금(金, 1115~1234)이 적극적으로 시행했던 관영수공업 체제와 정책에 주목해 금대 동 경(銅鏡)의 새로운 경향과 특징을 고찰하였다. 금에서는 요, 송계로 구분할 수 있는 전통적 인 양식뿐 아니라 이를 바탕으로 폭포, 나무, 암석, 누각 등을 이용해 회화적인 화면구도로 재구성한 금계 동경들이 제작되었다. 원근법과 상하 구도를 적용한 화면 구성이 거울의 한정 된 공간 속에 적용되었고, 마치 한 폭의 그림처럼 선경의 세계를 표현하거나 관폭도와 같이 떨어지는 폭포를 바라보는 장면들이 동경에 표현되었다. 이러한 특징은 12세기 초부터 금의 수도가 세워졌던 상경성 내지(지금의 黑龍江省 阿城 부근)의 관영 공방을 중심으로 제작되 었다. 금 초기부터 관영수공업 체제에서 동경의 주원료인 구리의 원활한 수급을 위해 동경을 제작하였고 동원(銅院), 경자국(鏡子局), 주경소(鑄鏡所)와 같은 관서를 별도로 조직해 체 계적으로 동경을 제작 및 관리하는 정책을 시행하였다. 한편 중앙관청 중에도 공예품의 제작 과 장인의 운영을 담당했던 소부감과 관련이 있고, 그중에서도 금속공예품의 도안을 담당했 던 도화서 소속의 장인과도 관련이 있을 것으로 파악되었다. 금 정부는 실력 있는 외부 장인 들을 정책적으로 상경성에 집중시켰다. 여진의 토착문화와 기타 여러 민족의 외래문화가 상 경성 내지를 중심으로 흡수 및 통합되면서 금만의 새로운 동경들이 제작될 수 있었다.

Korea's facility horticultural heating costs account for a high proportion. Therefore, it is the most important factor to consider in greenhouse construction. It is important to assess the heating load of greenhouses. But there is not much data from the weather station. This study determined the heating load for each segmented area using the spatial correction method. The heating degeneration calculated from standard weather data (AHDH and BHDH) and total weather data (CHDH and DHDH) is consistent. However, there was a big difference between AHDH and DHDH. Therefore, the updated heating load data for each region is needed. Each of the four types of set temperatures (8℃, 12℃, 16℃, 20℃) was provided, and the heating temperature setpoint (℃) for each region of 168 cities and counties was presented. As a result of the analysis, the reliability of about 99% was confirmed in most of the regions suggested in this study. By using the calculated heating load for each region, it is possible to predict and utilize energy consumption and management costs.

황해는 지정학적으로 한국, 중국, 북한 사이 해역에 위치하고 있으며, 최근 해양공간 이용이 확대되어 사회적·경제적 가치가 증가하고 있다. 또한 기후변화로 인한 해양환경 변화, 대기오염물질 이동 등 한·중 공동 대응 및 협력의 필요성이 증가되고 있다. 본 연구 에서는 황해(Yellow Sea) 키워드의 연구논문을 대상으로 핵심주제(Topic)을 도출하고, 저자 네트워크 분석을 수행하여 연구동향을 탐색하 였다. 연구대상으로 1984년부터 2021년 사이에 게재된 Web of Science DataBase의 황해 관련 연구논문을 추출하고, 한중 어업협정, 해양환 경공동조사 등 한국과 중국의 주요 이벤트를 중심으로 4개의 시기로 구분하였다. 연구방법으로 텍스트 마이닝(Text Mining)의 일종인 토픽 모델링(Topic Modeling)을 활용하여 Topic을 도출하였다. 또한 저자 네트워크를 분석하여 해당 분야의 주요 연구 그룹(Community)과 연구자 및 연구기관의 영향력을 파악하고 시사점을 제시하였다. 분석결과 황해 연구논문의 핵심주제는 1기 퇴적물, 해양생물, 2기 산성화, 미세먼 지, 3기 수산양식, 지진, 4기 탄소요인, 해양생태계 등으로 변화하였고, 시기별로 핵심 연구자를 중심의 연구자 그룹이 증가하였다. 연구결 과를 토대로 황해 관련 연구 동향과 주요 연구자 및 연구기관을 파악함으로써 향후 한국과 중국 간의 황해 연구협력에 기여하고자 한다.

