The 8m class telescopes in the ground-based optical astronomy together with help from the ultra-sharp eye of the Hubble Space Telescope have enabled us to observe forming galaxies beyond red shift z = 5. In particular, more than twenty Lyα-emitting galaxies have already been found at z > 5. These findings provide us with useful hints to investigate how galaxies formed and then evolved in the early universe. Further, detailed analysis of Lyα emission line profiles are useful in exploring the nature of the intergalactic medium because the trailing edge of cosmic reionization could be close to z ~ 6 -7, at which forming galaxies have been found recently. We also discuss the importance of superwinds from forming galaxies at high redshift, which has an intimate relationship between galaxies and the intergalactic medium. We then give a review of early cosmic star formation history based on recent progress in searching for Lyα-emitting young galaxies beyond red shift 5.

• YOSHIAKI TANIGUCHI(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)
• YASUHIRO SHIOYA(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)
• MASARU AJIKI(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)
• SHINOBU S. FUJITA(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)
• TOHRU NAGAO(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)
• TAKASHI MURAYAMA(Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)