The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) entails independent decision-making for the safety supervision of civil nuclear facilities. To evaluate and review the safety of nuclear facilities, the national regulatory body usually consults independent institutions or external committees. Technical Support Organizations (TSOs) include national laboratories, research institutions, and consulting organizations. Support from professional organizations in other countries may also be required occasionally. Most of the world’s major nuclear power countries adopt an independent nuclear safety supervision model. Accordingly, China has continuously improved upon the construction of such a system by establishing the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) as the decision-making department for nuclear and radiation safety supervision, six regional safety supervision stations, the Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center (NSC), a nuclear safety expert committee, and the National Nuclear and Radiation Safety Supervision Technology R&D Base, which serves as the test, verification, and R&D platform for providing consultation and technical support. An R&D system, however, remains to be formed. Future endeavors must focus on improving the technical support capacity of these systems. As an enhancement from institutional independence to capability independence is necessary for ensuring the independence of China’s nuclear safety regulatory institution, its regulatory capacity must be improved in the future.

1. Introduction
2. Nuclear Safety Supervision of MajorNuclear Power Countries
3. The Situation of China’s Nuclear SafetySupervision
    3.1 The Situation of China’s RegulatoryAgency
    3.2 The Situation of Regulatory TechnicalSupport System
4. Problems
    4.1 Lack of Supervisors
    4.2 Complex Unit Type
    4.3 Lack of Regulatory Technology
    4.4 Technology R&D Base
5. Conclusion and Suggestion
    5.1 Conclusion
    5.2 Suggestion
REFERENCES

• Han Wu(The Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center of MEE)
• Guoxin Yu(The Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center of MEE)
• Xiangyang Zheng(The Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center of MEE)
• Keyan Teng(The Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center of MEE) Corresponding Author