목적: 본 연구는 농업에 종사하는 노인 여성을 대상으로 신체적 여가활동 참여가 신체적 기능 향상과 삶의 질 변화에 미치는 효과에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 농촌 지역에 거주하는 113명의 노인 여성을 대상으로 단일집단 사전-사후 검사 설계를 사용하여 연구를 진행하였다. 스트레칭, 근력 강화 및 마사지 등으로 구성된 신체적 여가활동 프로그램은 8주간 총 16회, 그룹활동으로 진행되었다. 참여 후의 노인의 신체 기능의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 근력, 유연성, 균형능력을 측정하였고, Short Form 8-Item (SF-8)을 사용하여 삶의 질의 변화를 살펴보았다. 결과: 프로그램 참여자들의 신체 기능은 상지 근력(악력), 하지 근력(30초간 앉았다 일어서기), 정적 균형(눈 뜨고 한발 서기), 동적 균형(기능적 도달) 및 유연성(등 뒤로 양손 닿기, 앉아서 윗몸 앞으로 굽히기) 항목에서 모두 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 프로그램에 참여한 노인 여성의 건강관련 삶의 질(SF-8) 총점도 335.73 ± 52.93점에서 395.42 ± 28.79점으로 향상되었고, 모든 하위 항목에서 유의하게 변화하였다(p < 0.05). 결론: 여가활동 참여는 노인의 신체 건강뿐만 아니라 삶의 질 향상에도 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후에는 농촌 지역 특성에 맞는 다양한 참여형 활동 프로그램의 개발과 지원이 이루어지기를 기대해 본다.

본 연구는 소셜미디어 이미지를 이용하여 대구광역시 내 반려견 산책 선호장소와 특징을 분석하 였다. 2020년부터 2022년까지 약 2년간의 시간적 범위를 기반으로 ‘#반려견산책’ ‘#강아지산책’, ‘#개산책’ 세 가지의 인스타그램 해시태그를 활용해 분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 추출된 622 건의 위치 데이터를 바탕으로 대구광역시 내 반려견 인기 산책 장소는 총 13개인 것으로 나타났으 며, 상위 세 개 장소의 경우 국채보상공원, 두류공원, 수성못인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 반려견 동반 산책 선호장소의 공간적 특징 및 경향성 파악을 위한 719개의 사진분석결과 ‘수변산책로’, ‘거주지 주변’, ‘공원’, ‘도시/도시인프라’, ‘반려견운동장/카페’ 총 다섯 가지 분류체계 항목으로 조사되었 다. 사진들의 다양한 요소 및 특성(Attributes) 분석틀에 의한 유형분류 결과 반려견만을 집중하여 확대, 촬영한 사진들을 제외하고 ‘경관’, ‘자연요소’, ‘활동/레저’, ‘사람’, ‘도시/장소’의 다섯 유형 으로 분류되었다. 본 연구를 통해 반려견 산책 선호장소와 유형들을 파악하여 반려견 산책환경 개 선방안을 도출하였다.

The purpose of this study is to explore how adolescents' psychological characteristics affect their sense of life safety according to gender. To this end, a survey was conducted on male and female high school students in six schools in the C area, and a total of 1,048 data were used for analysis. Differences in major variables according to gender were verified, and the effect of psychological characteristics on living safety awareness was analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, depression, anxiety, type A characteristics, and the presence or absence of experience in accidents did not significantly affect life safety awareness in the male student group. On the other hand, in the female student group, anxiety and type A characteristics had a significant effect on life safety awareness. Anxiety negatively affects living safety awareness, and type A characteristics have been shown to have a positive effect on living safety awareness. The presence or absence of depression and accident experience did not significantly affect life safety awareness. The results of these studies suggest that gender differences should be considered in education to prevent life safety awareness and that education that reflects the psychological characteristics of adolescents is necessary.

Purpose: In this study, we developed an integrated simulation practicum and investigated the effectiveness of the practicum for senior nursing students. Methods: Sixty-seven senior nursing students from a university were enrolled in this study and assigned into two groups: experimental (n = 31) and control (n = 36). We developed and applied a 60-hour integrated simulation practicum that spans a 3-week period. The control group performed a traditional clinical practicum. The outcome measures were critical thinking disposition, clinical competence, and practicum satisfaction and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 software. Results: After the intervention, both experimental and control groups showed significant improvement in critical thinking disposition (p = .017) and clinical competence (p < .001) compared to those of the baseline. Regarding practicum satisfaction, the experimental group showed significantly higher satisfaction than the control group (p = .003). Conclusion: The integrated simulation practicum was an effective program that improved critical thinking, clinical competence, and practicum satisfaction in senior nursing students. To effectively improve critical thinking and acquire clinical competence, which are essential for prospective nurses, nursing students should be exposed more to simulation practicum that reflect environments similar to actual clinical settings for various patients with complex health problems.

