One species of the genus Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidinae) is recognized in this study. The genus Aphidius is a large braconid group distributed in the European, Palaearctic and Oriental regions, which includes currently 61 species in South Korea. This genus mainly parasitizes aphids. In this study, Aphidius transcaspicus Telenga, 1958 is recognized for the first time in South Korea. Historically, Aphidius transcaspicus is complexed with Aphidius collemani species complex. Descriptions, diagnosis distribution and illustration are provided.

• Yeonghyeok Yu(Department of Biology, Kunsan National University)
• Subin Choi(Forest Biodiversity Division, Korea national Arboretum)
• Sangjin Kim(Department of Biology, Kunsan National University)
• Hyojoong Kim(Department of Biology, Kunsan National University)