In this investigation, samples of the chemical (Hg1-xPbxBa2Ca1.8Mg0.2Cu3O8+δ) were prepared utilizing a solid-state reaction technique with a range of lead concentrations (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20). Specimens were pressed at 8 tons per square centimeter and then prepared at 1,138 K in the furnace. The crystalline structure and surface topography of all samples were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction results showed that all of the prepared samples had a tetragonal crystal structure. Also, the results showed that when lead was partially replaced with mercury, an increase in the lead value impacted the phase ratio, and lattice parameter values. The AFM results likewise showed excellent crystalline consistency and remarkable homogeneity during processing. The electrical resistivity was calculated as a function of temperature, and the results showed that all samples had a contagious behavior, as the resistivity decreased with decreasing temperature. The critical temperature was calculated and found to change, from 102, 96, 107, and 119 K, when increasing the lead values in the samples from 0.0 to 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20, respectively.

본 연구는 자살생존 배우자의 애도경험을 보다 새롭고 깊이 있게 탐구 하기 위한 목적으로 Aguirre와 Bolton(2014)이 제시한 질적 해석적 메 타통합 방법(Qualitative Interpretive Meta Synthesis, QIMS)을 적용 하였다. 연구의 목적은 1차 질적 문헌연구들을 수집하고 이를 체계적으 로 분석하여 자살생존 배우자들의 애도경험을 이해하고, 이들의 회복과 삶의 재건을 도울 수 있는 새로운 실천방안을 발굴하는 것이다. 이를 위 해 2010년부터 2023년 9월까지 국내에서 수행된 자살생존 배우자 애도 경험에 관한 7편의 질적 논문을 최종분석에 포함하였고, 자살생존 배우 자 34명의 진술을 분석하였다. 자료범위의 축소와 주제 추출 및 통합 과 정을 통해 새롭고 의미 있게 도출된 내용은 39개의 주제범주, 12개의 통 합주제로 결집하였다. 이를 다시 근거이론의 패러다임 모형에 재배열하 여 구조화하였다. 마지막으로 연구결과에 근거하여 자살생존 배우자들의 애도경험을 체계적으로 해석 기술했으며, 자살생존 배우자들의 회복을 돕는 실천방안을 제시했다.

본 연구의 목적은 질적 해석적 메타통합(QIMS, Qualitative Interpretive Meta Synthesis)을 활용하여 장애인의 레질리언스 과정의 경험을 보다 새롭고 깊이 있게 탐색하는 것이다. QIMS는 전문직의 가치와 목표를 뒷 받침하는 사회사업을 위해 특별히 개발된 연구방법으로, 연구주제에 대 한 심층적인 이해를 창출하기 위해 특정주제에 초점을 맞춘 개별 질적연 구를 통합하는 방법이다. 2023년 9월 이전까지 국내에서 발표된 8편의 질적논문을 최종분석에 포함하였고, 총 69명의 장애인들이 진술한 내용 을 시너지적 이해로 분석하였다. 합의된 해석에 따른 시너지적 이해로 새롭고 의미 있게 생성된 주요주제는 (1) 선택의 여지없이 장애라는 삶 으로의 전환, (2) 장애를 갖게 된 것보다 더한 절망과 통증들, (3) 장애를 받아들임 그리고 새로운 삶의 의미추구, 총 3개의 범주로 구분되었다. QIMS 분석으로 도출해낸 결과를 바탕으로 장애인의 레질리언스 실천을 돕기 위한 사회복지실천 및 정책방안을 모색하였다.

