PURPOSES : This study estimates the effects of traffic safety policies (e.g., the Minsik Act) on the seriousness of traffic accidents in children protection zones. METHODS : A difference-in-differences framework in which the change in the gap of seriousness of traffic accidents occurring in children protection zones and those occurring outside the zone before and after the implementation of the Minsik Act was applied. Furthermore, a placebo test, in which the samples are restricted to a specific period, is irrelevant to the time of students going to school. RESULTS : On average, when the factors causing traffic accidents are not controlled, the degree of damage in traffic accidents in children protection zones appears to be more serious The introduction of the Minsik Act has been shown to reduce the damage from traffic accidents in children protection zones. In particular, illegal U-turns and signal violations increased the severity of traffic accidents in children protection zones, and trucks caused the greatest damage. CONCLUSIONS : The traffic safety policy for children protection zones (Minsik Act) is effective in improving traffic safety by simply “strengthening legal regulations.” This strengthens the importance of traffic safety education to prevent drivers from engaging in driving behaviors such as illegal U-turns and traffic signal violations. It is necessary to ensure the traffic safety of children by establishing a truck operation policy that bypasses children protection zones.

본 연구는 서식 환경에 따라 구분된 3화기 미국흰불나방(Hyphantria cunea Drury)을 숙주로 하는 기생파리의 종과 기생률의 차이를 확인했다. 조사 기간은 2023년 10월 24일부터 29일까지로, 방제를 실시한 서천군 국립생태 원과 방제를 실시하지 않은 군산시 근린공원에서 숙주인 미국흰불나방의 유충을 채집하였다. 유충은 기주식물 인 수국을 급여하여 실내 개별 사육하였다. 각 조사지에서 미국흰불나방의 기주식물은 국립생태원에서 8종, 근린공원에서 6종이 확인되었다. 총 숙주 380마리 중 기생파리는 106개체로 총 27.9%의 기생률을 보였고(유충 92개체, 미동정 알 14개체), 기생률은 근린공원이(39.6%) 국립생태원(12.5%)보다 더 높았다. 성충의 우화율은 63.0%로, 동정 결과 4속 92개체가 나타났다. 전체 종과 가장 많은 개체가 확인된 Exorista japonica (Townsend, 1909)의 조사지에 따른 유충 생존율과 성충 우화율은 모두 근린공원이 더 높은 것으로 확인 되었다. 조사결과 E. japonica가 미국흰불나방의 생물적 방제제로 유효할 것이라 판단되며, 근린공원에서의 더 높은 기생파리 유충 생존율과 성충 우화율을 통해 인간에 의한 교란이 적은 환경에서 기생파리를 이용한 미국흰불나방 방제가 더 효과적일 것이라고 고려된다. 또한 숙주의 생존율과 기생파리의 우화율을 비교한 결과 해충 방제가 이뤄지지 않는 환경에서 천적 개체군이 유지될 가능성이 더 높다고 사료 된다.

The towing distance, which is speed over the ground, and the water flow quantity, which is speed through the water, were used when estimating the amount of Metapenaeus joyneri resources that rose to the surface at night using the swept area method in order to compare and analyze the difference. It was conducted using a shrimp dredge, trial fishing gear for catching Metapenaeus joyneri. Catch during the entire survey period was 188.9 kg. Monthly catch ranged from 3.1 to 109.2 kg, highest in June and lowest in September. The swept volume calculated using the speed over the ground was about 13% higher than using the speed through the water. Metapenaeus joyneri resources estimated using the towing distance ranged from 320.1 to 14,649.8 kg. Resources estimated using the water flow quantity ranged from 278.5 to 12,886.3 kg. Therefore, the amount of Metapenaeus joyneri resources estimated using the speed over the ground was about 14% higher than the method using the speed through the water, indicating that the amount of resources was overestimated.

