As maritime criminal activities are increasingly committed across the borders, States have come to establish mechanisms of international cooperation to be implemented in territorial seas. This article examines such mechanisms with regards to the crime of piracy and armed robbery at sea from the perspective of public international law. This article tackles the significance of the mechanisms imposed on the zonal approach, particularly paying attention to the nature of these crimes. It concludes that under the frameworks, States are allowed to pursue various objectives such as securing the safety of navigation, maintaining security, or protecting the local economy. They do not, however, fundamentally alter the nature of the zonal approach. Nonetheless, by setting up a forum of dialogue between the coastal States and the user States, it promotes maritime governance of territorial seas.

International Cooperation on the Repression of Piracy and Armed Robbery at Sea under the UNCLOS
  I. Introduction
  II. Bilateral and Regional Agreements
  III. The Multilateral Arrangements
  IV. Security Council Resolutions
  V. Conclusion

• Yurika Ishii(Assistant Professor at the National Defense Academy of Japan. LL.B./Ph.D. (Tokyo), LL.M.(Tokyo / Cornell).)