This study was conducted to investigate the anti-obesity effect of Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus After inducing obesity by feeding hight fat diet (diet induced obesity model: DIO) for four weeks, each 8 rats were assigned to normal (Nor), high fat diet (HF), high fat diet containing orlistat (PC), high fat diet containing different concentration of Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus (UPDM_L, UPDM_H) and Discorea Japonica Thunb. (UPD) extract. Although the UPD, UPDM_L (ultrafine pulverized Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus: 400 mg/kg) and UPDM_H (DIO oral administration ultrafine pulverized Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus: 800 mg/kg) showed weight gain inhibition effects, the results of poor obesity inhibition rather than PC were confirmed. However, it showed a more effective weight loss effect in UPDM_H than UPD, and significantly reduced the weight of epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat. Furthermore, the possibility of anti-obesity effects of Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus can be confirmed by observing the effects of reducing serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL concentrations, reducing ALT and AST levels, and inhibiting fat build-up in liver tissue. It is believed that Discorea Japonica Thunb. fermented with Monascus can be expected to utilize as a functional material that is important to improve anti-obesity and metabolic syndrome.

This study was carried out to determine the action mechanism of sulfur-grain larvae extract (SGE) on anti-obesity and the reduction of blood lipid level in high-fat diet induced obese model animals. Animals were classified into a normal diet group (NC, normal control), HFD (high-fat diet without SGE), HFD 15 (high-fat diet + oral administration of 15 mg of SGE extract per 100 g body weight) and HFD 30 (high-fat diet + oral administration of 30 mg of SGE extract per 100 g body weight). The body weight gain declined in HFD 15 and HFD 30 groups compared with the HFD group, even though the diet intake increased significantly. The weight of liver and adipose tissue increased significantly in HFD group compared with in the HFD 15 and HFD 30 groups. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and AI decreased in HFD 15 and HFD 30 groups compared with in the HFD group, but the contents of HDL-C increased significantly. Expression of SREPB-1α, SREPB-2 mRNA in the liver was lower in the high-fat diet group compared with the HFD group, but the expression of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue and PPARα increased significantly. Fat accumulation in the liver tissues and liver damage were greatly reduced in HFD 15 and HFD 30 groups compared with in the HFD group. The size of adipocytes became smaller in the HFD 15 and HFD 30 groups compared with HFD group. In conclusion, this research discovered for the first time that grain maggot has anti-obesity effects, by reducing the abdominal fat of obese model animals and lowering blood lipid level through the down-regulation of PPAR-1α and SREPB-2 mRNA and the up-regulation of PPAR-α mRNA.

씀바귀추출물이 비만을 유도한 흰쥐의 지질강하 및 항산화 효과에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 혈장 유리지방산과 triglyceride농도는 대조군과 비교하여 씀바귀추출물 투여군은 농도 의존적으로 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 혈장 내 total cholesterol 농도와 LDL-cholesterol 농도는 씀바귀추출물 투여군 모두에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나, HDL-cholesterol농도는 처리군 들 간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 간장 total cholesterol과 triglyceride량은 씀바귀추출물 투여군 들이 대조군보다 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 혈장 및 간장의 TBARS 농도는 씀바귀추출물 투여군 들 모두가 대조군보다 유의하게 낮은 값을 나타내었다. GSH-Px, SOD 및 CAT의 활성치는 씀바귀추출물 투여군 들이 대조군보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. TNF-α, Apo-B, Apo-E 및 Leptin의 gene expression은 씀바귀추출물 투여군이 대조군보다 낮은 expression을 나타내었다. β-actin expression에 대한 TNF-α, Apo-B, Apo-E 및 Leptin의 gene expression의 비율은 TNF-α와 Apo-E는 대조군보다 씀바귀추출물 투여군 들이 낮은 경향을 보였으나, Apo-B 및 Leptin의 비율은 대조군을 비롯한 씀바귀추출물 투여군 들 간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해보면, 씀바귀 추출물은 지질강하 및 항산화에 긍정적인 효과를 나타내었음을 시사해준다.

