Perceived air quality (PAQ) is defined as evaluation of indoor air satisfaction and comfortable sensory by occupants. However, there are differences between criteria of indoor pollutants and lowest sensory thresholds. In this study, we compared indoor PAQ by questionnaire with measured benzene, toluene and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations in home indoors. The NO2 concentration was the highest in Seoul, while benzene and toluene were the highest in Asan. Average PAQ score in winter was higher than that in summer. Significant correlations between PAQs of home indoor air pollution and measured pollutant concentrations were not shown and correlation coefficients (r) ranged between -0.453<r<0.258. Several groups have been divided to analyze what may affect PAQ scores such as gender, city, home indoor smoking, passive smoking, and self-reported respiratory symptoms. Gender, city, and self-reported respiratory symptoms by indoor air quality were associated with high PAQ scores by using of logistic regression analysis. We are confirmed that no association between concentrations of home indoor pollutant and PAQ scores. Therefore we further need to develop new indicator indoor air pollutants, measurement, and evaluation by PAQ.

Due to the rapid changes in world trade and shipping environment, today's ports face ever-increasing competition, from adjacent competing ports. To this reason, port service quality has been recognized as an important strategy to take competitive advantage for those competition. In general, service quality has effect on customer loyalty, and customer loyalty is the resource to sustain competitive advantage which service providers or service producers. By improving customer loyalty, companies can get more benefits and added value. However, this causality qf port service quality has not been clearly identified. Thus, various empirical studies in relation to port service quality are needed. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of perceived port service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. To achieve this aim, we established 8 hypotheses based on SERVPERF in order to test correlations of 5 dimensions of port service, port service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. From the result of the hypothesis testing, we found that customer satisfaction and port service quality do not affect customer loyalty in spite of high effect of port service on customer satisfaction.

Service is the source of firm's competitive advantage in recent years. The importance of service quality in any service industry doesn't need to be disputed. Customers have expected the improvement of the quality of service they receive ,so providers are struggling to meet these expectations. This study aims at finding factors of service quality in passenger transportation. An empirical investigation and the measurement on the perceived Service Quality by customers in the passenger transportation system was carried out. The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors of service quality on the basis of service marketing concept. In order to fulfill the objectives, this paper combines research tools that include both empirical study and documentary research. Data was gathered from 239 passengers by the use of questionnaire. In this study, the established hypotheses were generated on the basis of the service quality evaluation (SERVQUAL) model. Research findings through empirical test are as follows. First, five service quality dimensions in passenger transportation are identical to SERVQUAL dimensions defined by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry in 1988. Second, demographic segments such as gender and age don't have significant different dimension of service quality. Third, there is no significant difference between groups by experiences such as price level, abroad tour and vehicle type in determinants of transportation service quality.

The importance of service quality in any service industry cannot be disputed. Shippers have increased expectations concerning the quality of shipping service they receive and carriers are struggling to meet these expectations. This struggle between shipper and carriers would suggest that there is room to improve much more understandings of how shipper define shipping service quality in the carriers' perspectives. This is an empirical investigation and study on the measurement of customer response and service quality as perceived by customer in the international transportation logistics system. The purpose of this study is to clarify factors of shipping service quality on the basis of service marketing concept. In order to fulfill the objectives, this paper combined research tools that include both empirical study and documentary research. Data was gathered from 132 freight forwarder by the use of questionnaire. In this study, the established hypotheses were generated on the basis of the service quality evaluation model(SERVQUAL, SERVPERF, and EP) and Gap model.

The purpose of this study is to suggest the estimation model of `amenity environment` by Perceived Environmental Quality Index(PEQI) model. A questionnaire survey was carried out for the study area of Taegu-Kyungbuk region. Sampling size was 838(427 of Taegu and 411 of Kyungbuk) residents by stratified sampling of each region`s(7 Gu for Taegu, 7 Cities & Gun for Kyungbuk) population. The survey was done during Sep. to Nov. of 1996. The suggested model was composed of four estimation categories and 16 indicators. The four categories were `Cleanness & Quietness`, `Naturalness & Harmony`, `Beauty & Comfort` and `Environmental Conservation Efforts`. And each category has several individual indicators. The weighted means of satisfaction were different by each region. Suseong-gu, Dalseogu, Joong-gu(Taegu), Kimcheon, Andong, and Cheondo(Kyungbuk) showed high environmental satisfaction, but Dong-gu, Seo-gu(taegu), Youngcheon, and Pohang(Kyungbuk) showed lower environmental satisfaction. By Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) of weighting values for each categorirs, `Environmental Conservation Efforts` was estimated as the most important(value of 0.367), and `Naturalness & Harmony`(0.242), `Clenness & Quietness`(0.225), and `Beauty & Comfort`(0.166) were important respectively. Total PEQI`s were estimated as 48.0 for Taegu, and 53.3 for Kyungbuk. PEQI`s for each regions were between 46.2(Dong-gu) and 59.9(Kimcheon). The validity of the suggested model was verified by factor analysis. The four factors were identified as the same categories and indicators. Finally, The LISREL+7 model was suggested as estimation model of `Amenity Environment` for Taegu-Kyungbuk region.