Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies provide a fast and easy way to understand the plant genomes, transcriptomes, regulatory elements and their interactions. About a decade ago, rice was the only crop that whole genome sequence information was publicly available but today many agricultural crops including maize, soybean, tomato, potato, cotton have been sequenced and many more will be available. Moreover newly developed method such as Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) allows efficiently collecting sequence information from hundreds of individuals in population to identify genetic variations, detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and develop molecular markers. Coupled with high-throughput phenotyping, the accumulated genomic information will be effectively utilized in crop improvement by genomics-assisted breeding, genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS). Rice is one of the important staple crops providing daily nutrition to more than a half of the world population. The genus Oryza consists of 23 species including two domesticated rice and it has been classified into 10 distinct genome types, represented by six diploids (A, B, C, E, F, and G) and four allotetraploids (BBCC, CCDD, HHJJ, and HHKK). It shows wide ranges of phenotypic variations to biotic and abiotic stress thus is considered a genetic reservoir of unique allelic variation for rice improvement. International collaborative efforts have been focused on generating the Oryza genomics resources including reference genome, transcriptome, smallRNAs, methylome and resequencing of many accessions to collect genetic variations and better understand the 15 MY evolution of Oryza. The Oryza genomic resources will be a backbone to layer various omics data to catalogue more genetic variations within and between Oryza species and the untapped genetic diversities existing in wild Oryza species will be finally translated to crop improvement.

• Yeisoo Yu(Phyzen Genomics Institute, Phyzen Inc.)