“Chamgreen” was a domestically developed rye (Secale cereal L.) cultivar in South Korea, known for its quick heading, cold resistance, and abundant yield of forage. The heading date of cv. 'Chamgreen' averaged April 17th, which was 4 days earlier than the standard cv. 'Gogu'. In the early harvesting stage, the plant height reached an average of 119 cm, 7 cm taller than the standard cv. 'Gogu', and the number of spikes per ㎡ was 865, slightly less than cv. 'Gogu's 897. Resistance to cold and powdery mildow remained consistent across four regions nationwide over three years, with an average rating of 0, matching cv. 'Gogu'. Lodging resistance was also rated at 2, equivalent to cv. 'Gogu'. The dry matter yield of cv. 'Chamgreen' was 9.1 tons per hectare, 15% higher than cv. 'Gogu's 7.9 tons. Although the protein content in cv. 'Chamgreen' was 13.5%, 1.6% lower than cv. 'Gogu', the total digestible nutrients (TDN) content was 5.81 tons per hectare, 20% higher than cv. 'Gogu'. Due to its strong cold resistance, cv. 'Chamgreen' allows for winter cultivation through double cropping and rotation systems in various regions across the country.

This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of wheat-flour mixed powders and cooking properties of Sujebi based on the addition of ‘Baromi2’ rice flours for increased expansion of rice consumption. The addition rates at which a roll surface sheet was formed were selected as 0, 10, 20, 30, and 50% based on preliminary experiments with 0-90% addition rates of ‘Baromi2’. Results of physicochemical characterization showed that increasing the addition ratio of ‘Baromi2’ rice flour resulted in increased crude ash and crude fat levels, however crude protein and total starch decreased. The L*-value (lightness) increased with increasing addition ratio of ‘Baromi2’ rice flour; in contrast, a*-value (redness), b*-value (yellowness), and particle size decreased. Results of RVA showed that increasing the addition ratio of ‘Baromi2’ rice flour increased the peak, breakdown, and setback. Regarding textural properties, hardness and chewiness values were significantly reduced with increasing addition ratios of ‘Baromi2’ rice flour. Based on these results, a blending ratio of 20% or less of ‘Baromi2’ is considered suitable for producing Sujebi, and this result serves as basic data for the development of processed rice flour products using ‘Baromi2’.

충청남도농업기술원 화훼연구소에서 2021년에 개발된 ‘Pinky Lang’은 분홍색 홑꽃 타입의 스프레이 국화 신품종 이다. ‘Pinky Lang’은 2016년 10월에 육종 하우스 내에서 2016년에 순백색의 진한 녹심이 매력적인 품종으로써 선발 된 백색 홑꽃의 ‘Bodre’ 품종을 방임 수분하여 48개의 종자 를 채취했다. 채취한 종자를 2017년 파종한 뒤 우수개체로 선발되어 2017년부터 2020년까지 4년간 촉성, 억제, 자연개 화 작형별 주년생산성 검정을 수행하여 선발된 우수계통을 ‘SP17-425-01’이라 계통명을 부여하였다. 2020년 최종적으 로 우수한 계통으로써 평가 및 심의를 받은 뒤 ‘충남SP-68 호’로 명명하였고, 당해 년도 12월 직무육성 신품종 선정위원 회를 통과하여 품종명은 ‘Pinky Lang’으로 하였다. ‘Pinky Lang’은 고온기에 화색이 변하지 않고 녹심이 매우 진하며 줄 기가 튼튼한 품종이다. 여름철 흰녹병에도 강하여 고온기 수출 품종으로 적합하다고 판단되었다. ‘Pinky Lang’은 연중 3 작기 재배테스트에서 단일처리 후 개화소요일수는 자연개화 작형 52일, 촉성작형 49일, 억제작형 50일이었고, ‘Yes Luna’ 는 각각 51일, 52일, 52일로 전반적으로 개화소요일수가 짧 았다. ‘Pinky Lang’의 절화장과 줄기굵기는 각각 104.5cm, 4.71mm으로 ‘Yes Luna’가 109.5cm, 4.25mm인 것에 비 해 5cm정도 짧았고 줄기굵기는 0.46mm 더 굵었다. ‘Pinky Lang’의 꽃 크기는 5.6cm이고 ‘Yes Luna’는 6.8cm로 1.2cm 작았다. ‘Pinky Lang’의 한 줄기에 달리는 꽃의 수와 한 송이 당 꽃잎수는 각각 27.7개, 30.9매였고, ‘Yes Luna’ 는 각각 18.0개, 37.0매인 것으로 착화수는 9.7개 많았고 꽃 잎수는 6.1매 적었다. 여름철 재배테스트를 통해 확인해본 결 과 흰녹병 저항성이 높은 경향을 확인하지만, 1~10% 정도의 병반을 보여 완전저항성을 가지진 못하는 것으로 사료된다. 자연개화 작형에서 절화수명의 경우는 24.5일로 ‘Yes Luna’ 에 비해 2.1일 길었다. ‘Pinky Lang’은 과습한 경우 줄기가 연약해질 수 있기 때문에 생장억제제인 Daminozide를 처리 하여 줄기를 강건하게 하고 절화 품질의 균일도를 높여 고온 기 재배에 안정적인 생산이 가능하여 수출할 수 있다.