This study was conducted to apply with an air duct for the cooling and a utilizing cultivating method that uses the fruiting node and the defoliation to the high-temperature vertical and hydroponic cultivation of the oriental melon. The lower fruiting node (LF) was to remove all third vines generated from 5 nodes of a secondary vine. The higher fruiting node (HF) was fruiting on the third vine generated from a first node of the third vine. The direction of the stem string; upward (UW), downward (DW). Four treatment conditions were applied with the LF-UW, LF-DW, HF-UW (control), and HF-DW. The leaf age of melon leaves was measured for photosynthesis at 3 days intervals, and the fruit characteristic was conducted on 79 fruits in each treatment. The photosynthesis rate steadily increased after leaf development, reaching 20.8 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 10 days, gradually increasing to 21.3 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 19 days, and reaching 23.4 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 32 days. After that, it lowered to 16.8 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 38 days and dropped significantly to 7.6 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 47 days. As a result of the fruit characteristics by fruiting nodes, the treatments of the fruit length was 12.6-13.4 cm, respectively, which was significant, and the fruit width was 7.9- 8.6 cm, respectively, was not significant. The soluble content ranged from 12.9 to 15.7°Brix, and the significance of all treatments, and higher than of LF-DW and HF-UW. The photosynthesis rate of melon leaves was good until 32 days after leaf development, but after that, the rate decreased. As for fruit quality, it was conformed that melons can be cultivated at the LF because the fruit enlargement and soluble content dose not decrease even when set at the LF. Results indicated that those can be used for LF and defoliation in the development of vertical and hydroponic cultivation method in high-temperature season.

Since delivery food has become a new dietary culture, this study examines consumer awareness through big data analysis. We present the direction of delivery food for healthy eating culture and identify the current state of consumer awareness. Resources for big data analysis were mainly articles written by consumers on various websites; the collection period was divided into before and after COVID-19. Results of the big data analysis revealed that before COVID-19, delivery food was recognized as a limited product as a meal concept, but after COVID-19, it was recognized as a new shopping list and a new product for home parties. This study concludes by suggesting a new direction for healthy eating culture.

In this study, scones were prepared using Cordyceps powder, described as ‘immortal life’. Cordyceps powder was prepared in 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% ratios, and salinity, color, texture, and antioxidant properties were analyzed. The salinity of Cordyceps scones did not show a difference according to the amount of Cordyceps powder added (p=0.364), and the a-, b-values increased significantly (p<0.001). In the case of texture, there was no significant difference in the amount of Cordyceps added. Flavonoids increased significantly as the amount of Cordyceps powder increased (p<0.001). ABTS-radical scavenging capacity increased significantly as the amount of Cordyceps powder increased (p<0.001). Through this study, the antioxidant properties of Cordyceps scones were confirmed.

생물환경조절학회지 31권 3호에 게재된 논문의 재료 및 방법의 양액 정보가 잘못 기재되어 있어 바로 잡습니다.

In order to develop greenhouse cooling and water saving technologies suitable for desert climate, the performance evaluation of the cooling packages and condensate water recovery from cooling fan coil unit. As a result of the application for tomato greenhouse in summer, the root zone temperature of root zone cooling+duct cooling case and root zone cooling case was 25℃ during the day and 20℃ at night, which was suitable for tomato growth. When the nutrient solution tank was cooled, the temperature of the nutrient solution was maintained at 20 degrees, but otherwise, the temperature exceeded 30℃, causing the root zone temperature to rise. Condensate water recovery per fan coil unit was 93L on average per day in August, and was proportional to relative humidity in greenhouse and temperature difference between dew point temperature and the surface temperature of heat exchanger. Tomato growth was found to be improved in the order of root zone cooling+duct cooling, root zone cooling, duct cooling and control. It was analyzed that the yield of root zone cooling+duct cooling, root zone cooling and duct cooling increased by 35%, 28% and 11%, respectively, compared to the control.

