Bioactive flavonoids have been shown to improve the biological activity of stem cells derived from different sources in tissue regeneration. The goal of this study was to see how naringin, a natural flavonoid discovered in citrus fruits, affected the biological properties of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). In this study, we found that naringin increases the migratory ability of HDPSCs. Naringin increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) mRNA and protein expression in HDPSCs. ARP100, a selective MMP-2 inhibitor, and AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, both inhibited the naringin-induced migration of HDPSCs. Furthermore, naringin increased osteogenic differentiation of HDPSCs and the expression of the osteogenic-related marker, alkaline phosphatase in HDPSCs. Taken together, our findings suggest that naringin may be beneficial on dental tissue or bone regeneration by increasing the biological activities of HDPSCs.

Introduction
Materials and Methods
    1. 실험 재료
    2. 세포 배양
    3. 세포 성장률 분석
    4. 세포 이동 능력 분석(transwell migration assay)
    5. 상처 치유 이동 분석(wound healing migration assay)
    6. 실시간 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응(reverse transcriptionquantitativereal-time polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)
    7. Western immunoblot analysis
    8. ALP 염색
    9. Alizarin red S (ARS) 염색
    10. 통계처리
Results
    1. Naringin이 HDPSCs의 이동에 미치는 영향
    2. Naringin이 HDPSCs의 CXCR4 및 MMP-2 발현에 미치는영향
    3. Naringin이 유도한 HDPSCs의 이동에서 CXCR4 및MMP-2의 관련성
    4. Naringin이 HDPSCs의 골분화능에 미치는 영향
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Conflicts of Interest
References

• Yeon Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University, Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University)
• Hyun-Joo Park(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University, Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University)
• Mi-Kyoung Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University)
• Yong-Il Kim(Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University)
• Soo-Kyung Bae(Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
• Hyung Joon Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University, Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University)
• Moon-Kyoung Bae(Department of Oral Physiology, Pusan National University, Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center (MRC), Pusan National University, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University) Corresponding author