We prepared the polyclonal antibody anti-20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (anti-20α-HSD) against the recombinant full-length protein bovine 20α-HSD in Escherichia coli. The specificity of anti-20α-HSD was demonstrated using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with recombinant bovine 20α-HSD and bovine placental tissues. According to western blot analysis, anti-20α-HSD specifically recognizes the 37-kDa protein bovine 20α-HSD. The protein is not present in untransfected CHO cells. Anti-20α-HSD also recognizes a specific protein in the ovaries and placenta of other animals. Immunostaining was used to detect expression of bovine 20α-HSD protein in the cultured luteal cells during the estrous cycle later.