본 연구는 만성질환으로 외래서비스를 이용하는 환자를 대상으로 의 료기관 유형별 의료서비스 이용 경험을 조사하고, 만성질환자의 건강 결과를 실증적으로 비교 분석하여, 만성질환 관리의 효과적인 중재방안 마련에 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구의 자료수집은 2023년 7월 1일부터 7월 31일까지 고혈압과 당뇨병 진단으로 보건소 와 의원, 종합병원의 외래서비스를 이용하고 있는 대상자 167명에게 면담을 통한 구조화된 설문지를 작성하여 자료를 수집하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 고령의 취약계층은 의료기관 중 의원을 가장 많이 이용하고 있었고, 의료기관 유형별 이용경험의 결과는 의원이 가장 부정적이었다. 그러나 만성질환 관련 건강 결과는 의료기관 유형별로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러므로 보건소는 특히 취약계층 환자들의 보건의료 요구를 중시하고 공공보건 서비스를 효율적으로 제공해야 하며, 의원의 만성질환 관리 역량의 강 화를 위한 다양한 중재 방안 마련과 함께 국가 시범사업의 적극적 참 여를 유도할 수 있는 정책이 수립되어야 할 것이다.

본 연구에서는 기술경영전문대학원 교과과정 구성에 대한 교원과 산업체의 인식차이에 대해서 조사하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 IS2020 가이드라인과 기술경영전문 대학원 학위과정을 운영하는 대학들의 커리큘럼 현황을 바탕으로 ‘기술경영학 핵심영역’ 및 ‘기술경영학 교과목’의 중요요인들을 도출하고, 설문을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, ‘기술경영학 핵심영역’의 ‘학문적 중요도’, ‘실무적 중요도’의 경우 각각 교원은 ‘기초’, ‘프로젝트’ 영역을, 산업체는 ‘방법론’, ‘기술’ 영역을 가장 중요하게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 ‘기술경영학 교과목’의 ‘학문적 중요도’, ‘실무적 중요도’의 경우 교원은 ‘기술경영개론’, ‘기술경영프로젝트’ 과목을, 산업체는 ‘기술경영 연구방법론’, ‘기술경영 프로젝트’ 과목을 가장 중요하게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과물은 향후 IS2020과 같이 기술경영학 교과과정에 대한 Frame work를 구성하는데 참고할 수 있는 학술적 의의가 있다. 나아가 향후 기술경영 전문대학원 등 직장인 재교육 학위과정을 운영하는 대학에서 학계와 산업계의 시각을 반영하여, 보다 효과적인 교육과정을 구성하는데 실무적으로 활용할 수 있는 함의를 갖고 있다.

The need for lightweight yet strong materials is being demanded in all industries. Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic is a material with increased strength by attaching carbon fiber to plastic, and is widely used in the aerospace industry, ships, automobiles, and civil engineering based on its low density. Carbon-reinforced fiber plastic is a material widely used in parts and manufactured products, and structural analysis simulation is required during design, and application of actual material properties is necessary for accurate structural analysis simulation. In the case of carbon-reinforced fiber plastics, it is reported that there is a porosity of around 0.5% to 6%, and it is necessary to check the change in material properties according to the porosity and pore shape. It was confirmed by applying the method. It was confirmed that the change in elastic modulus according to the porosity was 10.7% different from the base material when the porosity was 6.0%, and the Poisson's ratio was confirmed to be less than 3.0%. It was confirmed that the elliptical spherical pore derived different material properties from the spherical pore depending on the pore shape, and it was confirmed that the shape of the pore had to be confirmed to derive equivalent material properties.

