Endocirne disruptors (EDs) can cause fertility decrease, developmental disorder, and even cancer in animals. Until 90’s, EDs were used in various synthetic products including paints, coatings, detergents, plastics, and plasticizers. Currently, in several countries, the production, trade and use of EDs or EDs-suspected chemicals have been regulated while activity to screen the alternatives for EDs including bisphenol-A, phthalate and nonylphenol is active. Although various toxicity test method was developed and applied for screening of alternatives, however, the safety of alternatives has been not fully demonstrated. Some alternatives have high structural similarity with existing EDs, raising the possible risk of endocrine disruption by alternatives. In an effort to develop the safe alternatives, we reviewed the effects of EDs such as bisphenol-A, phthalates, nonylphenol and their substituents. In addition, in-silico analysis for endocrine disrupting activities of some alternatives was presented.

• 박찬진(한양대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) | Chan Jin Park contributed equally
• 김웅(한양대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) | Woong Kim contributed equally
• 계명찬(한양대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) | Myung Chan Gye Corresponding author