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Efficacy Study of Two MB Alternative Fumigants on Citrus Mealybug at Two Different Temperature Conditions
Though quarantine use of methyl bromide(MB) is currently permitted in Korea, there has been phasing out and considering ban in many countries due to their ozone depletion properties. VapormateTM, a new gas formulation of ethyl formate(EF) with carbon dioxide, and VivakilTM, a new gas formulation of phosphine(PH3) with carbon dioxide, are MB alternative fumigants to methyl bromide(MB). For applying on import commodities, the efficacy of EF and PH3 was evaluated for 2hr fumigation on egg, nymph and adult stage of citrus mealybug(CMB), Planococcus citri, at two different temperatures(8, 13℃). The CT(Concentration X Time) product of EF to be expect 99% mortality to egg, nymph and adult stage of CMB were 108.3, 22.4 32.4 gh/m3 at 8℃ and 83.2, 25.1, 29.8 gh/m3 at 13℃, respectively. The CT product of PH3 gas to be expect 99% mortality to nymph and adult stage of CMB were 6.50, 2.55 gh/m3 at 8℃ and 3.72, 3.64 gh/m3 at 13℃, respectively. However, PH3 gas applied at high CT(4.2 gh/m3) for 2hr fumigation was not enough to obtain CT to egg stage of CMB at both temperature conditions. These efficacy data based on CT will be useful to predict the CT model in scale-up fumigation at diverse practical conditions.
