previous literature. All items (except for demographic characteristics) were measured using a 7-point Likert scale (1 = “strongly disagree;” 7 = “strongly agree”). About 12 responses were deleted from a total of 180 responses due to incomplete data, thus168 were used for final analysis. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results Underlying Mechanism of the Relation between Personalization Experience and Happiness: Autonomy, Competence, and Pride of Authorship With the pooled data (n=168), the results of the confirmatory factor analysis on the entire measurement model showed that our measurement model had a reasonably good fit (χ2(df=145)=300.546, p=.000; Normed χ2(CMIN/DF)=2.073; GFI=.847; CFI=.924; NFI=.864; TLI=.910; RMSEA=.080). The measurements of reliability yielded Cronbach’s α coefficients above 0.7. The convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed between the measurement variables, and the measured values were found to be appropriate. Customization experience had a significant influence on the path of autonomy, competence, and pride of authorship at the .001 level. Specifically, the results showed that the coefficient of the path from “customization experience to autonomy” to be .71***, that from “customization experience to competence” was .81***, and that from “customization experience to pride of authorship” was .68***. We thus accept Hypothesis 1, 2, and 3. These mediation variables were found to have a positive influence on happiness at the .001 level. The coefficient of the path from “autonomy to happiness” was .38***, that from “competence happiness” was .29***, and that from “pride of authorship to happiness” was .25***. We thus accept Hypothesis 4, 5, and 6. It was identified that happiness was positively related to purchase intention with coefficients, 0.49***. Thus, Hypothesis 7 was supported. Discussion and implications Previous research found that offering customization service positively influences purchase intention and willingness-to-pay. This paper extends the current understand as to the effect of customization service experience on consumer patronage intention by identifying underlying psychological mechanism. The customized products allow and demand consumers to engage in the designing process. This distinctive experience generates psychological reactions that are linked to personal happiness. In particular, we find that a heightened sense of autonomy, competence, and the pride of authorship are critical mediators linking the customization experiences to happiness. The results also indicate that feeling of happiness is a significant driver for consumer patronage behavior. Our results imply that millennial consumers want to experience consumer-centric events and to engaging in creating their own contents to feel fulfilled with consumption experiences and that customized services can be a power tool to meet this desire.

본 연구는 영상제작 인력의 특성을 고려하여 다양한 전문영역 및 다양한 직급의 영상제작 인력(402명)을 대상으로 이들의 직업만족도와 관련요인들의 직간접효과 및 조절효과를 밝힌 실증연구이다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 영상제작인력의 직업만족도에 이들의 업무자율성이 미치는 효과를 밝히고, 업무자율성이 직업만족도에 미치는 영향력이 의사소통 능력이나 대인갈등 요소에 의하여 증가 혹은 감소되는 지에 대한 이중매개효과를 입증하고, 셋째, 최근 영상제작분야에서의 성차별 문제에 대한 증대된 관심과 함께, 전술한 영상제작 인력의 업무자율성이 직업만족도에 미치는 직접효과 뿐 만 아니라, 의사소통능력 및 대인갈등의 이중매개효과가 성별에 따라서 어떻게 상이한 양상을 보이는지 규명해 볼 수 있도록 성별의 조절효과를 분석하는 것이다. 자료분석 결과, 첫째, 업무자율성을 많이 가질수록 직업만족도도 높다는 사실이 밝혀져, 영상제작인력의 직업만족도를 향상시키는데 업무자율성이 매우 중요한 선행요인임이 입증되었다. 둘째, 직업만족도에 업무자율성이 미치는 긍정적 직접효과는 특히 여성의 경우 남성에 비해 두배 이상 월등히 강하게 나타난 점이 주목된다. 셋째, 업무자율성이 직업만족도에 미치는 긍정적 효과는 남성의 경우 의사소통능력을 매개(mediation)로 하여 한층 더 강화될 수 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 넷째, 업무자율성이 직업만족도에 미치는 긍정적인 효과는 여성의 경우에서만 대인갈등을 매개로 약화되었는데, 이러한 대인갈등의 부분매개효과는 여성에게서만 발견되었다. 영상제작인력의 직업만족도에 업무자율성이 미치는 영향, 의사소통능력 및 대인갈등 등의 매개효과를 규명함에 있어서, 성별의 조절효과가 반드시 반영되어야 한다는 결론을 내리게 되었고, 자료분석 결과 밝혀진 주요 사실들을 토대로, 영상제작 인력의 직업만족도 향상을 위한 함의를 모색하고 논의하였다.