This study attempted to explore how the perception of the necessity of safety education for adolescents affects fire safety consciousness and whether personality factors control the relationship. To this end, a survey was conducted at a high school in region C, and data of 1,049 people who agreed to the survey and responded faithfully were used for analysis. Hayes’ macro was used to analyze the moderating effect, and as a result of the analysis, adolescents’ awareness of the need for safety education increased, and their relationship was significantly regulated by extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness among the five personality factors. A simple regression line analysis was conducted to find out the specific direction, and it was found that the higher the need for safety education in both the group with high extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness, the higher the awareness of safety education. These results suggest that changes in educational methods and contents are needed to raise awareness of the necessity of education in fire safety education and to improve educational motivation, and that it may be helpful to actively utilize students’ personality strengths in education.

An increasing trend embracing the 2030 generation mindset through the new word ‘newtro’, which means reinterpreting the past and selling it in the present, has been gaining traction. The 2030 generation who seek new experiences and desserts is growing. The unique dessert market is expected to continue to grow in the future. Thus, this study devised a pine needle madeleine. Madeleines were made by varying the proportions of pine needle powder added to 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%, and specific gravity, moisture, color, physical properties, and antioxidant properties were measured. The L-value decreased significantly (p<0.001) as the amount of pine needle powder added increased, and the a-value increased (p<0.001). The total polyphenol content, DPPH, and ABTS gradually increased significantly (p<0.001). Through this study, it was possible to confirm the quality and characteristics of madeleines using pine needle powder, which has excellent antioxidant properties, and it will become basic data for the development of various desserts using pine needle powder.

As cholesterol intake increases, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is also increasing. With increasing food selection considering health, consumption of functional foods that can help health is also expected to increase. Ginger is rich in minerals (such as potassium and magnesium) and antioxidants. Antioxidants have been shown to be effective in lowering blood cholesterol levels. Therefore, we would like to produce madeleines helpful for hypercholesterolemia by adding ginger syrup to madeleines recently consumed as desserts. In this study, the quality and characteristics were analyzed after making madeleine by adding ginger syrup at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Baking loss was significantly reduced as the addition amount increased (p<0.001). The pH value decreased as the addition amount increased except for the 5% added group (p<0.001). The b value of the chromaticity showed a significant increase from the 5% addition group (p<0.001). Regarding textures, hardness (p=0.006), gumminess (p=0.001), and chewiness (p=0.001) all decreased as the addition amount increased. Regarding antioxidant activity, polyphenol, DPPH, and ABTS values were significantly increased as addition amount increased (p<0.001). Consequently, Madeleine using ginger syrup rich in antioxidants is expected to help health.

우리나라는 2018년에「해양공간계획법」을 제정하여 해양공간을 통합적으로 관리하고자 하였다. 그러나 동법은 해양거버넌스 및 해양공간정보를 통합적으로 관리 할 시스템에 관하여 촘촘한 입법체계를 마련하고 있지 못하였다. 그 결과 동법이 해양이용 갈등을 실효적으로 해결할 수 있는지에 관한 의문이 제기되어 왔다. 이에 본 논문은「해양공간계획법」의 한계 도출과 개선방안을 제시할 목적 으로 국내「해양공간계획법」과 해외 해양공간계획(MSP) 법제를 비교법적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 MSP의 핵심은 방대한 해양공간정보를 표준화하여 의사 결정권자에게 최적의 해양공간 이용 시나리오를 과학적 자료로 제시하고, 이 자 료에 기반하여 해양이용·관리 수단을 통합적으로 연계하는 것임을 파악하였다. 그리고 이 핵심을 이행하기 위하여 다수의 국가가 구체적인 방식은 서로 다르 지만 해양공간정보를 통합적으로 관리할 시스템을 운영하고, MSP 이행을 점검 및 관리하기 위한 조직체계를 구축하였음을 발견하였다. 이 중 MSP의 핵심을 정부 차원에서 가장 체계적으로 뒷받침하고 있는 미 국, 영국, 중국의 법·제도를 분석한 결과 우리나라의 통합적 해양공간계획을 위해 전담기구의 설립 및 통합해양정보지원시스템 구축이 필요하다는 결론을 도출하였다.연구결과를 실현하기 위한 구체적 방법으로는 해양공간계획 전담 기구에게 해양 이용 및 관리에 관한 인·허가를 의제 할 것을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 해양공간계획을 실효적으로 집행하기 위한 법적 기반을 마련 하여 해양용도구역 지정 기준의 불확실성을 방지하고 국민의 수용성 제고에 기여할 수 있다. 또한 MSP에 기반한 통합적 해양공간 관리체계 구축을 통해 해양공간 이용상충 갈등을 해결하는 것에 공헌할 것이다.