The endothelium, a continuous monolayer of cells that surrounds blood vessels, has a variety of physiological roles. Chronic exposure to psychological and physical stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation activates the endothelial signaling cascade, resulting in vascular dysfunction such as vasospasm, thrombosis, and abnormal vascular proliferation. Aging is also a significant factor in vascular dysfunction, mainly developing structural and functional changes in the endothelium. The molecules involved in endothelial dysfunction are typically angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Tie2, and tight junction proteins. Ang-1, an oligomeric-secreted glycoprotein, is required for the correct organization and maturation of newly-formed vessels. Ang-1 binding to tyrosine kinase receptors Tie-2 leads to the phosphorylation and activation of multiple signaling pathways related to vascular permeability. Endothelial junctions are another vital target of Tie-2 activation. Nutrition and food are closely connected with vascular dysfunction and permeability. The caloric restriction prevents age-related declines in endothelial function. Dietary patterns that prioritize moderate intake of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and lean meats improve endothelial function in the elderly. Natural products such as Centella asiatica, Pueraria montana, and Piper retrofractum have also been shown to help inhibit endothelial dysfunction. This review provides an update on aging-related vascular dysfunction and the role of food and nutrition.

최근 조직공학 기술의 발달로 재해와 질병으로 인한 손상된 조직과 장기의 대체연구들 이 진행되고 있다. 장기 대체 연구의 핵심 요소 중 하나는 재건된 조직이나 장기가 혈관 망을 형성하여 host tissue로부터 양분과 산소의 전달이다. 본 연구는 조직공학 기법을 이용하여 장기 재건에 필수적인 혈관 재건을 위해 혈관을 구성하는 주세포인 endothelial cell을 체외에서 배양하는 것이다. Endothelial cell(EC)배양을 위해서는 세포지지체인 세 포외 기질(External cellular metrics, ECM)을 필요로 하기 때문에 ECM중에 대표적인 collagen과 gelatin을 사용하여 지지체에 따른 체외배양능을 비교하였다. 실험 동물로는 돼지 대동맥을 채취하여, 대동맥 속에 collagenase type I을 주입하고, 혈관의 입·출구를 봉합한 상태로 10분 간 37℃에서 처리하였다. 관류된 용액은 10% FBS가 함유된 기본배 양액(EGM-2 media)을 사용하여 2번 수세한 후 회수된 세포를 각각의 ECM이 처리된 dish위에서 배양 하였다. EC세포인지를 확인하기 위해서 EC표지 인자인 CD31과 vWF 항체의 발현을 flow cytometry로 확인 하였고, 회수된 세포에서 두 단백질이 모두 발현 되었다. ECM에 따른 EC의 세포 형태를 비교하였을 때 형태학적 차이는 없었다. Basement Membrane Extract위에서 calcein-AM으로 염색된 EC는 ECM의 종류와 상관 없이 2-6시간 사이에 Tube Formation을 보였다. 또한 endothelial cell의 표지 마크인 CD31, Flk1, vWF의 mRNA 발현양과 IHC에 의한 단백질 발현을 조사한 결과 collagen 지지체 위에서 배양된 endothelial cells에서 발현양이 더 높았다. 결론적으로 두 가지 ECM에서 모두 성공적으로 endothelial cell의 배양이 가능하지만 collagen위에서 배양된 endothelial cell이 더 우수한 maintenance능력을 가짐을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Three edible mushrooms; "Gumbit"(Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus) and Noeul"(Pleurotus salmoneostramineus) and Tricholoma spectabilis which are widely distributed in China, Japan and Korea. For the study of anti-aging activities, we were performed on adriamycin-induced cellular senescence model. Human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs) and human umbilical endothelial cells(HUVECs) treated with adriamycin for inducing aging were used for cytotoxicity and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase(SA-β-gal) activity assay.

Cordyceps militar is (Clavicipitales) is an edible mushroom which is widely distributed in China, Japan and Korea. Various phytochemical constituents, cordycepin, homocitrully laminoadenosine and sterols have been reported from this source and a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, macrophage activation, anticancer, immune modulatory effects were studied. In a continuing search for bioactive constituents from Korean mushrooms, we performed a phytochemical investigation of the MeOH extract from the fruiting bodies of C. militaris. By repeated column chromatographic separation of the extract, fourteen compounds, were isolated. The identification and structural elucidation of the compound was based on NMR spectral data. anti-aging activities were performed on adriamycin-induced cellular senescence model. Human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs) and human umbilical endothelial cells(HUVECs) treated with adriamycin for inducing aging were used for cytotoxicity and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase(SA-β-gal) activity assay.

당뇨망막병증은 서구에서 성인들의 실명을 일으키는 원인이다. 당뇨병이 있을 때 고혈당증은 여러 세포 형태에서 세포자연사를 유도하지만 그 기작은 명확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구의 목적은 인간망막 내피세포에서 고혈당 포도당이 세포자연사에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 망막 내피세포는 5, 25, 50 mM 포도당이 포함된 IMDM배지에서 37℃, 5% CO2조정된 항온기에서 24, 36, 48시간 동안 배양하였다. 여러 농도의

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) are the most important angiogenic molecules associated with tumor-induced neovascularization. This study was carried out to investigate inhibitory effect of extracts from root of Rehmannia glutinosa LIBOSCHITZ (Rehmannia Radix and Rehmannia Radix Preparata) on endothelial cell proliferation. The methanol extracts from the medicinal herb were fractionated into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. Among the four fractions, the n-butanol fraction from R. Radix on exhibited highly effective inhibition (≈79% inhibition) on the binding of KDR/Flk-1-Fc to immobilized VEGF165 and then ethyl acetate fraction from R. Radix (≈45% inhibition) at the concentration of 100 μg/ml. The n-butanol fraction efficiently blocked the VEGF- and bFGF-induced HUVEC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, but did not affect the growth of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. The n-butanol fraction more efficiently blocked the binding of KDR/Flk-1-Fc to immobilized VEGF165 and VEGF- and bFGF-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation than the fraction from R. Radix Preparata. Our results suggest that Rehmannia Radix may be used as a candidate for developing anti-angiogenic agent.