The main objective of this paper is to develop computer simulation program for performance evaluation and cost estimation of a reverse osmosis (RO) and pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) hybrid process to propose guidelines for its economic competitiveness use in the field. A solution-diffusion model modified with film theory and a simple cost model was applied to the simulation program. Using the simulation program, the effects of various factors, including the Operating conditions, membrane properties, and cost parameters on the RO and RO-PRO hybrid process performance and cost were examined. The simulation results showed that the RO-PRO hybrid process can be economically competitive with the RO process when electricity cost is more than 0.2 $/kWh, the PRO membrane cost is same as RO membrane cost, the power density is more than 8 W/m2 and PRO recovery is same as 1/(1-RO recovery).

1. 서 론
 2. 공정모사 모델
 3. 비용예측 모델
 4. 프로그램 구성
 5. 모델해석결과
  5.1 Project window
  5.2 SWRO 해석결과
  5.3 SWRO-PRO(ERD) 해석 결과
  5.4 SWRO-PRO(ERD)-WWTP 해석결과
  5.5 SWRO-PRO(Turbine)
  5.6 SWRO-PRO(Turbine)-WWTP
  5.7 Report window
 6. 결 론
 References

• 최용준(국민대학교 건설시스템공학부) | Yongjun Choi (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University)
• 신용현(국민대학교 건설시스템공학부) | Yonghyun Shin (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University)
• 이상호(국민대학교 건설시스템공학부) | Sangho Lee (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University) Corresponding author
• 김승현(경남대학교 토목환경공학과) | Seung-Hyun Kim (School of Civil Engineering, Kyungnam University)