Hierarchically porous carbon foam composites with highly dispersed Fe2O3 nanoparticles confined in the foam pores, facilely fabricated by hydrolysis-driven emulsion polymerization strategy. The as-generated acidic conditions of Fe3+ hydrolysis could catalyze the polymerization of phenolic resin, and the carbon-based composite materials containing iron oxides were obtained in situ. The structural characterization results show that HCF@Fe2O3 NPs-2 electrode has the largest specific surface area (549 m2/ g) and pore volume (0.46 cm3/ g). Electrochemical results indicates that typical HCF@Fe2O3 NPs-2 electrode displays good capacitive properties. including high specific capacitance (225 F/g at 0.2 A/g current density). Excellent magnification performance (capacity retention rate 80% as current density increases from 0.2 to 10 A/g). At the same time, HCF@SnO2 NPs was successfully synthesized by replacing hydrolyzed tin tetrachloride with ferric chloride. This study provides a new idea for the preparation of metal oxide–carbon matrix composites, and also highlights the potential of such carbon foams in application of energy storage.

A simple and one-pot synthetic procedure using two different sources has been demonstrated to prepare heteroatoms doped reduced graphene oxide such as nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO) and sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (S-RGO). The N-RGO has been hydrothermally synthesized using urea as nitrogen precursor, wherein the S-RGO has been synthesized using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as sulfur precursor. The successful N-doping, S-doping and other physicochemical properties of N-RGO and S-RGO have been confirmed with different spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that doping into the graphene structure exhibits a high conductivity and a better transfer of charge. Moreover, heteroatoms doped graphene (N-RGO and S-RGO) and graphene-related materials (RGO) have been applied for the individual detection of uric acid (UA). Interestingly, the N-RGO exhibited a lower limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 2.7 10– 5 M for UA (10–1000 μM) compared with undoped RGO and S-RGO. Furthermore, the simultaneous detection of UA in the presence of Xanthine (XA) has been demonstrated a wide linear range of detection for UA: 10–1000 μM, with unchanged concentration of XA to be 200 μM, and exhibited a low limit of detection of 8.7 10− 5 M ( S∕N = 3) for UA. This modified sensor based on N-RGO has revealed a high selectivity and reproducibility thanks to its large surface area, high catalytic properties, and chemical structure. Indeed, the practical applicability of the proposed sensor has been evaluated in milk samples even in the presence of high concentrations of UA with satisfactory results.

This study aimed to a sign device using quantum dot film. We synthesized quantum dots with an absolute quantum yield of more than 95% using the solution process method, coated the quantum dot film by mixing it with acrylate resin, made a sign device, and studied the improvement of visibility, and obtained the following conclusions. Quantum dots with absolute quantum yield of 97.63% at 535 nm and 97.85% at 615 nm were synthesized by doping InP with GaP and stacking ZnSe and ZnS composite shells. The synthesized quantum dots were mixed with acrylate syrup at a weight ratio of 10% to coat a film with a luminance uniformity of more than 95%, and the quantum dot film was attached to a luminous display with an insulation capacity of 500 V, an insulation resistance of 99.9 GΩ, and a luminance of 688.5 ㏅/㎠ at white region and 122.3 ㏅/㎠ at red region.

Highly safe lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are required for large-scale applications such as electrical vehicles and energy storage systems. A highly stable cathode is essential for the development of safe LIBs. LiFePO4 is one of the most stable cathodes because of its stable structure and strong bonding between P and O. However, it has a lower energy density than lithium transition metal oxides. To investigate the high energy density of phosphate materials, vanadium phosphates were investigated. Vanadium enables multiple redox reactions as well as high redox potentials. LiVPO4O has two redox reactions (V5+/V4+/V3+) but low electrochemical activity. In this study, LiVPO4O is doped with fluorine to improve its electrochemical activity and increase its operational redox potential. With increasing fluorine content in LiVPO4O1-xFx, the local vanadium structure changed as the vanadium oxidation state changed. In addition, the operating potential increased with increasing fluorine content. Thus, it was confirmed that fluorine doping leads to a strong inductive effect and high operating voltage, which helps improve the energy density of the cathode materials.

