KOREASCHOLAR

Biodiversity encompasses species diversity, which includes species richness and species evenness. High species diversity is known to contribute to community stability and the potential for maintaining healthy ecosystem functioning. However, the most commonly used species diversity indices have some limitations, as they require species-specific abundance data for each community. In contrast, phylogenetic diversity measures the evolutionary distances between species within a community, reflecting ecological and/or evolutionary divergences and niche differences, without requiring abundance data. This study assessed biodiversity by calculating phylogenetic diversity indices for freshwater fishes (19 species) and aquatic insects (49 species) at three sites within Seoraksan and Odaesan National Parks. The aquatic insects studied belong to the EPT group (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera), which are widely used as bioindicators of aquatic ecosystems. Two mitochondrial DNA genes were used as molecular markers: COI and cyt b for fish, and COI and 16S rRNA for the EPT - group. Overall, Odaesan National Park exhibited higher phylogenetic diversity in both fishes and aquatic insects compared to Seoraksan National Park, although this difference was not statistically significant. The highest phylogenetic and species diversity were observed for fish at the OD2 site (Woljeong District) and for the EPT group at the OD1 (Gyebangsan) and SA2 (Jangsudae) sites. Correlation analysis revealed that phylogenetic diversity indices were more positively associated with species richness than species diversity indices. This study serves as a pilot project for establishing standardized methods for assessing biodiversity in national park habitats using phylogenetic diversity. It also aims to inform various policies, such as the development of biodiversity assessment systems and the prioritization of protected areas within national parks.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
    2.1. 연구 대상 및 지역
    2.2. 시료 확보
    2.3. 유전자 추출 및 PCR 증폭 및 염기서열 정렬
    2.4. 계통학적 다양성 분석
    2.5. 군집 생물다양성 지수 분석
3. 결 과
    3.1. 군집구조
    3.2. 진화계통수
    3.3. 국립공원 및 세부지점별 계통학적 생물다양성
    3.4. 생물종다양성 지수를 이용한 생물다양성 평가
    3.5. 계통학적 다양성과 생물종다양성 (군집분석) 비교
4. 고 찰
    4.1. 계통학적 다양성 지수를 이용한 국립공원 어류,EPT-group 군집 생물다양성 평가
    4.2. 계통학적 다양성을 이용한 생물다양성 평가활용 방안
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
사 사
REFERENCES

• 황순영(상지대학교 생명과학과 분자생태및진화학실험실) | Soon Young Hwang (Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 강지현(고려대학교 곤충연구소) | Ji Hyoun Kang (Korean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea)
• 최희규(상지대학교 생명과학과 분자생태및진화학실험실) | Hee-kyu Choi (Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea)
• 장지은(국립공원공단 국립공원연구원) | Ji Eun Jang (National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author
• 이혁제(상지대학교 생명과학과 분자생태및진화학실험실) | Hyuk Je Lee (Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author