농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원에서는 2021년 분홍색계 소 형 호접란 ‘Arihong’을 육성하였다. 2014년 밝은 분홍색 소형 품종 Phalaenopsis ‘Wedding’와 백색 바탕에 분홍빛을 가지는 소형종 P. ‘[{KT1398-1×(KM-6)-4}×Chiangbeauty-88]-23’ 를 모본과 부본으로 교배하였다. 2018년 실생 120개체 중 잎자세, 화색, 화형, 꽃대수 등 특성이 우수한 ‘14104-1’ 개체를 선발하여 기내 화경배양을 통해 증식하였다. 2018년부터 2021년에까지 1차, 2차특성검정을 통해 품종의 안정성과 균일성을 확인한 후 ‘Arihong’로 명명하였다. 이 품종은 백색(WG155B) 바탕에 중앙 에는 보라빛 분홍색(PVG80B)을 띄며, 진한 자주색(PG78A) 순판 을 가지는 것이 특징이다. 꽃대가 2대씩 발생하고 꽃대 길이는 평균 42.1cm 소형 분화로 적절한 크기를 가지고 있다. 평피기 형태의 꽃은 길이와 폭이 각각 5.1, 5.7cm이며, 분지가 발생하여 1개의 꽃대에 13.0개의 소화가 착생한다. ‘Arihong’의 잎은 수평으로 자라며 길이와 폭이 각각 13.0cm, 4.9cm였다. 또한 초세가 우수하고 생육 속도가 빨라 엽수 확보가 용이한 특성을 보였다.

경상남도농업기술원 화훼연구소에서 2021년 화색이 연황 색이며 화심이 녹색인 미니 절화용 거베라 품종 ‘크림쿠키’ (Cream Cookie)를 육성하였다. ‘크림쿠키’ 품종은 2014년 황색 미니 ‘Sun City’를 모본으로, 백색 미니 ‘Blandy’를 부 본으로 인공교배를 실시하여 육성된 품종이다. 2021년까지 생육 및 개화 특성검정과 기호도 조사를 실시하였으며 ‘크림 쿠키’의 생육 및 개화특성을 대조품종인 ‘Sun City’와 비교하 였다. ‘크림쿠키’는 연황색(RHS 4C) 꽃잎과 녹색 화심을 가진 반겹꽃 거베라 품종이다. 화폭이 7.1cm인 작은 꽃이며, 화경 장은 58.9cm였다. 화경 직경은 상부 0.4cm, 하부 0.7cm 였 다. 외부설상화의 길이는 2.8cm이며 폭은 0.8cm였다. 개화 소요일수는 65.7일로 ‘Sun City’에 비하여 18.8일 빨랐으며, 첫 개화시 엽수는 22.4매였다. 연간 주당 절화수량은 102.3 본으로 ‘Sun City’의 82.0본에 비하여 20.3본이 많았다. 절 화수명은 17.8일로 ‘Sun City’보다 4.1일 더 길었다. ‘크림쿠 키’는 화폭이 7.1cm의 미니 품종으로 연간 주당 100본 이상 절화 생산이 가능하다. 또한 수확 후 꽃 캡 씌우기, 꽃목 보강 등 추가적인 작업을 생략할 수 있어 생산비 절감이 가능하므 로 농가보급 확대가 기대된다.