본 연구는 영 케어러의 가족돌봄 경험을 보다 새롭고 깊이 있게 탐색 하기 위한 목적으로 질적 해석적 메타통합 방법(QIMS, Qualitative Interpretive Meta Synthesis)을 적용하였다. QIMS는 최근 사회과학분야에 서 새롭게 소개된 질적 연구방법으로, 개별 질적연구의 저자와 참가자들 이 설명하는 무결성과 본질을 유지하면서 질적 연구결과를 통합, 종합, 해석하기 위한 체계적인 접근방식이다. QIMS의 시너지적 이해경로를 통 해 도출된 풍성한 결과는 질적 연구가 갖는 한계를 극복할 수 있다. 2022년 10월부터 2023년 6월까지 국내에서 발표된 7편의 질적 논문을 최종분석에 포함하였고, 총 52명의 영 케어러가 진술한 내용을 시너지적 이해로 분석하였다. 자료범위 축소와 주제 추출 및 통합의 반복과정을 통해 새롭고 의미 있게 생성된 중요주제는 (1) 가족돌봄 상황 전개, (2) 돌봄 노동, 고단한 삶과의 직면, (3) 세상 속 돌봄 상황 가운데 나의 대 응노력과 변화들, (4) 새롭게 발견한 돌봄의 의미, 그리고 성장 총 4개의 범주로 구분하였다. QIMS 분석방법으로 도출해낸 결과를 바탕으로 영 케어러에 대한 실천 및 정책방안을 모색하였다.

An optical fluorescence quenching sensor based on functionally modified iron-doped carbon nanoparticles was designed for the selective and sensitive Cr(VI) ion detection. Multifunctional iron-doped carbon nanoparticles were enclosed in the scaffolds of a promising stable nanocarrier system called hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG), which has been fluorescently modified with 1-pyrene butyric acid using the Steglich esterification procedure. The therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities were boosted when these nanoparticles were enclosed in the fluorescently modified dendritic structure, HPG. Iron-doped carbon nanoparticles coupled with fluorescently modified hyperbranched polyglycerol can be used as a sensor for metal ions and can then be used to successfully remove them from a sample. Moreover, the synthesised nanoparticles demonstrated promising antimicrobial efficacy against bacteria and fungi. These results are also discussed in detail.

As a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), cobalt sulfide ( CoS2) has attracted extensive attention due to its high theoretical capacity, easy preparation, and superior electrochemical activity. However, its intrinsic low conductivity and large volume expansion result in poor cycling ability. Herein, nitrogen-doped carbon-coated CoS2 nanoparticles (N–C@ CoS2) were prepared by a C3N4 soft-template-assisted method. Carbon coating improves the conductivity and prevents the aggregation of CoS2 nanoparticles. In addition, the C3N4 template provides a porous graphene-like structure as a conductive framework, affording a fast and constant transport path for electrons and void space for buffering the volume change of CoS2 nanoparticles. Benefitting from the superiorities, the Na-storage properties of the N–C@CoS2 electrode are remarkably boosted. The advanced anode delivers a long-term capacity of 376.27 mAh g− 1 at 0.1 A g− 1 after 500 cycles. This method can also apply to preparing other metal sulfide materials for SIBs and provides the relevant experimental basis for the further development of energy storage materials.

Flexible supercapacitors (FS) are ideal as power backups for upcoming stretchable electronics due to their high power density and good mechanical compliance. However, lacking technology for FS mass manufacturing is still a significant obstacle. The present study describes a novel method for preparing FS based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using the N+ plasma technique, in which N+ reduces graphene oxide on the surface of a cotton/polyester substrate. The effect of aloe vera (AV) as a natural reducing & capping agent and carbon nanotubes (CNT) as nanoconductors on the electrochemical performance of the electrodes is studied. FESEM and XPS were employed to investigate the electrodes' structural and chemical composition of electrodes. The galvanostatic charge–discharge curves of electrodes revealed the enhancement of the electrochemical activity of the as-prepared electrode upon additions of AV and CNT. The areal capacitance of the RGO, RGO/AV, and RGO/ AV/CNT supercapacitors at 5 mV/s was 511, 1244.5, and 1879 mF/cm2, respectively. The RGO electrode showed capacitive retention of 80.9% after 2000 cycles enhanced to 89.7% and 92% for RGO/AV and RGO/AV/CNT electrodes, respectively. The equivalent series resistance of the RGO electrode was 126.28 Ω, decreased to 56.62 and 40.06 Ω for RGO/AV and RGO/ AV/CNT electrodes, respectively.

