The element carbon has been used as a source of energy for the past few hundred years, and now in this era of technology, carbon has played a significant and very prominent role in almost all fields of science and technology. So as an honour to this marvellous element, we humans should know about its various forms of existence. In this review article, we shed light on all possible carbon-allotropes; similarities in their synthesis techniques and the starting materials; their wide range of possible availability; and finally, future perspectives and applications. A brief introduction is given on the types, structures, and shapes of the allotropes of carbon for a better understanding.

 Abstract  1. Introduction   1.1. Lonsdaleite   1.2. Graphite   1.3. Diamond   1.4. Fullerene   1.5. Other carbon nanomaterials  2. Synthesis Methods   2.1. Synthesis of fullerenes   2.2. Synthesis of CNTs   2.3. Synthesis of carbon onions   2.4. Synthesis of carbon nanospheres   2.5. Synthesis of carbon quantum dots   2.6. Synthesis of carbon nanofiber  3. Applications   3.1. Carbon nanomaterials   3.2. Fullerenes   3.3. Carbon nanotubes   3.4. Carbon onion   3.5. Carbon dots   3.6. Carbon spheres   3.7. Carbon fibre  4. Future Perspectives  5. Conclusion  Acknowledgments  References

• Karthik, P.S.(Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology)
• Himaja, A.L.( Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology) | Himaja, A.L.
• Singh, Surya Prakash( Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology) | Singh, Surya Prakash