Radish is an important root vegetable in the world, and many cultivars have been developed with various molecular marker systems to identify these cultivars. Recently developed markers for radish cultivar identification require only 11 primer pairs, but they still use conventional PCR with different annealing temperatures and time-consuming gel electrophoresis. To improve the genotyping method, we applied touchdown PCR with 11 primers with M13 tails among 105 radish cultivars. Touchdown PCR successfully generated amplicons in all 11 M13-tailed primers with a condition of annealing temperature starting from 55℃, decreased by 1°C and 33 cycles at 53°C. The 11 M13-tailed primers followed by fragment analysis produced 71 amplicons, which produced more amplicons than gel electrophoresis that produced 23 amplicons. Especially, simple sequence repeats produced more amplicons, 12 on average, than the other marker types. The present study requires less effort and provides more accurate results compared to genotyping using gel electrophoresis. Besides, a database can be established using digitized genotyping results among radish cultivars.

We aimed to develop outstanding domestic varieties suitable for both columnar and cylindrical-shape substrates, aiming to replace foreign varieties. and bred a high-quality new strain named ‘Charmjon’, using genetic resources collected from Japan and China. The optimal cultivation temperature for Charmjon’s mycelial growth was found to be 25°C, and its mycelial growth at 15°C and 25°C was superior to the control variety. In terms of mycelial growth characteristics based on the substrate, Charmjon exhibited excellent mycelial strength on PDA medium compared to the control variety. Through columnar and cylindrical-shape substrates cultivation, we assessed the quantity and morphological characteristics of the fruiting bodies. The results confirmed that Charmjon can be produced stably using both cultivation methods, and it showed higher yields and individual weights than the control variety. In addition, the color of the pileus was notably darker, and the shape of the pileus varied depending on the cultivation method. The test of genetic diversity revealed that Charmjon has distinct genetic characteristics compared to the control varieties.

The development of automated bottle cultivation systems has facilitated the large-scale production of Pleurotus ostreatus, a commonly cultivated oyster mushroom species in South Korea. However, as the consumption of this product is decreasing and production quantities are exceeding demand, farmers are seeking various other mushroom types and cultivars. In response to this, we have developed a new oyster mushroom cultivar named 'Sena'. This high-yielding cultivar has a white pileus and excellent quality. The white oyster mushroom cultivars 'Goni' and 'Miso' were selected as parental strains from the genetic resources of the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science’s Mushroom Division. By crossing their monokaryons, hybrids were developed and subjected to cultivation trials and characteristic evaluations to select the superior cultivar. The optimal temperature for 'Sena' mycelial growth is 25–30°C, with inhibition occurring at temperatures above 30°C, whereas the temperature for mushroom growth is 14–18°C. The mushrooms grow in clusters, with the white pileus having a shallow funnel shape. Optimal mycelial growth occurs in malt extract agar medium. When cultivated in 1,100 cc bottles, the 'Sena' cultivar had 35 available individuals, surpassing the number 16 available from the control cultivar 'Goni'. The yield per bottle also increased by approximately 157 g, a 24% increase over the control cultivar amount. When 300 g samples of harvested mushrooms were packed and stored at 4°C in a cold storage facility for 28 days, the weight loss rate of ‘Sena’ was approximately 4.22%, lower than that of 'Goni'. Moreover, the changes in pileus and stipe whiteness (measuring 6.99 and 8.33, respectively) were also lower than those of the control cultivar. Since the appearance of a white cap is crucial for quality assessment, the 'Sena' cultivar is superior to the 'Goni' cultivar in terms of both weight and quality after undergoing lowtemperature storage.

'Hanabell' is a new ornamental crabapple cultivar bred in 2020 at the Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration. It was selected from seedlings obtained through the open-pollination of Malus baccata collected from Mt. Palgong, Gunwi-gun, and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Line selections were conducted from 2009 to 2016, and characteristic tests were evaluated from 2017 to 2019. The tree vigor and form of 'Hanabell' were determined to be medium and spreading, respectively. The flowering season of 'Hanabell' starts on April 17th and ends on May 2nd, lasting approximately 15 days. The size of 'Hanabell' flowers is approximately 48 mm, larger than that of general apple flowers, and they have a high ornamental value due to the abundance of blooms each year. Furthermore, 'Hanabell' possesses a distinct floral scent that releases a significant amount of benzyl acetate (C9H10O2) into the air during flowering, attracting bees. Subsequently, 'Hanabell' was officially submitted for variety protection to the KoreaSeed & Variety Service in 2021(Applicationno.2021-144).