이 논문의 목적은 축사시설현대화 사업에 참여한 농가들이 사업 참여에 따라 생산성에 얼마나 향상을 가져왔는지를 계측하는 것이다. 분석 방법으로는 이중차분법을 사용하였다. 실험군 농가에 해당하는 사업참여농가들은 농협경제지주에서 보유한 사업참여농가들의 자료를 사용하였다. 대조군 농가에 해당하는 자료들은 통계청의 축산물생산비통계 조사를 위해 선정된 표본 농가들의 자료를 사용하였다. 이중차분법을 이용한 사업참여 의 순효과를 계측한 결과, 한우는 1등급 이상 출현율이 10.7%p 만큼 상승하였다. 젖소 농가들의 두당 착유량은 2.8% 증가하였다. 돼지 농가들의 PSY는 5.8% 증가하였다. 육계 농가들의 일당증체량은 4.5% 증가하였다. 산란계 농가들의 산란율은 5.2%p 상승한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 선행연구들과 비교할 때 정도의 차이는 있지만 축사시설현대화 사업이 생산성에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 점에서 동일하다.

혁신조달 제도는 전략적 공공조달 정책의 일환으로 혁신제품 지정 및 우선구매 제도를 활용해 기업의 혁신역량 향상과 공공부문의 사회문제 해결능력 향상을 동시에 추구하는 정책으로 도입됐다. 혁신제품에 대한 시범구매 사업은 2019년에 처음 도입됐으며 2020년부터 정부 부처의 혁신제품 지정·발굴 체계가 확립된 후 혁신제품 우선구매제도가 본격적으로 실시됐다. 이에 본 연구는 혁신조달 제도가 본격적으로 시행된 이후 해당 제도의 기업지원 효과에 초점을 맞춰 정량적 분석을 진행했다. 이를 위해 2017년에서 2021년까지의 기업 재무제표 및 고용 자료를 이용했으며, 분석방법으로 성향점수매칭(PSM) 및 이중차분(DID) 방법을 활용했다. 본 연구를 통해 혁신조달 제도가 기업성장과 고용증대에 기여했으며 추가적인 공공 및 민간판로 개척 효과를 창출했음을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 혁신조달 참여기업이 제품지정 종료 이후에도 자생성을 갖추기 위해서는 혁신제품 지정기업과 기존의 중소기업 지원정책을 적극 매칭하는 등 혁신조달 제도를 고도화할 필요가 있다.

With the dramatic advance in artificial intelligence, the use of an AI anchor in the news industry is a subject of great interest. An AI anchor is a computer-generated news anchor that mimics the human voice, appearance, and facial expressions to present the news. As the focus of this study is to investigate how the news media utilize an AI anchor in the news program, the research questions are as follows: (1) What are the differences in news topics between AI and human anchors? (2) How does the viewership differ based on these topic choices, with a focus on the emotional impact?

Technology innovation companies are focusing on contributing to business performance by R&D project as a strategic tool. Successful R&D leads to corporate competitiveness enhancement, national industrial development, but there are high uncertainty and risks in R&D. Public and private R&D projects are carried out to achieve various purposes. It was verified how the risk management and benefit management of the R&D project affect the detailed R&D project performance between the Public and private domain. The impact of Project Leadership on R&D performance was also analyzed. Those who have participated in the Public and Private R&D projects at companies or research institutes were surveyed. First, it was found that project risk and benefit management have partially an effect on R&D project performance. Second, Public and private R&D Project Leadership showed partially a interaction effect between project management and project performance.

