Vinpocetine induces anti-inflammatory effects in various inflammatory diseases via the inhibition of phosphodiesterase type-1-independent nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and the release of inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the effect of vinpocetine on the proliferation of colon cancer cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our data showed that vinpocetine inhibits the viability and proliferation of colon cancer cells. Vinpocetine treatment induced cell death in HCT116 cells, which the percentages of sub-G1 phase were significantly increased, and the apoptosis-related genes were regulated after HCT116 cells were treated with vinpocetine. In sum, our findings indicated that vinpocetine could be a therapeutically useful candidate in the treatment of colon cancer.

Introduction
Materials and Methods
    1. 실험재료
    2. 세포 배양
    3. MTT assay
    4. Colony formation assay
    5. 유세포 분석(flow cytometry analysis)
    6. TUNEL assay
    7. 역전사-중합효소연쇄반응(reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)
    8. Western blot analysis
    9. 통계처리
Results
    1. Vinpocetine에 의한 대장암 세포주의 생존율과 증식 억제효과
    2. Vinpocetine이 대장암 세포주의 세포주기 조절에 미치는영향
    3. Vinpocetine이 대장암 세포주의 세포자멸사에 미치는 영향
    4. Vinpocetine에 의해 변화되는 세포주기 조절 및 세포자멸사관련 인자 발현 분석
Discussion
References

• Mi-Kyoung Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
• Hyun-Joo Park(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
• Yeon Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
• Yong-Il Kim(Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
• Soo-Kyung Bae(Department of Dental Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
• Hyung Joon Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry) Correspondence to
• Moon-Kyoung Bae(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University School of Dentistry) Correspondence to