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Changes of aquaporin and lactate dehydrogenase gene families’ expression patterns during development
Developing preimplantation embryos require appropriate energy source and express stage specific gene expression for proper development. During early stage embryo development, major energy sources were pyruvate and lactate, after then glucos is used as a main source. Aquaporins (AQPs), also, is suggested as key molecules for blastocoels formation, and energy and meytabolic homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of AQPs and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) which convet lacte to pyruvate and back. During development in vivo condition, the expression patterns can be classificed six clusters. AQP2,-3, -5, -8, -9, and -11 were detected at various stages but others were not. Cluster 1 is for an only express at blastocyst stage. Cluster 2 is for an incrase continuosuly from 4-cell stage. Cluster 3 is for a peak at both 4-cell and blastocyst stages. Cluster 4 is for a sharp decrease at morula stage. Cluster 5 is for a sharp decrase at 2-cell and morula stages. Cluster 6 is for continuous decrease after 4-cell stage. Cluster 7 is for no expression AQPs. LDHs expression has three patterns. First is for sharp decrase at both 2-cell stage and morula a stage. Second is for a continuous decrease from 4-cell stage. Third is for an existings until fertilized oocyte, 1-cell stage. Interestingly the expression profiles of AQPs and LDHs were totally changed by in vitro culture. All of the AQPs and LDHs were detected except AQP8. The leves of LDHA and LDHB were significantly decreased in vitro but those of LDHC and LDHD were increased. These results suggest that early stage embryos themselves adaptate to their conditon through modulation of the specific gene expression such as AQPs and LDHs.