이 논문은 이슬람교, 힌두교, 불교의 종주국이 자리잡고, 국교 이외의 종교가 행하는 선교활동과 개종이 국법으로 금해져 있는 상황에 서 로마가톨릭교회의 아시아주교회의연합회(FABC)가 표명하는 대화 를 통한 선교를 신학적, 역사적 배경을 중심으로 정리하였다. 이들이 제시하는 종교·문화·가난한 이들과의 삼중 대화는 이들 안에 활동하 시는 성령의 활동을 전제한다. 여기서 대화는 선교의 수단이 아니라 교회 자신도 대화를 통해 성장하는 계기로 제시된다. 그 바탕에는 인간의 지성으로 모두 파악할 수 없는 하느님의 신비를 상정하는 자세가 놓여있다. 이러한 대화적 선교는 타종교와 문화가 그리스도교를 예비하 는 단계이며 구원은 교회를 통해서 이루어진다는 입장을 포기하지 않는다. 다만 하느님 나라를 살아가는 삶을 구원 메시지 선포의 중심점 에 정위시키고 있을 뿐이다. 이처럼 FABC는 삶의 현장에서 대화로 시작되고 실천에서 깊게 어우러진 만남에서 이교인들이 그리스도를 만나고 그 가르침에 담긴 구원을 체험하도록 초대한다. 그 초대에서 아시아인들이 영적으로, 윤리적이며 지성적으로, 그리고 사회정치적 으로 구원을 경험할 때 교회를 통해 활동하시는 성령을 받아들이고 교회로 들어온다고 전망하기 때문이다.

Background: For the rehabilitation of stroke patients, it is necessary to confirm the differences in the mechanical properties of the paretic- and non-pareticside masseter muscles. Objectives: To investigate the muscle tone and stiffness of masseter muscles in patients with chronic stroke. Design: A case study. Methods: This study included 20 stroke patients. Muscle tone and stiffness of the paretic and non-paretic masseter muscles in stroke patients were measured using MyotonPRO. Measurements were performed under relaxation and masseter muscle contraction conditions. Results: There was no significant difference in the muscle tone and stiffness of the paretic and non-paretic side masseter muscles in the relaxation conditions (P>.05). In male, left hemiplegia, right hemiplegia and infatction, the nonparetic side masseter muscles showed significantly increased than musle tone and stiffness of the paretic side masseter muscles in the contraction (P<.05). In female and hemorrhage, the non-paretic side masseter muscles showed significantly increased than musle tone the paretic side masseter muscles in the contraction (P<.05). Conclusion: The muscle tone and stiffness were lower on the paretic side than on the non-paretic side during masseter muscle contraction in stroke patients; thus, muscle strengthening training was required.

Recently 3d printer industry has two demands. first is color 3d printing. second is mass production using 3d printer that has large bed. According to previous studies, 3D printed objects have different weights depending on filament colors. 3D printed tensile specimens with filaments of various colors were checked to see they had the same weight. If so, we wanted to see it was statistically significant. As a result, we found that the weight of 3D printed objects was statistically significantly different depending on the filament color. The average weight of 3d printed objects is: Black(8.63g), Blue(8.58g), Yellow(8.53g), White(8.48g), Natural(8.46g), Green (8.45g), Red(8.42g).

본 연구에서는 한중 FTA로 인하여 우리나라 대중 농산물 수입액이 어떠한 영향을 받았는 지를 품목별 미시자료와 다기간 이중차분모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 2010년부터 2019년까지 FAO (Food & Agriculture Organization)의 품목별 대중 농산물 수입액과 연도별 양허 자료를 이용하여 2015년 이후 한중 FTA로 인한 품목별 양허가 우리나라 대중 농산물 수입액에 미친 영향을 분석하였다. 연도별 양허효과가 동일하다고 가정하면 양허로 인하여 양허대상 품목이 약 680~693만 불의 수입 증가 효과가 존재하고 있었다. 그리고 연도별 양허효과가 상이하다고 가정하면 2016년, 2017년 및 2019년은 양허대상 품목의 수입증가 효과가 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났지만 2018년은 통계적 유의성이 낮았다.

This study analyzed the performance of the national fishing port development project, which lacked ex-post impact evaluation despite a lot of investment in terms of fishery income opportunities. Using micro data from the Census of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, the sales amount of fishery products and the proportion of fishery-related businesses were used as performance indicators. The fishery households in the fishing port area (treatment group) and those not in the area (control group) were classified through data pre-processing, and factors unrelated to the fishing ports were controlled using the propensity score matching difference-in-difference method. The analysis target is six fishing ports with large investment in from 2010 to 2014. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the sales of fishery products increased significantly in four of the six fishing ports, and the proportion of fishery-related businesses increased in two fishing ports. The analysis method of this study can be fully utilized in the evaluation of the Fishing Community New Deal 300 Project, which is in need of performance analysis.

