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Development of Sampling Plans for Bemisia tabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis in Paprika Greenhouses
Chemical control is the indispensable part of insect pest management. However, due to overuse of pesticides, the emergence of resistance to pests and environmental pollution problems are appeared. In order to solve these problems, the need of integrated pest management (IPM) has emerged. The IPM means that the pest density should be controlled and maintained to avoid any economic loss, also to minimize any side effects to the human beings and environment using appropriate control methods. In order to do successful IPM, sampling plan should be prepared. Sampling plan consists of monitoring, density estimation and decision making of target insect pests in certain crop field including the knowledge of spatial distribution.
Tabaco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, are serious insect pests in paprika greenhouses. We selected two paprika greenhouses with different sizes (12,000 m2 and 4,000 m2). Insect pests monitoring was evaluated from January 24, 2014 to June 27, 2014. Two monitoring methods are used to develop sampling plans, one is visual survey for B. tabaci population, and the other is using sticky trap for F. occidentalis population, respectively. We calculated spatial distribution using Taylor’s Power Law (TPL). In visual survey results, TPL showed that adults and pupae of B. tabaci were aggregated in paprika greenhouses. And in trap survey results, F. occidentalis was also aggregated with different scale of the slope of TPL equation. In density estimation, the more density of insect pests, the less samples were required. Moreover, the more accuracy, the more samples were required for stop sampling in greenhouses. We selected hypothetic action threshold of 0.3 and 5 for decision making. As a result, if the action threshold is increased, the maximum sample number is decreased
