Correlated evolution of biology and morphology of related organs of insects is an intriguing yet poorly understood topic. Gigantic member of phytophagan, the subfamily Cerambycinae provide us a unique opportunity to understand the topic because they have wide range of host plants, oviposition strategies and various forms of ovipositors. The evolutionary pathway of these traits is totally unknown because no robust internal phylogeny has been studied. Here we construct a multilocus phylogeny of Cerambycinae (134 taxa, 9 gene regions, 5211bp) focusing on wide range of oviposition strategies, host plant and ovipositor length. Ancestral state reconstruction analyses show that shortened ovipositor in Cerambycinae evolved at least four times independently; host plant use evolved from stressed hosts to dead and living host, broad leaved trees to conifer and herbaceus plants. Continuous mapping of ancestral state reconstruction shows extremely shortened ovipositor evolved independently at least four times. The correlated evolution test revealed the only correlation is between the ovipositor length and the oviposition strategy. This study unveiled the complex evolutionary history of ovipositor, oviposition strategy, host plant usage and their correlation within Cerambycinae for the first time.

• Seunghyun Lee(Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biothechnology, Seoul National University, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences,)
• Seunghwan Lee(Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biothechnology, Seoul National University, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences,)