Advanced Water Treatment of High Turbidity Source by Hybrid Process of Ceramic Ultrafiltration and Photocatalyst: 1. Effects of Photocatalyst and Water-back-flushing Condition
본 연구에서는 정수처리용 세라믹 한외여과 및 광촉매의 혼성공정에서 TiO2 광촉매 코팅 구(bead)의 농도 및 물역세척 주기(FT), 물역세척 시간(BT) 변화의 영향을 알아보았다. 광촉매 코팅 구의 농도는 10~40 g/L로, FT는 2~10분으로, BT는 6~30초로 변화시키면서, 그 영향을 180분 운전 후 막오염에 의한 저항(Rf), 투과선속(J)과 총여과부피(VT) 측면에서 고찰하였다. 광촉매 코팅 구의 농도가 감소할수록 Rf는 증가하고 J는 감소하였다. 광촉매 코팅 구의 농도 40 g/L 에서 VT가 8.85 L로 가장 높았다. FT 변화 실험에서는 FT가 감소할수록, Rf는 감소하고 J는 증가하였다. 한편, BT 변화 실험에서는 BT가 증가할수록, Rf는 감소하고 J는 증가하였다. 또한, NBF(no back-flushing)에서 급격한 막오염에 의한 분리막 기공의 감소로 탁도 및 용존유기물(UV254 흡광도)이 효과적으로 제거되었기 때문에, 탁도 및 용존유기물의 처리효율이 NBF 조건에서 가장 높았다. 한편, 광촉매 코팅 구의 세척 효과로 FT가 감소할수록, BT가 증가할수록 탁도 및 용존유기물의 처리효율은 증가하였다.
The effects of TiO2 photocatalyst coating bead concentration, water-back-flushing period (FT), and back-flushing time (BT) were investigated in hybrid process of ceramic ultrafiltration and photocatalyst for advanced drinking water treatment in this study. Photocatalyst coating bead concentration was changed in the range of 10~40 g/L, FT in 2~10 min and BT in 6~30 sec. Then, we observed the effects on resistance of membrane fouling (Rf), permeate flux (J) and total permeate volume (VΤ) during total filtration time of 180 min. As decreasing photocatalyst coating bead concentration, Rf increased and J decreased. VΤ was the highest value of 8.85 L at 40 g/L of photocatalyst coating bead concentration. At FT change experiment, Rf decreased and J increased as decreasing FT. Then Rf decreased and J increased according to increasing BT at BT change experiment. Because at NBF (no back-flushing) dramatic membrane fouling reduced membrane pore size, turbid and dissolved organic matters (UV254 absorbance) could be removed efficiently. Therefore, treatment efficiencies of turbidity and dissolved organic matters were the highest at NBF. Then by cleaning effect of photocatalyst coating bead, the treatment efficiencies of turbidity and dissolved organic matters increased as decreasing FT and increasing BT.