Effects of Gal geun (Puerariae Radix) EtOH ext. on lipid lowering and antioxidant were investigated in hyperlipidemic rat. Concentration of FFA and triglyceride in plasma showed a tendency to decrease in Gal geun ext. groups. Concentration of plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased in Gal geun ext. groups. However the concentration of HDL-cholesterol showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. Concentration of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride showed a tendence to decrease in Gal geun ext. groups. Concentration of plasma and liver TBARS showed a low values in Gal geun ext. groups. The values of GSH-Px and SOD activity showed no significantly different among all the treatment groups. However the values of SOD and CAT activity showed a high value in the Gal geun ext. groups.

The effects of hwangryun(Coptidis Rhizoma) on lowering lipid and oxidative stress in the induced obesity rat was observed. The concentration of plasma triglyceride in hwangryun treatment groups showed the low values compared to the control group, and as the increased hwangryun, the concentration of triglyceride decreased. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol decreased in all hwangryun treatment groups. However the concentration of plasma HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentration in plasma and liver showed low values in all hwangryun treatment groups compared to the control group. Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. However catalase(CAT) activity showed a tendence to increase in hwangryun groups, and in 200mg/kg hwangryun treatment group showed significantly a high value than the control group. Summarizing the results above, hwangryun has the functional materials that lowering lipid and works with oxidative stress.

청각 추출액이 비만을 유도한 흰쥐의 지질강하 및 항산화효과에 미치는 영향을 검토했다. 각 처리군 별 유리지방산의 농도는 청각 처리군 모두가 대조군보다 낮은 값을 보였다. Triglyceride 량은 대조군과 비교하여 청각 처리군이 유의하게 낮은 값을 보였으며, 청각 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 하락했다. 혈액 내 total cholesterol 및 LDL-cholesterol농도는 청각 처리군 모두에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 HDL-cholesterol량은 대조군을 비롯하여 전 처리군에서 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 간장 내 total cholesterol과 triglyceride량은 청각 처리군 모두에서 하락하는 경향을 보여 정상군의 수준을 유지하였다. 혈장 및 간장의 TBARS 농도는 청각처리군 모두가 하락하는 경향을 보였으며, 정상군의 수준과 유사한 수치를 나타내었다. GSH-Px의 활성치는 청각 처리량이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보여, 200mg/kg 처리군에서는 정상군의 활성치와 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 SOD 활성치는 청각처리에 관계없이 정상군을 비롯한 전 처리군에서 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 또한 CAT의 활성치는 청각 처리군에서 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 대조군과 유의한 차이를 나타내지는 않았다.

The present study examined the effects of Schizandra chinensis extract on the serum lipid composition and the antioxidant of rats in which obesity was induced through high fat diet. Fifty male Sprague-Dawely rats weighing 163.91±4.17g on the average were adjusted to basic diet and laboratory environment and were fed with high fat diet freely for 6 weeks to induce obesity. Forty rats, the final weight of which was 400g, were selected and were divided into a control group(C), treated groups(T I ; body weight of 100mg/kg, TII ; 150mg/kg and TIII ; 200mg/kg), 10 heads of similar weight for each, and test breeding was performed for 4 weeks. During the test breeding, all treated groups were fed with basic diet and difference in intake among the treated groups were maintained to be less than 5%. According to the result, the quantity of Triglyceride in serum was lower in all of the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than the control group, but the difference was not significant except the treated group of 200mg (P〉0.05). The quantity of Total cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than in the control group (P〈0.05) but differences according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied were not observed. The quantity of HDL-cholesterol was not significantly different among all the groups including the control group (P〈0.05) and no regular tendency of change in the quantity was observed according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied. The quantity of LDL-cholesterol was lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis, but the treated group of 100mg was not significantly different from the control group. The quantity of TBARS in serum was lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than in the control group (P〈0.05), but no regular tendency of change in the quantity was observed according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied. The quantity of liver TBARS was not significantly different among all the treated groups (P〉0.05). The levels of glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and catalase activity were higher in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis treated group than in the control group (P〈0.05), and the treated group of 200mg showed the highest activity among the treated groups.