A space launch vehicle system represents a typical example of large-scale multi-disciplinary systems, consisting of subsystems such as mechanical structure, electronics, control, telecommunication, propulsion, material engineering etc. A lot of cost is

There has been a rapid increase of the concern on the space radiation effect on pilots, crew and passengers at the commercial aircraft altitude (~ 10 km) recently. It is because domestic airline companies, Korean Air and Asiana Airlines have just begun operating the polar routes over the North Pole since 2006 and 2009 respectively. CARI-6 and CARI-6M are commonly used space radiation estimation programs which are provided officially by the U.S. federal aviation administration (FAA). In this paper, the route doses and the annual radiation doses for Korean pilots and cabin crew were estimated by using CARI-6M based on 2012 flight records. Also the modeling concept was developed for our own space radiation estimation program which is composed of GEANT4 and NRLMSIS00 models. The GEANT4 model is used to trace the incident particle transports in the atmosphere and the NRLMSIS00 model is used to get the background atmospheric densities of various neutral atoms at the aircraft altitude. Also presented are the results of simple integration tests of those models and the plan to include the space weather variations through the solar proton event (SPE) prediction model such as UMASEP and the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) prediction model such as Badhwar-O’Neill 2010.

Domestic marina facilities today consist mostly of composite-type marinas with particular spatial composition characteristics, due to the regulatory restrictions that keep their development in the public sector and the tepid growth of marine leisure-sports. To develop a marina club design appropriate for domestic conditions, this study establishes space program standards for designing Korean marinas based on a case analysis of existing marina clubs and a survey of floating marina clubs. It is possible for a current composite-type Korean marina club to have a spatial composition of 16~18% for marina-exclusive facility (mFA), 47~49% for commercial facility (cFA), 27~30% for public space (pFA) and 5~8% for management space (emFA). With this composition as a basis, space program estimation of a Korean marina club can be done through the process of estimating in order the marina-exclusive facility area, the floor area by each space and the total floor area, the first floor area, the deck area and the pontoon area. Since the space program established in this study can be utilized as a tool for designing a Korean marina club, it is expected to be helpful in designing marina clubs in the future.

한국의 등대는 1903년 6월 팔미도에서 점등된 것을 기점으로 지난 2003년에 건립 100주년을 맞이하였다. 등대는 본래 천혜의 자연조건 속에 입지해 있고, 바다와 관련된 시적 감흥을 간직하고 있으며, 태양에너지 등을 동력원으로 하는 친환경적인 건측시설이다. 이처럼 등대는 그 잠재석 가치와 개발 가능성이 높은 시설이다. 그 가운데 적절하게 개발된 유인등대는 이제 전통적인 기능과 역할에 충실한 항로표지일 뿐만 아니라 온 국민이 향유하고 체험하는 새로운 사설이자 공간이 되였다. 따라서 유인등대를 친수공간으로 개발할 경우 보다 체계적이고 미래지향적인 건축사설, 운영프로그램 그리고 관련제도 등이 수반되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 해양수산부의 친수공간개발사업이 실시된 이래 전국의 유인등대가 보다 더 적절하게 활용되기 위해 다각도로 검토되어야 할 논제들을 밝히고자 의도하였다.

FORTRAN program PHYLS was developed to model the structures of 2:1 1M and 2M1 phyllosilicates on the basis of geometrical analyses. Input to PHYLS requires the chemical composition and d(001) spacing of the mineral. The output from PHYLS consists of the coordinates of the crystallographically independent sites in the unit cell, and such structural parameters as the cell dimensions, interaxial angle, cell volume, interatomic distances, and deformation angles of the polyhedra. PHYLS can generate these structural details according to the user's choice of space group and cation configuration. User can choose one of such space groups as C2/m, C2,and C2/c and such cation configurations as random and ordered tetrachedral/octahedral cation configurations. PHYLS simulated the structures of dioctahedral and trioctahedral phyllosilicates having random tetrahedral cation configuration fairly close to the reported experimentally determined structures. In contrast, the simulated structures for ordered tetrahedral cation configurations showed greater deviation from the experimentally determined structures than those for random configurations. However, if the cations were partially ordered and the sizes of the tetrahedra became similar, the simulated PHYLS may be helpful in various investigations on the relationships between structures and physicochemical properties of the phyllosilicates.