About 40 editions of the Korean classical novel Chunhyangjeon are available in seventeen countries, including China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Mongolia, and India in the East and the USA, the UK, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Hungary in the West. The act of translation is not simply rendering one language into another, but also changing the language system in order to interpret how the text will be received in the target culture. As a result of this process, there must be some cultural collisions and occupations displayed in the translation. Likewise, translated Chunhyangjeon is to experience similar collisions and occupations framed by foreign cultures. Japan took the greatest advantage of occupying Korean culture through interpretations of the text. To assit with colonization of the Joseon period, they made use of Chunhyangjeon to try to understand the realities of the Joseon people. As an attempt to discover the national traits of Joseon, they had the Japanese people read the translated versions of Chunhyangjeon and also Simcheongjeon and Heungbujeon. They found Confucian ideas in the text which included the three principles: filial duty, fidelity, and friendship. Accordingly, they unveiled their political intentions to strongly oppress the colonized country. On the contrary, English translations showed different aspects and directions in their translations. H. N. Allen, an American diplomatic minister and doctor, worked with James S. Gale, a Canadian missionary. Particularly fascinated with Joseon culture, Gale labored to produce a complete translation of the Flower in Prison (Okjunghwa). However, whether intentionally or not, his work often seems tainted by Orientalism because he regarded Joseon's spiritual values as those of Christianity. One of the other notable works is a French translation by J. H. Rosny. This work modifies the love of Chunhyang and Lee Mongryong by adopting western-style plays and jokes. It even includes kissing scenes and low-neck dresses of the female character forbidden in Joseon culture. This version was used for a Russian translation by Chekhov and also for the Vietnamese translation Chunhyang-Nangja (1910).

韓國古典小說《春香傳》現存40 種版本，廣泛流傳在中國、臺灣、日本、馬來 西亞、越南、蒙古、印度東部、美國、英國、法國、德國、西班牙、意大利、俄羅斯、 波蘭、捷克和匈牙利西部。這些版本的翻譯不僅將一種語言轉換成另一種語言，而 且還改變了語言系統，用以解釋文本在目標文化中的接收方式。作為這個過程的結 果，翻譯中必然有一些文化的碰撞和融合。同樣，《春香傳》的翻譯也經歷了類似的 外來文化框定的碰撞和融合。日語版本通過對文本的解釋，最大限度地利用韓國文 化融合的優勢。為了協助朝鮮時代的殖民，他們試圖從《春香傳》瞭解朝鮮人民的 現實。為了探索朝鮮民族特徵，他們讓國民閱讀《春香傳》《沈清傳》和《興夫傳》 的譯本。他們在文本中發現了儒家孝、忠、友三大核心思想。由此揭示強烈壓迫被 殖民國家的政治意圖。相反，英譯本在翻譯中表現出不同特點。美國外交大臣兼醫 生 H. N. Allen 曾與加拿大傳教士 James S. Gale 共事。 Gale 對朝鮮文化特別著迷， 努力完成了《獄中之花》的完整翻譯。然而，無論有意與否，他的作品似乎常常受到 東方主義的影響，因為他將朝鮮的精神價值觀視為基督教的精神價值觀。此外，還 有 J. H. Rosny 的法語翻譯本也具有代表性。這部作品通過採用西式戲劇和笑話來修 改春香和李夢龍的愛情，甚至包含了朝鮮文化中禁止的女性接吻場景和低領連衣裙。 這個版本被契訶夫用於俄語翻譯，也被用於翻譯越南1910 版《春香傳》。

Abstract
1. Introduction: The Power of the Narrative of Chunhyangjeon
2. Translations of Chunhyangjeon into Foreign Languages and TheirCultural Significance
(1) Japanese Translation
(2) English Translation
(3) French Translation
(4) German Translation
(5) Russian Translations
(6) Chinese Translation (including Taiwanese)
3. Conclusion: the Cultural Historical Significance of the Translations andInterpretations of Chunhyangjeon
References

• Kwon Sunkeung(Semyung University, Korea) | 權純肯