It is well documented that giant cells can be observed in some types of odontogenic tumors such as central odontogenic tumor and dentinogenic ghost cell tumor. However, the presence of stromal giant cells has only rarely been reported in ameloblastoma, although being the most common epithelial odontogenic tumor. In this study, we present a novel case of peripheral ameloblastoma associated with peripheral giant cell granuloma arising in the mandibular alveolar mucosa of a 65-year-old male patient. The possible pathogenesis of this combined lesion will be discussed, in addition to the review of previous reports of ameloblastoma accompanied by stromal giant cells.

The abnormal meat could caused by abscess, fibrosis and granuloma in the region of the neck by the adverse effect of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination practice for Korean swine. After FMD vaccination was implemented in 2010, the number of incidences of abnormal meat has been increasing. In this study, it was evaluated whether needless intradermal injection (NII) of FMD vaccine reduces abnormal meat at the injection site in comparison to conventional intramuscular injection (IM). In addition, the onset of humoral immunity was analyzed in order to see if NII of this vaccine is able to mount comparable antibody response with IM. This study was carried out in four Korean pig farms. The O-type FMD vaccine was implemented via NII at three farms and the control group was vaccinated via IM. Antibody titers were compared from the serum samples taken from 10 random pigs at age of 8, 12, 16 and 22~24 weeks of age. The O+A type FMD vaccine was also compared with the same protocol. When test animals were slaughtered, incidence, type and size of abnormal meat were recorded. The results of this study showed that the antibody titers between intradermal and intramuscular group were similar but a significant difference in the incidence of abnormal meat formation was observed between two groups (p < 0.05). In summary, needless intradermal injection of FMD vaccination was proven to be effective for the onset of humoral immunity and reducing abnormal meat formation.

A 2-year-old, spayed male Bengal cat was referred to our clinic due to a mass lesion on the upper lip, as well as lower lip swelling and redness. Furthermore, well-circumscribed, raised, pink lesions were found in the oral cavity. Complete blood counts (CBC) and serum biochemistry profiles revealed no remarkable findings. Bacterial and fungal cultures of the lesion in the oral cavity were negative. Fine needle aspiration of the lesions revealed numerous eosinophils. Based on both clinical examination and cytological evaluation, the cat was diagnosed with feline eosinophilic granuloma. As an initial treatment, oral prednisolone (PDS) with cyclosporine was administered. However, the cyclosporine caused the cat to vomit. The lesion was markedly improved after 2 weeks of PDS-only therapy; this was subsequently tapered for 2 months and discontinued. However, one month later, the lesion had relapsed. The cat was then treated for one month using tacrolimus with PDS, and the clinical signs of eosinophilic granuloma gradually improved. The tacrolimus was gradually tapered for 1 month, and the PDS was gradually tapered for 4 months. There is no standard protocol for the investigation and treatment of feline eosinophilic granuloma. The cat in this report was administered immunosuppressive therapies to treat eosinophilic granuloma. This case report provides evidence the combination of PDS and tacrolimus is effective for reducing relapse in feline eosinophilic granuloma.

Cholesterol granuloma(CG) occurs frequently in association with chronic middle ear diseases, particularly diseases in the mastoid antrum and air cells of the temporal bone, and much less frequently in paranasal sinuses. It occurs frequently secondary to massive hemorrhage of oral and paraoral cysts. However, It has never been reported to occur solely without any association with preexisting lesion in the mandible. We experienced development of unusual cholesterol granuloma in the mandible. Seventy year old female presented diffuse hard swelling on the left mandibular area with lymphadenopathy of the left cervical lymph node. Radiographic examination showed a well circumscribed multilocular radiolucency resembling soap bubble appearance with tooth displacement and root resorption, leading to the radiogrphic impression of dentigerous cyst or odontogenic cyst or ameloblastoma. CT showed bucco-lingually undulating expansile lesion with corticated margin from the left posterior mandibular body to the anterior ramus, including #46, #47 and #48, and the mass showed slightly lower attenuation than muscle. leading to the impression of ameloblastoma. The mass after surgical excision composed of 2 sac like structures, measuring 4.0cm, and 2.7cm in diameter respectively. One sac was tightly attached to the #46, resembling dentigerous cyst. Microscopic examination showed a large number of cholesterol clefts in association with hemorrhage, hemosiderin pigments and foreign body giant cells. There was no evidence of cyst or other lesions

Traumatic eosinoph ilic gra nul oma(TEG) of the oral mucosa is considered to be a reactive benign lesion, which commonly ma nifests as an ulcer with eleva ted and indurated borders Clinically. this lesion simulates a maligna nt tumor Hi s to logy shows a diffut;e‘ dense. polymorphic. and eosinophil-rich cellular infiltrate. which extends deeply into the un derl ying soft ti ss ues‘ A major constituent of infïltrates is a population of mitotically active, large. atypical monol1 uclear cell s . Immunohi stologic eval uation of the large atypical cells has suggested a myofibroblastic 0 1' histi ocyti c origi 1γ However ‘ recent reports have shown that these cells are positive for CD30 antigen. We have descr ibed a case of ora l mucosal lesions with featu res of TEG that had a CD68 posite atypical cells. The large cells showed s trong pos itive for CD68‘ but negative for CD30. The sma ll Iymphocy tic cells exprerssed CD3. This case was interpreted as an atypical histiocytic g ran uloma .

