Aging are both global and domestic issues. In Korea, the population aged 65 and over accounted for 14.8% of the total population in 2018 and 14.4% in Jeju island. The Korea National Statistical Office estimates it will reach 41% by 2060. As the elderly population increases, socioeconomic policy changes and researches on health aging have been carried out especially in developed countries. Representative studies are telomere studies and molecular inflammation. Korean researchers also have made efforts to elucidate the secret of aging including TLR5 (Toll-like receptor 5)/caveolin study in Jeolla province, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) and molecular inflammation in Gyungsang province. However, Research on aging is still underway and research on gut microbiota started in Jeju province, centering on progeria, is expected to give hope.