It has been claimed that artificial insemination (AI) of cows with frozen-thawed semen treated with commercially produced kits, Wholemom (in favour of female gender) increases the birth chance of calves with desired sex ratio by approximately 85% without decrease of pregnancy rates. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of wholemom kits as combined with frozen-thawed bovine semen during in vitro fertilization on the in vitro fertilization and developmental efficiency and sex ratios such as some reproductive parameters in bovine. For this, 1,737 oocytes were in vitro fertilized and developed. Agglutination effects on bovine after treatment of Wholemom kit were observed by time passage and dose respectively. To determine sex of embryos, Bovine embryo Y-specific gene primers(ConEY) and Bovine specific universal primer(ConBV) were used as multiple PCR method. Fertilization rate of wholemom-treated group was significantly lower than its of control group[66.9% (1,156/1,737) in Wholemom-treated group; 75.0% (610/813) in control group]. However, developmental rate after fertilization of both wholemom-treated and control groups were not significantly different [26.1% (404/1,156) in Wholemom-treated group; 27.4% (224/610) in control group]. Sex ratio of in vitro fertilized embryo with frozen-thawed semen treated with wholemom kit was determined by multi PCR. Female ratio in wholemom-treated group [85.4% (173/201)] was significantly higher than its of control group [47.2% (66/141)]. In conclusion, wholemom treatments of semen used in the in vitro fertilization and development of bovine oocytes provided increase in female ratio with decrease of fertilization rate.

Abstract
 서 론
 재료 및 방법
  소 미성숙난자의 회수 및 체외성숙 유도
  정자의 성분리 제품처리 및 소 성숙난자의 체외수정과 배발달 유도
  수정란의 성판별 검증
  통계처리
 결과
  Wholemom 처리후의 정자 응집현상
  Wholemom 처리 정자에 의한 체외수정 및 배발달율
  Wholemom처리 정자 유래 체외발달난의 성비 조사
 고찰
 결론
 REFERENCES

• Young-Tae Heo(Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Sangji Youngseo College) | 허영태
• Dong-Gu Kim(Nuri Science) | 김동구
• Sang-jun Uhm(Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Sangji Youngseo College) | 엄상준 Corresponding Author