T:raumat ic eosinophili c granuloma(TEG) of the oral mucosa is considered to be a reactive benign lesion. which commonly manifests as an ulcer with elevated and indurated borders Clinically, this lesion simulates a malignant tumor. Histology shows a diffuse. dense, polyrnorphic, and eosinophil - rich cellular infiltra te. which extends deeply into the underlying soft t issues. A major constituent of infil trates is a population of mitotically active‘ la rge‘ atypi cal mononuclear cells. Immunohistologic evaluation of the large atypical cells has suggested a myofibroblastic 01' his tiocytic ol'igin. However, recent reports have shown that these cells are positive 1'01' CD30 antigen and it has been s llggested tha t a subset of TEG cOllld be included within the spectrum of CD30+ lymphoprolifer ative disorders. We have described 2 patients who had oral mllcosal lesions with features of TEG. ln patient 1. the lesiona l cells expressed CD3 .. CD43, LCA. Interestingly, the large cells were strongly CD30 positive. bl1t nega tive for CD68, CD45Ro‘ CD56, CD20. This case was interpreted as a CD30+ Iymphoproliferative disorder. In pa tient 2‘ t he la rge cell s showed strong posit ive for CD68, hut negative for CD30 The small lymphocytic cells ex prerssed CD3 This case was interpreted as an atypical histiocytic granuloma. Therefore, TEGs inclllde atypical histiocytic granllloma a long with the CD30+ lymphoid lesions. These findings suggested that TEG w0111d be a hete rogenous category of oral mucosal di sorders

Cholesterol granuloma(CG) occurs frequently in association with chronic middle ear diseases. pa rti cul arly dis eases in the mastoid antrum a nd ai r cells of the tempora l bone. and much less frequent ly in paranasal sinuses, It occurs f1'eq uentJy seconda1'Y to massive hemor1'hage of oral and pal'aol'aJ cysts, Howeve1'. It has nevel' been I'eported to OCCUI' solely wi thout any association of pl'eexisting lesion in the mandibJe We expel'ienced development of unusuaJ cholestel'ol granuloma in the mandible, Seventy year old female pl'e sented diffuse ha1'd swelling on the left mandibular a rea with Iymphadenopathy in the left cer vical Iymph node Radi og1'aphic exarnination showed a well circumsc ribed multi locular radiolucency resembling soap bubble appeara nce with tooth di s placement and root resorption‘ leading to the radiogrphic imp1'ession of dentigerous cyst 0 1' 。dontogenic cys t or amelobJas toma, CT showed bucco-lingua lly undul ating expansi le lesion with co rticated ma l'gin from the left posterior mandibular bocly to the anterior ramus. including #46, #47 ancl #43. and the mass containing in the lesion showed s lightly lower a ttenuation than muscJe leading to the impression of ameloblastoma, The mass aftel' surgical excis ion composed of 3 sac like structures, measuring 4,1 cm, 1, 3cm ancl 1.4cm in diame ter respectively, One sac was t ightl y a ttached to the #46. l'eRembling dentigerous cyst, Mi croscopic examination showed a large numbel' of c h이 es te rol clefts in association with hemol'rhage, hemosiderin pigments and fO l'eign body giant cells, There was no evidence of cyst 0 1' other lesions, CG should be taken into diffe l'enti a l diagnosis in addition to odontogenic cysts and tumors when radiographica lly well ci rcumscribed multilocuJal' radiolucent lesion occurs

The dentigerous cyst(DC) and giant cell granuloma(GCG) in the jaws are well known entities that have been extensively reviewed. However, a search of the literature failed to reveal simulataneous occurrence of these two lesions. We describe a case of DC displaying foci of GCG-like lesion of a 11-year-old Korean girl. The lesion exhibited the characteristic histologic features of DC, which included a lining epithelium with underlying fibromyxoid stroma. The most intersting aspect of this lesion, however, was the presence of a prominant histologic component that resembled GCG. The most probable diagnosis was GCG-like lesion in association with a DC.

Various treatment modalities for vocal process granuloma include simple observation, antireflux therapy, voice therapy, botulinum injection, and steroid inhalation, but recurrence rates are high. Surgical excision can be considered in refractory and recurrent cases. In this study, the authors report the effectiveness of surgical excision using a carbon-dioxide laser with topical Mitomycin-C for the treatment of recurrent vocal process granuloma. The study included 28 patients with recurrent vocal process granuloma despite various treatments. The vocal process granuloma was excised using a carbon-dioxide laser and 1 cc of 0.4 mg/mL topical Mitomycin-C was applied for 4 minutes. Follow-up duration was 13-33 months (mean, 21.8 months). Of 28 patients, 19 (67.9%) were cured. Two who received surgical excision as a first-line treatment, 2 who used a steroid inhaler as a first-line treatment, and 5 who previously took antireflux medication as initial treatment showed recurrence. Surgical excision using a carbon-dioxide laser with topical application of Mitomycin-C is considered effective for recurrent vocal process granuloma.