In this study, we synthesized pH-controlled resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) gels through the polymerization of two starting materials: resorcinol and formaldehyde. The prepared RF gels were dried using an acetone substitution method, and they were subsequently carbonized under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain carbon xerogels (CX_Y) prepared at different pH (Y). The carbon xerogels were utilized as active materials for coin-type organic supercapacitor electrodes to investigate the influence of pH on the electrochemical properties of the carbon xerogels. The carbon xerogels prepared at lower pH (CX_9.5 and CX_10) exhibited sufficient particle growth, with a three-dimensional network of particles during the RF gel formation, resulting in the development of abundant mesopores. Conversely, the carbon xerogels prepared at higher pH (CX_11 and CX_12) retained densely packed structures of small particles, leading to pore collapse and low specific surface areas. Consequently, CX_9.5 and CX_10 showed high specific surface areas, and provided ample adsorption sites for the formation of electric double layers with electrolyte ions. Moreover, the three-dimensional particle network in CX_9.5 and CX_10 significantly enhanced electrical conductivity. The presence of well-developed mesopores in these materials further facilitated the effective transport of electrolyte ions, contributing to their superior performance as organic supercapacitor electrodes. This study confirmed that pH-controlled carbon xerogels are one of the promising active materials for organic supercapacitor electrodes. Furthermore, we concluded that pH during RF gel formation is a crucial factor determining the electrode performance of the carbon xerogels, highlighting the need for precise pH control to obtain high-performance carbon xerogel electrodes.

Transition metal chalcogenides are promising cathode materials for next-generation battery systems, particularly sodium-ion batteries. Ni3Co6S8-pitch-derived carbon composite microspheres with a yolk-shell structure (Ni3Co6S8@C-YS) were synthesized through a three-step process: spray pyrolysis, pitch coating, and post-heat treatment process. Ni3Co6S8@C-YS exhibited an impressive reversible capacity of 525.2 mA h g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1 over 50 cycles when employed as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries. However, Ni3Co6S8 yolk shell nanopowder (Ni3Co6S8-YS) without pitch-derived carbon demonstrated a continuous decrease in capacity during charging and discharging. The superior sodium-ion storage properties of Ni3Co6S8@C-YS were attributed to the pitchderived carbon, which effectively adjusted the size and distribution of nanocrystals. The carbon-coated yolk-shell microspheres proposed here hold potential for various metal chalcogenide compounds and can be applied to various fields, including the energy storage field.

A solution combustion process for the synthesis of hollandite (BaAl2Ti6O16) powders is described. SYNROC (synthetic rock) consists of four main titanate phases: perovskite, zirconolite, hollandite and rutile. Hollandite is one of the crystalline host matrices used for the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes because it immobilizes Sr and Lns elements by forming solid solutions. The solution combustion synthesis, which is a self-sustaining oxi-reduction reaction between a nitrate and organic fuel, generates an exothermic reaction and that heat converts the precursors into their corresponding oxide products in air. The process has high energy efficiency, fast heating rates, short reaction times, and high compositional homogeneity. To confirm the combustion synthesis reaction, FT-IR analysis was conducted using glycine with a carboxyl group and an amine as fuel to observe its bonding with metal element in the nitrate. TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction analysis, SEM and EDS were performed to confirm the formed phases and morphology. Powders with an uncontrolled shape were obtained through a general oxide-route process, confirming hollandite powders with micro-sized soft agglomerates consisting of nano-sized primary particles can be prepared using these methods.