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Animal Biotechnology: Current and Future
Animal biotechnology is the use of science and engineering to modify living organisms. Examples of animal biotechnology include creating transgenic animals (animals with one or more genes introduced by human intervention), using gene knock out technology to make animals with a specific inactivated gene and producing nearly identical animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer (or cloning). Animal biotechnology in use today is based on the science of genetic engineering. Under the umbrella of genetic engineering exist other technologies, such as transgenics and cloning, that also are used in animal biotechnology. Th main purpose of production of transgenic animals are to produce pharmaceutical proteins for human use. Scientists use reproductive cloning techniques to produce multiple copies of mammals that are nearly identical copies of other animals, including transgenic animals, genetically superior animals and animals that produce high quantities of milk or have some other desirable trait. To date, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, horses, mules, cats, rats and mice have been cloned, beginning with the first cloned animal, a sheep named Dolly, in 1996. In addition to the use of transgenics and cloning, scientists can use gene knock out technology to inactivate, or “knock out,” a specific gene. It is this technology that creates a possible source of replacement organs called xenotransplantastion. In this talk I deal with current and future of animal biotechnolgy. In addition I would like to introduce Center for the Animal Bioreactors and Xenotranplantaion supported by Rural Development Administration, Korea.
