This study aims to find out how Figure and Ground, perspective, and orientation interact with each other and why alternative construals of the same situation are available in the conceptualization of relative spatial locations of objects. It focuses on the availability of alternative construals when one object/two objects have their own inherent orientation. With respect to the objects within a scene, the perspective may be on the speaker or the object, which results in different conceptualizations of relative spatial locations between the two objects. Perspective point can be shifted from the speaker to an object with its own inherent orientation, and that object has the role of a Ground with respect to a Figure. Each object may receive the perspective and an alternative construal is available depending on its orientation. If the principle of Figure and Ground alignment and perspective interact with each other, the former works first: if the reversal of Figure and Ground is allowed, an alternative construal is available. Furthermore, if the perspective point is shifted to an object and the object has its own inherent orientation, an alternative construal of the relative spatial locations is available.

• Sungchool Im(Kyungpook National University)