Markov envelope as a theoretical solution of the parabolic wave equation with Markov approximation for the von Kármán type random medium is studied and approximated with the convolution of two probability density functions (pdf) of normal and gamma distributions considering the previous studies on the applications of Radiative Transfer Theory (RTT) and the analysis results of earthquake records. Through the approximation with gamma pdf, the constant shape parameter of 2 was determined regardless of the source distance ro. This finding means that the scattering process has the property of an inhomogeneous single-scattering Poisson process, unlike the previous studies, which resulted in a homogeneous multiple-scattering Poisson process. Approximated Markov envelope can be treated as the normalized mean square (MS) envelope for ground acceleration because of the flat source Fourier spectrum. Based on such characteristics, the path duration is estimated from the approximated MS envelope and compared to the empirical formula derived by Boore and Thompson. The results clearly show that the path duration increases proportionately to ro 1/2-ro 2, and the peak value of the RMS envelope is attenuated by exp (-0.0033ro), excluding the geometrical attenuation. The attenuation slope for ro≤100 km is quite similar to that of effective attenuation for shallow crustal earthquakes, and it may be difficult to distinguish the contribution of intrinsic attenuation from effective attenuation. Slowly varying dispersive delay, also called the medium effect, represented by regular pdf, governs the path duration for the source distance shorter than 100 km. Moreover, the diffraction term, also called the distance effect because of scattering, fully controls the path duration beyond the source distance of 300 km and has a steep gradient compared to the medium effect. Source distance 100-300 km is a transition range of the path duration governing effect from random medium to distance. This means that the scattering may not be the prime cause of peak attenuation and envelope broadening for the source distance of less than 200 km. Furthermore, it is also shown that normal distribution is appropriate for the probability distribution of phase difference, as asserted in the previous studies.

Molten salt reactor (MSR) has a unique characteristic using liquid fuel and/or coolant salt among six type of GEN IV reactors. Liquid fuels and on-site processing are fundamentally different from a solid fuel reactor where separate facilities produce the fresh solid fuel and process the Spent Nuclear Fuel. Because the choice of fuel cycle affects the safeguards and non-proliferation characteristics of the reactor system, different MSR concepts may have different proliferation resistance and physical protection characteristics. For example, MSR design variants that use solid fuel but are cooled with liquid salts such as FHR are very close to the Very High Temperature Reactor design concept. The composition of various fuel salts is a representative factor that makes it difficult to generalize the PRPP evaluation principle of MSR. In addition, the flow of molten salts containing fissile materials is also complex depending on the design of the reactor. The path through which radioactive materials travel not only inside the reactor but also to nuclear fuel cycle facilities can act as a difficult factor in measuring nuclear materials. As a further complication, some of the plants include fuel salt drain tanks intended to provide decay heat removal while others are designed to provide decay heat removal while the salt is maintained within the reactor vessel. Some lessons learned from the prior molten salt breeder reactor program are reflected in all of the new designs. Interior reflectors/shielding are frequently employed to reduce the radiation damage to the reactor vessel, and fuel salt chemistry control is employed to substantially limit oxidizing the container alloy constituents. However, even with the vessel interior shielding, the containment environment around both solid and liquid fueled MSRs during operation is likely to have substantially higher dose rates than at LWRs due to the fission process and fission products in the case of circulating liquid fueled reactors, and the shortlived activation products of fluorine (16N, 20F, and 19O) in the case of FHRs. Consequentially due to insufficient shielding from the coolant and the vessel wall, MSR containments will be remote access only for liquid fueled systems and remote access only during operation for FHRs.