The effects of punching treatment on mycelial culture and fruiting body productivity were investigated in a new Lentinula edodes cultivar, “Jadam”, in sawdust medium for the stable production of oak mushroom. As the punching volume and number increased, the weight loss rate and color difference increased and the L value decreased. After spawn inoculation, the sawdust medium temperature and CO2 concentration reached their highest values at 33 and 19 days of incubation, respectively. The O2 concentration showed the lowest value on the 14th day of incubation, which was the opposite pattern to the CO2 concentration. As the punching volume and the number increased, the medium temperature and O2 concentration increased, and the CO2 concentration decreased. Higher punching volumes and numbers resulted in higher temperatures and lower CO2 concentrations. The best fruiting body yield was 5 × 70 mm - 30 (punching diameter × depth - number), and the total yield after three cycles was 644.7 g.

A new spore-less cultivar Lentinula edodes ‘Daedam’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of ‘LE15401-24’ and ‘LE192118-10’. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of ‘Daedam’ on potato dextrose agar was 22~25oC. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from inoculation to its first harvest, was 134 days, similar to that of the control cultivar ‘Hwadam’. Total yield of ‘Daedam’ was 222g per 3kg substrate, and was lower than that of control cultivar(266.0g). The fruiting body of ‘Daedam’ had a thick and small pileus and a longer stem compare to control cultivar. As a result of a analyzing the productivity of ‘Daedam’ on the different substrate types, the biological efficiency was 26.7% in the 1.2kg cylindrical substrate(CS), which was higher than that of the 3kg rod-type substrate(RS). 'Daedam' had a similar yield compared to 'Hanacham' in first fruiting body production, but the cultivation period was 40 days shorter. Therefore, 'Daedam' can only harvest fruiting bodies once, it is thought that it can be used as spore-less oak mushroom cultivar for short-term cultivation instead of 'Hanacham' in mushroom farms.

This study was conducted to reduce the phenomenon of the biased cultivation of certain mushroom varieties and to develop a competitive variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and overseas varieties since 2015. We bred the domestic variety ‘Boram’. The optimal temperature was 26~29oC for mycelial growth and 15~18oC for fruit body growth temperature. This variety was similar to the control variety (Uram) in terms of the number of cultivation days and yield per bottle. The shape of the new cultivar was round, whereas that of the control group was spatula-like. The yield was 181.1 g/bottle, which was statistically similar to that of the control variety. When incubating the parent and control varieties, the replacement line was clear. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction analysis of mycelial DNA resulted in different band patterns between the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

동절기 절화장미의 양액재배 시 생장조절제 종류 및 처리농 도에 따른 생육변화에 대해 검토하였다. 장미 ‘수려(Suryeo)’ 품종을 이용하여 동절기 양액재배 시 생장조절제인 BA, CCC, Kinetin, 4-CPA, TDZ를 농도별로 처리하였다. 생장 조절제 중에 Kinetin, BA와 TDZ가 절화장미 ‘수려’ 품종 재 배생육에 영향을 주었다. Kinetin은 초장과 절화장이 길어지 고, 꽃잎수 및 상품수량이 증가하였으며, 처리농도에 따른 영 향이 비교적 안정적으로 나타났다. BA는 절화장 및 절화 수확 일수가 짧아지고 절화수량이 많아지며, 수확량 및 비상품화율 도 높아져 사용 시 주의가 필요하다. TDZ는 생육억제와 상품 수량이 감소하였으나, 그 외 CCC와 4-CPA처리시 영향은 크 지 않았다. ‘수려’와 같은 장미에 동절기 생장조절제 처리시 생육과 수량을 높이기 위해서는 Kinetin 처리가 효과적인 것 으로 보인다. 향후에도 동절기 절화장미 생산성 향상을 위해 서 더 많은 생장조절제 처리 및 농도에 대한 연구가 지속적으 로 이루어 져야 할 것으로 판단된다.