Purpose: This study was tried to identify the effects of simulation practice education on the clinical competence, critical thinking disposition and self-confidence of nursing process in new graduated nurses. Methods: This study was one group pre-post test design, participants are 50 new graduated nurses with less than 3 month of working experience. The simulation practice education applied the first semester of the third grade, over 15 weeks with 1 credit per 2 hours per week by two instructors with four scenarios. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, paired t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. Result: There was a significant difference simulation practice education on the clinical competence and critical thinking disposition in the new graduated nurses. There was a correlation between clinical competence and critical thinking disposition. Conclusion: New nurses' capacity can be strengthened by applying simulation practice education that improve the clinical performance by enhance the critical thinking Disposition.

본 연구에서는 청소년비행예방센터 직원의 교수역량에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 파악하고, 이를 바탕으로 추후 청소년비행예방센터의 비행 예방 교육기능 강화 방안을 모색해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 청소년비행예방센터에서 근무하고 있는 직원 272명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, 주요 변수에 성실히 응답하지 않은 6케이스를 제외한 266명을 최종 분석에 사용하였다. 주요 연구결과를 살펴보면 개인관련 요인 가운데서는 정서적 공감능력과 의사소통능력이, 조직관련 요인들 가운데에는 기관장의 리더십이 교수역량을 유의미하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 다시 말해, 정서적 공감능력과 의사소통 능력이 뛰어나고 기관장의 리더십에 대한 긍정적 인식을 가질수록 교수역량이 높게 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 중심으로 청소년비행예방센터 직원의 비행예방 교육기능 강화를 위한 교수역량 발전방안에 대해 모색해보았다.

본 연구의 목적은 유아교사의 직무 수행 능력과 핵심역량을 강화하는 인성교육 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위해 B광역시 유치원 및 보육교사 105명을 대상으로 인성, 인성교육, 직무, 핵심역량 등의 요구도 조사를 하였으며 SPSS 21.0(ver.) 프로그램을 이용하여 분석되었다. 연구의 결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 유아교사의 올바른 인성 함양을 위해 인성교육에 대한 요구는 높았으며, 직무 및 핵심역량과 인성교육 간의 관련성 인식도 높았다. 그리고 유아교사에게 필요한 인성 요소 10위까지 의 순위는 긍정적 자아개념, 성실함, 도덕성, 책임감, 인내심, 유아에 대한 사랑, 올바른 가치관, 정서적 안정, 타인에 대한 긍정적 사고, 융통성 등이며 우선순위와는 다소 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 유아교사의 직무와 핵심역량을 강화하는데 인성교육의 필요성을 높게 인식하였다. 따라서 인성교육이 유아교사의 직무와 핵심 역량을 강화할 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다. 이에 본 연구가 유아교사의 전문적인 직무 수행 능력 향상과 자질을 배양하는 핵심역량을 기르는 것을 목적으로 하는 인성교육 프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하였다는데 의의가 있다.

역량 중심 교육과정에서는 그 어느 때보다도 교사의 전문성과 학습성이 요구된다. 본 연구는 2015 개정 교육과정에 따른 한문과 유가경전 텍스트의 핵심역량 함양 방안을 모색하는 것이다. 이 를 위해 유가경전에서 핵심 역량을 선정하고, 교과서에서의 진술 방안을 논의하고, 유가경전에서 핵심역량을 함양하는 방법을 제시하였다. 학생들은 유가경전 수업에서 ‘자기 관리 및 계발 역량’이 가장 잘 길러진 것으로 드러났다. 또한 유가경전 수업 이후 학생들이 느끼는 감정은 부정의 감정 상태에서 긍정의 감정 상태로 변화하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 유가 경전을 유가경전으로 모두 수정함. 유가경전 학습을 통해 핵심역량을 함양하기 위해서는 먼저, 교사가 유가경전 학습에 대한 내용의 전문성, 교수ꞏ학습의 전문성, 평가의 전문성을 길러야한다. 또한 단편 지식을 암기하는 교육이 아니 라, 유가경전 학습을 통하여 새로운 상황과 맥락 속에서 선택, 조절, 조합, 통합하는 메타인지와 문 제해결 능력을 기르고 새로운 가치를 생성할 수 있는 수행 능력을 신장시켜 주어야 한다. 이를 위해 교사의 역량이 지속적으로 제고될 수 있도록 소규모의 참여형 교사 연수가 필요하다고 판단된다. 유가경전 핵심역량 강화를 위한 장기적 과제로는 학습자들의 학습 부담을 줄이기 위한 중ꞏ고등학교 한문 학습용 유가경전 텍스트의 표준화와 유가경전에서의 역량 세부 지표를 제작하는 것 등이 있겠다.